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Week 2GIS CONCEPTSPart IGIS ON THE WEBPart IIURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
topics of the week – part I GIS functions and GIS data Spatial relationshipsURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Organizing convention for spatial data Store Information bythematic layers of spatialdata Answer questions byintegrating different layersof data Onion analogy forrepresenting realityURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Feature classes in the vector model Real-world objects are modeled into three basic geometric shapesURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Determining spatial relationshipsI-10 connects Jacksonville and Santa MonicaI-10 has lengthand directionSanta Monica iscontained in CaliforniaJacksonville isadjacent to theAtlantic OceanURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
GIS functionsCaptureStoreAnswer QuestionsAnalyzeDisplayOutputURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Capture, create dataNew dataDigitize from paper maps Digitize over digital maps Scan paper maps Create fresh using GPS devices Create from tex tfiles that store geographic location[mostly points] Text file example:XY450632.55, 355789450633.56, 355791URP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Capture, create dataUse existing digital data - GIS format or other Download from public GIS web portals Buy from specialized GIS agencies Convert from other formats into GIS formatsSubtract, collapse, add, integrate from existing GIS datainto new GIS data that respond to your needs Volunteered user data (knowingly, non-knowingly) World peace mapCreate new data vs. using existing data, pros & consURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Store dataTwo fundamental models for storing geographic data Vector Model - Discrete representation of reality, traditional geometricshapes Raster model - Uses square cells to model reality with attributes - grids without attributes - arealsURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
More on Vector and RasterURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Map scalesMap scale ratio of map distance to ground distance in thesame unit Large scale vs. Small scale Scale of display vs. Scale of data capturelargesmallURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Answer Questions What is where, identify specificfeatures Where is what, identify featuresbased on known conditionsCounty Name Alachua Context and Content of QuestionsURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Analysis ProximityWhich parcels are fully contained withinthe red line? OverlayWhat were the environmental andengineering factors that determinedcurrent land use? NetworkWhich is the shortest route to thehouse on fire?URP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
DisplayChartTableURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Output and medium of publicationFormat Paper maps (wall, book, report, etc) Images, jpg, gif, pdf, bmp, etc.Project with interpreted data that points to the datasource, usuallysoftware dependent GIS data with new knowledge stored into various GIS formatsMedium Paper Desktop (images, projects, live data) – single user Network (images, projects, live data) – multiple users Internet (images, projects, live data) – public useURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Three components of geographic dataGeometryGeographic featuresAttributesDescriptive informationBehaviorRules we set, ex. display only at a particular scale.URP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
topics of the week – part II What is Internet GIS? Examples of Commercial GIS Web Applications Examples of Government/Public GIS Internet Applicat. Examples of Civil Society GIS Internet ApplicationsURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
What is Internet GIS Internet GIS uses the Internet to distribute data andto conduct spatial analysis in a distributedenvironment. Web Mapping refers to making and displaying mapson the Web, with little or no analysis capability.URP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Features of Internet GIS Wide accessibility, users any where can access GIS dataand analysis tools over the Internet. No GIS software is required to be installed locally. Takes advantage of the existing graphic user interfaceprovided by the World Wide Web. Users can manipulate maps and GIS data directly over theWeb. Local GIS software can also access remote data anywhere,via the Internet, if it is Internet aware. Internet GIS enables incorporation of real-time information. It is generally at no cost to the user – but not alwaysURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Evolution of GIS architectureAccessibilityCentralized vs DistributedMobile GISInternet GISDesktop GISMainframe GISTimeURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Basic Architecture of Internet GISdesktops/laptopscomputer acting as server and related softwareURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Commercial Web GIS free for everyoneYahoo Maps - http://maps.yahoo.com/Google Maps - http://maps.google.comGoogle Earth - http://earth.google.com/MSN Virtual Earth - http://www.bing.com/mapsURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Yahoo MapsURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Features Created and maintained by NAVTEQ Can be accessed at: http://maps.yahoo.com/ Provides maps, imagery, hybrid display of the two Provides for geo-spatial searches, driving directions Provides traffic informationURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Google MapsURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Features Created and maintained by Google Can be accessed at: http://maps.google.com/ Provides maps, imagery, hybrid display of the two Provides for geo-spatial searches Lately provides for user customization A new feature the street view – does not cover theentire US yetURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Google Earth Maintained by Google Can be downloaded at: http://earth.google.com/ Developed by Keyhole, Inc. Acquired in ‘04, renamed in ‘05 Three versions: Free Plus ProfessionalURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Features Combines satellite imagery, maps, Google Search Allows for user’s own information, for street view, etc.URP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Google Sky The New Digital Sky, Google Video – Tony Tyson, UC DavisNew Frontiers in Astronomy, Google Video - Alberto Conti and CarolChristian, Hubble InstituteMars Crowdsourcing Experiment – from images to GIS dataURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
MSN Virtual Earth Created and maintained by Microsoft Also known as Windows Live Local URL - http://www.bing.com/mapsURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Features Scratch Pad option: a place to "hold" the locations ofinterest during a search and discover session Ability to add local data layers, such as businesses orrestaurants Ability to choose from a number of different data types Allows for user’s own information Provides oblique imagery i.e. satellite images with 45degree-angle views of buildings and neighborhoodsURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Oblique Imagery Created by Pictometry and sold to Microsoft along withorthogonal images under a five year contract. The oblique does not cover all counties in US, muchless the world. Live demo on Oblique Imagery from LocalLive. Live demo on Oblique Imagery using the desktop EFS.URP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Oblique ImageryURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Public GIS Internet ApplicationsFlorida Geographic Data Libraryhttp://fgdl.orgURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Public GIS Internet Applications - EPA EnviroMapperhttp://www.epa.gov/geospatialURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
Civil Society GIS Internet Applications - OpenStreetMaphttp://www.openstreetmap.orgURP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College of Design, Construction and Planning - URP Department
I-10 connects Jacksonville and Santa Monica Santa Monica is contained in California I-10 has length and direction Jacksonville is adjacent to the . Scan paper maps . Live demo on Oblique Imagery using the desktop EFS. URP 4273: Survey of Planning Information Systems, UF - College
