Syllabification And Pronunciation - Reading Biblical Hebrew

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Chapter 3 – Syllabification and PronunciationBBH Vocabulary1The following mnemonics were generated by many people. Whenever you catch errors or have ideas for bettermnemonics, please use the feedback page at HebrewSyntax.org. Thanks! Unless otherwise marked, nouns that end in ֫ ָ ה , ֫ ַ ת , ֫ ֶ ת , ִ ֫ ית , or ֫ות are feminine. Words marked [M] are masculine nouns that look like they have a feminine ending. Unless otherwise marked, singular nouns that have no ending or end in ֫ ֶ ה are masculine. Words marked [F] are feminine nouns that do not end in ֫ ָ ה in the singular. Words marked [M/F] are sometimes feminine and sometimes masculine.Chapter 3 – Syllabification and �m was a manʾereṣGrow carrots in the ʾereṣ (ground).ʾĕlōhîmMeaningman, mankind,Adamland, earth,ground[F]God, godsʾābi-melek means ‘my father [is/was] king’.Word אָ ָדם ֶ֫א ֶרץ ֱֹלהים ִ א ʾāb-ba, fatherfather, ancestor אָ ב ʾēlbêt-ʾēl is the ‘house of God’God, god אֵ ל bēnbēn-yāmîn is the ‘son of my right (hand)’son בֵ ן ʾābbayitdābāryôm[its construct form (ch10) bêt is used in many city names:house, householdbêt-ʾēl house of God, bêt-leḥem house of bread]word, matter,thingyôm Qippur Day of Atonementyiśrāʾēlyərûšālayim ָדבָ ר יֹום day יִ ְׂש ָראֵ ל Israel[See §36.5 in the textbook. Pronounce it yərûšālayim.] ַ֫ביִ ת Jerusalem יְׂ רושָ לַ֫ ִם Jerusalem יְׂ רושָ לַ֫ יִ ם יְׂ הוָה yhwh[Traditional pronunciation דנָי ֹ א ֲ ădōnāy. See §36.5.]Yahweh, LORD [M]miṣrayim[note that Ra is the Egyptian sun god]Egypt ִמ ְׂצ ַ ֫ריִ ם mōšê[Nouns that end in ֫ ֶ ה are masculine]Moses מֹשֶ ה melekʾābi-melek means ‘my father [is/was] king’.king, ruler ֫ ֶמלֶ ְך sûsThe capital city sûs-a might have had lots of horses.horseʿebedʿebed-nego (Abendigo) means ‘servant of the shiningone’slave, servantparʿô סוס פַ ְׂרעֹ ה Pharaoh שָ נָה šānârōʾš Ha-šānâ Head of the yearyearšēmHe felt a-šēm-ed of his name and reputation.name, reputation J Beckman 2017.06.08HebrewSyntax.org עֶ֫ בֶ ד Copy freely שֵ ם

Chapter 4 – Hebrew Nouns2BBH2 VocabularyChapter 4 – Hebrew �-dônt [I don’t] have a lord and masterMeaningLord דנָי ֹ א ֲlord, master אָ דֹון ʾāḥbrotherʾaḥîmbrothersʾîšʾîš [Ish!] a man or husband has cooties!Word אָ ח [plural of ]אָ ח אַ ִחים ִאיש man, husband[plural of ]איש ִʾănāšîmʾiššâReal men are ʾănāšîm(ed) (unashamed).[To distinguish from ָשים ִ ‘ נ women’, remember‘alpha male’]Gen 2:23, Adam said, “She will be called ִאשָ ה because she was taken from ”איש ִwoman, wife ִאשָ ה ָשים ִ נ nāšîm[plural of ]אשָ ה ִwomen, wivesbatbat-miṣwâ means ‘daughter of commandment’.[This feminine noun has the feminine ending ] ַ ת daughterbānôt[plural of ]בת ַdaughtersgôyJewish people sometimes refer to non-Jewishpeople as ‘gôy’ or ‘goyim’.That oil derek [derrick] in the road is in the wayof our journey‘Armageddon’ might be har-Megiddo, “hill ofMegiddo.”This mountain is har(d).derekharhārîm[plural of ]הר ַ ָשים ִ אנ ֲmen, husbands[F] בָ נֹות ּגֹוי nation, peopleway, road, journey[M/F]mountain, hill, hill country ֶ ֫ד ֶרְך הַ ר הָ ִרים mountains, hillskōhēn בַ ת כֹהֵ ן priestheart, mind, will לֵ ב lēbābheart, mind, will לֵ בָ ב mayimwater ֫ ַמיִ ם nep̄ešsoul, life, person, neck,throat[F] ֶנ֫פֶ ש nābîʾprophet נ ִָביא book, scroll, document ֵ֫ספֶ ר lēbsēp̄erlēb [leave] my heart, mind, and willa book is sēp̄er [safer] in the libraryʿayinʿênayim[Dual of ]עיִ ן ַ֫Copy freelyHebrewSyntax.orgeye, spring[F] עַ֫ יִ ן eyes[F] עֵ י ַנ֫יִ ם 2017.06.08 J Beckman

Chapter 4 – Hebrew NounsBBH She has the ʿîr [ear] of the city and towncity, town[F] ִעיר ʿārîm[plural of ]עיר ִcities, towns[F] עָ ִרים ṣābāʾSee ְׂצ ָבאֹות belowhost, army, war, serviceṣəbāʾôtqôlThe hymn “A mighty fortress is our God” containsthe lyrics: “Lord ṣəbāʾôt His name.”hosts, armies, wars‘Lord Sabaoth’ is יהוה ְׂצ ָבאֹות , which can betranslated “LORD of Armies”[Masculine Plural of ]צָ ָבא the sound of your voice will qôl [call] me.voice, sound, noiseNat King qôl [Cole] has a great voice. צָ בָ א ְׂצבָ אֹות קֹול ר ֹאש rōʾšhead, top, chieftôrâlaw, instruction, teaching,custom ּתֹורה ָʾābôt[plural of ]אָ ב fathers אָ בֹות bāttîm[plural of ]ביִ ת ַ֫houses ָב ִּתים bānîm[plural of ]בן ֵsons בָ נִ ים yāmîm[plural of [ ]יֹום Distinguish from ‘ י ִַמים seas’]days י ִָמים The last 4 words are irregular plurals listed in section §4.8.5, which are the plurals of vocabulary wordsfrom chapter 3. The other plurals in section §4.8.5 are the plurals of vocabulary words from chapter 4, andhence already in the list. J Beckman 2017.06.08HebrewSyntax.orgCopy freely

Chapter 5 – Definite Article and Conjunction Waw4BBH2 VocabularyChapter 5 – Definite Article and Conjunction WawTransliterationʾēšMnemonicMeaningʾēš [ash] is from fire.Wordfirehêkāltemple, palacewəand, but, also, even, thenzāhābI zāhāb gold. [I is half gold]goldḥerebḥereb [Arab] swordswordḥay[F] אֵ ש הֵ יכָ ל ְׂ ו זָהָ ב [F] ֫ ֶח ֶרב living, alive חַ י חַ יִ ים ḥayyîmSong in Fiddler on the Roof:“Le ḥayyîm” “To Life!”life, lifetimeyeledDon’t yeled the child!child, boy, youthyāmyām(y) [yummy] sea water.seayammîm[plural of ]יָם [To distinguish from ‘ י ִָמים days’, think of theDagesh in מ as a boat in the sea.]seas י ִַמים kesep̄The kesep̄ [case of] silversilver, money כסֶ ף ֶ֫kôkô [go] here!thus, heremāqômthe place where I put māqôm [my comb].place, locationmišpāṭThe police dog didn’t mišpāṭ [overlookmarijuana], so they had judgment forbreaking the law.judgment, decision, ordinance,law, custom, mannermizbēaḥmizbēaḥ (Ms. Beah) [bear] on the altaraltarnəʾumnəʾum [Nahum] has a revelation.utterance, announcement,revelationʿôlāmThat ʿôlām [alarm] has been going forever!forever, everlasting, ancientʿānānclouds made them ʿānān(ymous).clouds, cloud massrûaḥ ֶי֫לֶ ד יָם כֹה מָ קֹום ִמזְׂ בֵ ַח נְׂ אֻ ם [F]śarThe śar [Tsar] is the ruler.The name śarah [ ]שָ ָרה means ‘princess’.chief official, ruler, princešaʿara šaʿar [shower] gategateheaven, skyCopy freelyHebrewSyntax.org עֹולָ ם עָ נָן spirit, wind, breathšāmayim ִמ ְׂשפָ ט רוח ַ שַ ר שַ֫ עַ ר שָ ֫ ַמיִ ם 2017.06.08 J Beckman

Chapter 6 – Hebrew PrepositionsBBH Vocabulary5Chapter 6 – Hebrew ʾaḥar! – behind you!ʾaḥărêʾēt / ʾet-I ʾēt lunch with/beside my friendsʾel / ʾel-Wordafter, behind אַ חַ ר after, behind אַ ח ֲֵרי preposition: with, besideparticle: definite direct object marker אֵ ת / אֶ ת־ to, toward, in, into אֶ ל / אֶ ל־ בֵ ין bên ֵבין has a Yod between. ‘ בֵ ן son’ does not.betweenûbên ְׂו ֵבין and betweenbəGen 1:1 אשית ִׁ֖ ִ ‘ ְׂב ֵר in the beginning’in, at, with, by, against ְׂב bətôk ְׂב ֫ ָּתוְֶך in middlein the middle of, inside ְׂבתֹוְך tāwektāwek [to whack] it in the middlenoun: middle, centerḥokmâ[The vowel under ח is Qamets Hatuf]wisdom, skillkə ובֵ ין ֫ ָּתוְֶך חָ ְׂכמָ ה ְׂכ as, like, according to כֹל kōlkōl-lect [collect] them allall, each, everykol[Qamets Hatuf] [Construct form. Chapt 10]all of, each of, every one of כָ ל־ lip̄nê ְׂל ְׂפנֵי to face ofbefore, in front of[‘before’ can be space or time] ִל ְׂפנֵי lə ְׂל to, toward, for ְׂל ֫ ַמעַ ן ləmaʿanon account of ləmaʿan [the man]on account of, for the sake ofmin / min-min(us) this from thatfrom, out ofmaʿalHe’s above, on top of the maʿal [Mall]above, upward, on top ofmimmaʿal ִמן ֫ ַמעַ ל (from) above, (from) on top of ִמ ֫ ַמעַ ל miṣwâbat-miṣwâ is ‘daughter of commandment’commandment ִמ ְׂצוָה miṣwōt[ ֹו is not Holem Waw because צ has shewa][plural of ]מ ְׂצוָה ִ ִמ ְׂצֹות ʿadʿad far asuntil, as far as, during עַ ד ʿalʿal [All] hands on deck!on, upon, on account of, according to עַ ל ʿal-dəbar עַ ל ְׂד ַבר on account of a thing.because of, on account ofʿimwith ʿim [him]with, together with ִעם pêo-pê-n your mouthmouth, opening פֶ ה śādê[Nouns that end in ֫ ֶ ה are masculine]field, pasture land שָ ֶדה taḥatIt’s taḥat [too hot] under here.under, below, instead of ֫ ַּתחַ ת J Beckman 2017.06.08HebrewSyntax.org ִמן / ִמן־ Copy freely ֫ ַמעַ ל ל־דבַ ר ְׂ ַ ע

Chapter 7 – Hebrew Adjectives6BBH2 VocabularyChapter 7 – Hebrew ḥād [I had] oneone אֶ חָ ד gādôlgādôl [ga Dole] bananas are great, big, largegreat, big, large ּגָדֹול daldal(it) are poor, weak, and needy.zāqēnzāqēn [the cane] is for old folks.[In chapter 13, this is a verb meaning ‘to be(come) old’]adjective: oldnoun: elder[ch13: to be(come) old] זָקֵ ן ḥākāmḥākām [how come] you are wise?wise, skillful, experienced חָ כָ ם ṭôbMazel-ṭôb “congratulations” is literally good-star (good luck)[In chapter 18, this is a verb meaning ‘to be good, etc.’good, pleasant[ch18: to be good, etc.] טֹוב yāp̄êyāp̄ê [You’re fair] and beautiful.beautiful יָפֶ ה yāšārThe book of yāšār [Jashar] (Josh 10:13; 2 Sam 1:18) is thebook of the upright. yāšār you bet’cha he’s upright!upright, just, level,straight יָשָ ר kēnkēn murdered, thus Abel died.so, thus ַדל [Geminate adjective] poor, weak, needyʿal-kēn כֵ ן עַ ל־כֵ ן thereforeməʾōdməʾōd [ma’ owed] very much.very, exceedingly ְׂמאֹד məʿaṭməʿaṭ [Matt] has littlelittle, few ְׂמעַ ט ʿattâAtah last! [at last].ʿattâ boy, now you’ve got it at last!now, after all, at last,then עַ ּתָ ה ṣaddîqqōdeš[This is segholate, so it can’t be an adjective]qādôšrighteous, just, innocent צַ ִדיק holiness, something thatis holy ֹ֫ק ֶדש holy, set apart קָ דֹוש קָ טֹן qāṭōnA qāṭōn [kitten] is small and young.small, young,insignificantqārôbqārôb [carob] is close to him.near, closeqāšêqāšê [cash] is difficultdifficult, hard, severerāḥôqrabraʿ קָ רֹוב distant, remote, far awayIn Isa 36:2, the king of Assyria sent the rab-shakeh (thegreat, manygreat high one) to convince king Hezekiah to surrender.Toyota made a great many Rav4’s.[Geminate adjective]One shouldn’t cheer or say ‘raʿ!’ for evil.[Geminate adjective] קָ שֶ ה ָרחֹוק ַרב ַרע raʿ (the Egyptian sun god) is evil.bad, evil, wickedrāšāʿwas rāšāʿ [Russia] wicked?wicked, guilty ָרשָ ע šîršîr [Cher] is singing a song.song ִשיר Copy freelyHebrewSyntax.org[ch27: to sing]2017.06.08 J Beckman

Chapter 8 – Hebrew PronounsBBH Vocabulary7Chapter 8 – Hebrew PronounsTransliterationMnemonicMeaningʾōhelWord ֹ֫אהֶ ל tent אַ חֵ ר ʾaḥērʾaḥēr [A hair] from another woman on his shirt other, another, foreignʾêkHow could you? My heart ʾêk(es)!how? אֵ יְך ʾêkâHow could you? My heart ʾêkâ(s)!how? אֵ יכָ ה ʾelep̄The ʾelep̄(ant) weighs a thousand pounds.thousand ֶ֫אלֶ ף ʾăšerShe gave ʾăšer [a share] to the one who asked.who, whom, that, which אֲשֶ ר kaʾăšer ְׂכ אֲשֶ ר as that asas, when כַ אֲשֶ ר bəhēmâthe animal bəhēmâ(th) is in Job 40:5animal(s), beast(s), cattle ְׂבהֵ מָ ה gamAre you also gam(e)?also, evendām(A)dām(’s) blood linebloodhăhă [Huh?]interrogative particleṭāhôr ּגַם ָדם ה ֲ טָ הֹור clean, purekîBut that is indeed, truly the kî.that, because, but, except,indeed, trulykî-ʾim ִכי ִאם but if butbut, except, onlykəsîlkəsîl [seal] your lips, fool!fool, shameless personlāmmâWhy did that lāmmâ spit on me?why? לָ֫ מָ ה lāmâWhy did that lāmâ spit on me?why? לָ מָ ה mâWhat, mâ [ma]?what? מָ ה why? דוע ַַ מ ִמי maddûaʿ י־אם ִ ִכ mîWho? mî [me]?who?ʿānîLittle Orphan ʿānî [Annie] was poor &afflicted. אֲנִ י עָ נִ י I am poor, humble, and afflicted.poor, humble, afflictedšemenšōp̄ēṭone who judges, a judgeIndependent personal pronouns and demonstratives from chapter 8 are listed on the next page.Students in my classes are responsible for them as vocabulary items. J Beckman 2017.06.08HebrewSyntax.org ְׂכ ִסיל עָ נִ י שֶ֫ מֶ ן oil, fatšōp̄ēṭ [show fate] what a judge does ִכי Copy freely שֹפֵ ט

Chapter 8 Continued – The Pronouns and Demonstratives8BBH2 VocabularyChapter 8 Continued – The Pronouns and DemonstrativesThese are the independent personal pronouns and demonstratives from chapter 8.Students in my classes are responsible for these as vocabulary items.Transliteration ParsingMeaningWordʾănî1csI אֲנִ י ʾānōkî1csI אָ נ ִֹכי ʾattâ2msyou (ms)1 אַ ּתָ ה ʾatt2fsyou (fs)hûʾ3mshe, it, that הוא hîʾ3fsshe, it, that ִהיא ʾănaḥnû1cpweʾattem2mpyou (mp) אַ ּתֶ ם ʾattēnâ2fpyou (fp)2 אַ ֫ ֵּתנָה hēm3mpthey (m), those (m)hēmmâ3mpthey (m), those (m)2hēn3fpthey (f), those (f)[ch9: behold! if]hēnnâ3fpthey (f), those (f)2zêmsthis (m)3zōʾtfsthis (f) ז ֹאת ʾēllêcpthese4 ֵ֫אלֶ ה אַ ְּׂת ֫חנו ְׂ א ַנ ֲ הֵ ם ֫ ֵהמָ ה הֵ ן ֫ ֵהנָה זֶה Note that אַ ּתָ ה is MS, despite the ֫ ָ ה ending.The ָ ה at the end of אַ ֫ ֵּתנָה , המָ ה ,ֵ ֫ and ֫ ֵהנָה is unaccented, so it is not the FS ending. So do not think that they are FS.3The MS ending ֫ ֶ ה can help you remember that זֶה is MS.4The ֶ ה at the end of ֵ֫אלֶ ה is unaccented, so it is not the MS ending. So do not think that ֵ֫אלֶ ה is MS.12Copy freelyHebrewSyntax.org2017.06.08 J Beckman

Chapter 9 – Hebrew Pronominal SuffixesBBH Vocabulary9Chapter 9 – Hebrew Pronominal SuffixesTransliterationMnemonicʾôMeaningWord אֹו orʾayinThere are not any; ʾayin(‘t) [I ain’t] got any.there is not, there are not ַ֫איִ ן ʾênThere are not any; I ʾên(’t) got any.there is not, there are not אֵ ין ʾap̄cut his nose ʾap̄ [off]ʾap̄(ten) [often] anger nostril, nose; anger[ch15: also, indeed, even][Its homograph אַ ף in chapter 15 means also, indeed, even] אַ ף ʾappayim[dual of ]אַ ף nostrils אַ ֫ ַפיִ ם bōqerbōqer [poke her] this morning.bōqer T Washington got up early in the morning.morning ֹ֫בקֶ ר bāqārship cattle bāqār [by car]cattle, herd בָ קָ ר bərākâhēnJeremiah’s scribe’s name, bərākâ [Baruch], means‘blessed’.Behold! If you do something hēn(ous), you’ll be introuble.[Its homograph הֵ ן in chapter 8 means they (f), those (f)]hinnê ְׂב ָרכָ ה blessing, giftbehold! if[ch8: they (f), those (f)] הֵ ן ִהנֵה behold! חַ טָ את ḥaṭṭāʾtyou sin if you don’t take your ḥaṭṭāʾt [off]sin, sin offeringyēšyēš, there arethere is, there are יֵש there is, there are יֶש־ yeškābôdkəlî[Maqqef form of ]יֵש [With a Maqqef, long E ֵ short E ֶ ]In 1 Sam 4:21, a baby was named (I)kābôd(‘where is glory?’) because the ark was captured.kəlî(n) [clean] out the vessel.Put the kəlî(flower) in the vessel.[F]glory, splendor, honor,abundancevessel, implement,weapon כָ בֹוד ְׂכ ִלי leḥembêt-leḥem means ‘house of bread’.bread, food לֶ֫ חֶ ם ləbadləbad me alone!ləbad [love had] them be not alonealone, by oneself ְׂלבַ ד mišpāḥâI mišpāḥâ [miss papa] in our family.family, clan ִמ ְׂשפָ חָ ה milḥāmâThe milḥāmâ (military Hummer) is for war.war, battle, struggle ִמ ְׂלחָ מָ ה sābîbsābîb [savvy] people are aware of what happensaround them.around, about,surroundings, circuitʿamThe “I ʿam” made all people.people עַ ם ʿēṣʿēṣ [It’s] wood. Those gʿēṣ [gates] are woodtree, wood עֵ ץ Pronominal suffixes from chapter 9 are listed on the next page.Students in my classes are responsible for them as vocabulary. J Beckman 2017.06.08HebrewSyntax.orgCopy freely סָ ִביב

Chapter 9 Continued – The Pronominal Suffixes10BBH2 VocabularyChapter 9 Continued – The Pronominal SuffixesTreat the following pronominal suffixes from chapter 9 as vocabulary.Be able to parse (including the type) and translate them.ParsingTranslationSuffix ִי 1cstype 1 my1cstype 1 my נִ י 1cstype 2 my ַי 2mstype 1 your (ms) ְׂ ָך 2mstype 2 your (ms) ֫ ֶ יָך 2fstype 1 your (fs) ֫ ֵ ְך 2fstype 2 your (fs) ֫ ַ יִ ְך 3mstype 1 his ֹו 3mstype 1 his ֫ הו 3mstype 2 his ָ יו 3fstype 1 her ָ ּה 3fstype 1 herָ ֫ ה 3fstype 2 herָ ֫ ֶ יה 1cptype 1 our ֫ ֵ נו 1cptype 2 our ֫ ֵ ינו 2mptype 1 your (mp) ְׂ כֶ ם 2mptype 2 your (mp) ֵ יכֶ ם 2fptype 1 your (fp) ְׂ כֶ ן 2fptype 2 your (fp) ֵ יכֶ ן 3mptype 1 their (mp) ָם 3mptype 1 their (mp) הֶ ם 3mptype 2 their (mp) ֵ יהֶ ם 3fptype 1 their (fp) ָן 3fptype 1 their (fp) הֶ ן 3fptype 2 their (fp) ֵ יהֶ ן Copy freelyHebrewSyntax.org2017.06.08 J Beckman

Chapter 10 – Hebrew Construct ChainBBH Vocabulary11Chapter 10 – Hebrew Construct ChainTransliterationMnemonicMeaningʾebenSong: “Here I raise mine ʾeben-ezer” stone ofhelp.a stone ʾeben [oven]stoneʾădāmâʾădāmâ [Adam] is from the groundground, land, earthʾōyēbʾōyēb [oh, you have] an enemy ?enemybāśārIt’s bāśār [bizzare] to eat meat with the skin on.flesh, meat, skinbərîtgəbûlḥayilMoses bərît(ed) [berated] them for bərît(ing)[breaking] the covenant.[FS is marked by the ִ ית ending]the border of the territory of the gəbûlborders gəbûl [get full]The Nazi army said ‘ḥayil Hitler’.[This is NOT a segholate noun because thediphthong ִ ֫ ַ י is one syllable, not two. §3.10]Word[F] ֶ֫אבֶ ן א ֲָדמָ ה איֵב ֹ בָ שָ ר covenant[F] ְׂב ִרית ּגְׂ בול border, boundary, territory ֫ ַחיִ ל strength, wealth, armyḥesedḥesed [he said] he has loyalty, faithfulness,steadfast love, and lovingkindness.loyalty, faithfulness,steadfast love,lovingkindness ֫ ֶחסֶ ד ḥōdešWe’ll have a hoe-down dish [this] month.month, new moon ֹ֫ח ֶדש yādA yād [yard] in my handhand; side, poweryādôt[plural of ]יָד handsmāwetmāwet [went] to heaven upon her death.[This is a MS noun. The ֶ ת ending is unaccented,death, dyingso it is not the FS ending.][It is not segholate because ֫ ָ ֶו is a diphthong]môt[MS construct of ]מוֶת ָ ֫ [general rule: ֫ ָ ֶו ]ֹו death ofmaṭṭêWhat’s the maṭṭê with your tribe’s staff?[Nouns that end in ֫ ֶ ה are masculine]staff, rod, tribemidbār[F] יָד יָדֹות [M] ֫ ָמוֶת מֹות מַ טֶ ה ִמ ְׂדבָ ר wilderness, desert, pasture עֹוד ʿôdI ʿôd him money again.again, still, as long asʿētthe ʿēt [eighth] timetime, point of timeʿōlâʿōlâ(caust) [holocaust] a burnt offeringwhole burnt offering עֹ לָ ה pānîm[This is plural, but it means ‘face’ not ‘faces’.][The lexical form (singular) פָ נֶה never occurs.]face, front פָ נִ ים J Beckman 2017.06.08HebrewSyntax.orgCopy freely[F] עֵ ת

Chapter 10 – Hebrew Construct Chain12TransliterationpənêMnemonicIn Genesis 32:30 Jacob called the place pənê -elbecause he saw the face [ ]פנֵי ְׂ of God [ ]אֵ ל [construct of ]פָ נִ ים a flock of sheep and goats in my ṣōʾn [zone]BBH2 VocabularyMeaningWord ְׂפנֵי face of, front ofa flock on (i)ṣōʾn [its own]flock(s),flock of sheep and goatsreḡelthe reḡel [regal] foot of a king.footkol-[construct of ]כֹל [This form was listed in chapter 6, but it isrepeated here because this is when we knowwhat ‘construct form’ means]all of, each of, every one of כָ ל־ ʾăbî[construct of ]אָ ב father of א ֲִבי ʾăḥî[construct of ]אָ ח brother of א ֲִחי ʾēšet[construct of ]אשָ ה ִwife ofṣōʾnCopy freelyHebrewSyntax.org צ ֹאן [F] ֶ ֫רגֶל ֵ֫אשֶ ת 2017.06.08 J Beckman

BBH VocabularyChapter 11 – Hebrew Numbers13Chapter 11 – Hebrew � [ah, ma]! I hurt my forearm![ ‘ אָ ָמה female slave’ vs. אַ מָ ה Dagesh in forearm]cubit, forearmʾēmʾēm [aim] to please your mothermotherbeḡedzeraʿThe beḡed -ar [beggar] had little clothing.He beḡed for baggy clothes.Is zeraʿ [there a] seed in there?zeraʿ [Sarah] bore Abraham’s seed.Word אַ מָ ה [F]clothing, garment, covering ֶ֫בגֶד seed, offspring, descendants ֶז ַ֫רע חָ צֵ ר ḥāṣērḥāṣēr [hot-air] in the courtyard and village.courtyard, village, settlementlaylâ[This is a masculine singular noun. The ָ ה ending on this word is unaccented, so it is notthe fs noun ăśênaʿarnaḥălâ[M] לַ֫ יְׂ לָ ה לָ כֵ ן thereforeWe need môʿēd [mo’ aid] at the appointed time atthe meeting place/assembly.CJ maḥănê has a church camp and an army ofSovereign Grace churches.[Nouns that end in ֫ ֶ ה are masculine]Malachi ַמ ְׂלאָ ִכי malʾāk[i] ‘my messenger’ is thelast messenger in the Old TestamentI have maʿăśê(ve) amounts of work to do.[Nouns that end in ֫ ֶ ה are masculine]appointed time (of feast),meeting place, assembly מֹועֵ ד camp, army חנֶה ֲ ַ מ messenger, angel מַ ְׂלאָ ְך work, deed, act מַ עֲשֶ ה There is naʿar(y) [nary] a youth or servant here.boy, youth, servantnaḥălâ [not a lot] of possessions.inheritance, property,possessionDid you get a big inheritance? naḥălâ [not a lot]ʿāwōn [Avon] is a transgression. אֵ ם ַנ֫עַ ר ַנחֲלָ ה Who can atone for my ʿāwōn (transgression)?transgression, iniquity, guilt,punishment (of sin) עָ ֹון qerebTake qereb [care of] your organs and body.inner part(s), organ(s), body ֶ֫ק ֶרב bəqereb ְׂב ֶ֫ק ֶרב in inner part(s)in the middle of, among ְׂב ֶ֫ק ֶרב raqHe should use a pan, but however he still only putit on the raq [rack].only, still, but, however ַרק ʿāwōnpeace, welfare, wholeness,deliverancešālômšāmThere was a šām [sham] there, then, at that time.there, then, at that timetāmîdtāmîd [Tammy] is continually herecontinually J Beckman 2017.06.08HebrewSyntax.org שָ לֹום שָ ם ּתָ ִמיד Copy freely

Chapter 12 – Introduction to Hebrew Verbs14BBH2 VocabularyChapter 12 – Introduction to Hebrew VerbsTransliterationMnemonicMeaningWordʾākaleat ʾākal [a cal a calorie][1G] to eat, consume אָ כַ ל ʾāmarʾāmar(riage) begins when you say ‘I do!’[1G] to say, mention, think אָ מַ ר hālakhālak [a lack] of walking[1G]hāyâBe a karate kid; say hay-yah!Related to ‘ יהוה I am’yāṣāʾto go, walk, behave, die, passaway הָ לַ ְך to be, become, happen, occur הָ יָה In yāṣāʾ [Yatzee], the dice come out [1Yod , 3 ]א יָצָ א yāšabSit down when yāšab [ya shave].yāšab [yes have] a seat.to go out, go forth, come out,come forthto sit (down), remain, dwell,[1Yod] inhabit יָשַ ב nātannātan-el means ‘Gift of God’[1Nun] to give, put, setʿāśâʿāśâ [a saw] makes things. ַמעֲשֶ ה means ‘deed’.[1G, 3 ]ה to do, make, create [ אָ ָסא עָ שָ ה King] Asa did, made, and created. עָ שָ ה rāʾâCheer “rāʾâ” when you see it. ָראָ ה šābatrest on šābat [the Sabbath]šāmaʿThe šāmaʿ [Shema] is “Hear O Israel, the LORDto hear, listen to, understand,our God, the LORD is one.”[3 ]חע obeyʾărônminḥâ[1G, 3 ]ה נָתַ ן [2G, 3 ]ה to see, perceive, understand שָ בַ ת to stop, cease, restʾărôn [Aaron] with the ark.The ark was ʾărôn [alone].ark, chest, coffina minḥâ is an offering (Greek coin Lk 19)gift, offering, tributešabbāt שָ מַ ע אֲרֹון ִמנְׂ חָ ה Sabbath, period of rest שַ בָ ת ʾakSurely only ʾak[ach]med canonly, surely, nevertheless אַ ְך ʾalSing “ אַ ל , ל ֹא , not, no.” ל ֹא & אַ ל both have א which looks like X for ‘no’Distinguish from ‘ עַ ל on’, where the ע looks like ashovel for shoveling stuff ‘on’no, not אַ ל ʾimʾim(agine) if if ִאם lōʾSing “ אַ ל , ל ֹא , not, no.” ל ֹא & אַ ל both have א which looks like X for ‘no’no, not ל ֹא Copy freelyHebrewSyntax.org2017.06.08 J Beckman

BBH VocabularyChapter 13 Qal Perfect – Strong Verbs15Chapter 13 Qal Perfect – Strong ��s scribe bārak [Baruch] is blessed. ְׂב ָרכָ ה blessing.bārak Obama’s name means blessing [2 ]ר Where is zākar. [the car]? Remember![ ‘ זָכָ ר man, male’ (ch25) has different vowels]When you are old, you need zāqēn [the cane][In chapter 7 this is the noun ‘elder’ and theadjective ‘old’][Tsere stative]ḥāzaq [Ha Zach]! You’re strong![Patach stative]yādaʿ-yādaʿ-yādaʿ. I know that already![1Yod, 3 ]חע Word בָ ַרְך to blessto remember, recall, call tomind, mentionto be(come) old[ch7: adjective ‘old’;noun ‘elder’]to be(come) strong, grow firm,have courage זָכַ ר to know, know sexually,have understanding י ַָדע kābēd כָ בֹוד glory, honor, possessionsto be heavy, be honored[Tsere stative] כָ בֵ ד kātabThe kātab(im) ( תובים ִ )כ ְׂ are the writings. כָ תַ ב zākarzāqēnḥāzaqyādaʿto write (upon) register, record זָקֵ ן חָ זַק To be full after a mālēʾ [Malay] feast.mālēʾ מָ לֵ א to be full, fillIn the mālēʾ [melee], the ring was full.[3 א , Tsere stative]to be(come) king or queen, ֫ ֶמלֶ ְך is kingreign, rule מָ לַ ְך māṣāʾFind the hidden māṣāʾ [matzo] at Passover[3 ]א to find (out), reach, obtain מָ צָ א pāqadCaptain Jean Luc pāqad [Picad] likes to visitthe planets and to number them. פָ קַ ד mālakšākabšālaḥšāmar J Beckman 2017.06.08to attend, pay attention to, takecare of, number, appoint, visitto lie down, have sexualintercourseStretch out something before putting a šālaḥto send, stretch out[shellac] on it.[3 ]חע to watch (over), guard, keep,Imagine a šāmar(uai) guarding a palace.observe, protectHebrewSyntax.orgCopy freely שָ כַ ב שָ לַ ח שָ מַ ר

Chapter 14 Qal Perfect – Weak Verbs16BBH2 VocabularyChapter 14 Qal Perfect – Weak VerbsTransliterationMnemonicbôʾEnter with your bôʾbānâBuild with bānâ(nas)yāladBear a child ( ) ֫ ֶילֶ ד [biconsonantal, 3 ]א to go in, enter, come to בָ נָה [1Yod] to bring forth, bear יָלַ ד Fear yārēʾ [the ray] of the sun.[1Yod, 2 ר , 3 א , Tsere stative]yārad [Ya’ rath]er go down hill.[1Yod , 2 ]ר Take lāqaḥ [la-cache]to fear, be afraid,be in awe of י ֵָרא to go down, come down,descendto take, grasp, capture,[3 ]חע seize, lay hold of י ַָרד It’s mût [moot] if you die.[Distinguish this from ‘ מֹות death of’, which is theto dieconstruct of ;מוֶת ָ ֫ see the vocabulary for ch 10.][biconsonantal, Tsere stative]to fall, fall prostrate,Do‘nāp̄al [Don’ fall!][1Nun]fall uponto lift, carry, raise, bearThe nāśāʾ rocket lifts a satellite into space.(load or burden), take[1Nun, 3 ]א awayGo up singing “ʿālâ, la la la la.”ʿābarPass over ʿābar when pole vaulting[1G]ʿāmad boy standing[1G]qûmqārāʾśîmšûbpô בֹוא to build (up), build(establish) a family[3 ]ה ʿālâʿāmadWord לָ קַ ח מות נָפַ ל נָשָ א עָ לָ ה [1G, 3 ]ה to go up, ascendto pass over, pass through,pass by, cross עָ בַ ר to stand (up), stand still,The running back ʿāmad Rashad stood at the line of take one’s standscrimmageJesus told the dead girl, “Talitha qûm!”to rise, arise, get up, standwhich means, “little girl, get up!”[biconsonantal]to call, summon,qārāʾ! [Kara] I’m calling you to read aloud.[2 ר , 3 ]א proclaim, announce, readaloudto set (up), put, place,Put it on the śîm [seam].[biconsonantal]lay (upon), establishto turn back, return, goDon’t šûb [shove]. Turn back.[biconsonantal]backWe’re pô [poor] here.here, at this placepôst here. עָ מַ ד Copy freelyHebrewSyntax.org קום קָ ָרא ִשים שוב פֹה 2017.06.08 J Beckman

BBH VocabularyChapter 15 Qal Imperfect – Strong Verbs17Chapter 15 Qal Imperfect – Strong nâMnemonicMeaningWord ַחי living, alive; ַחייִ ם life, lifetime[Don’t confuse with ‘ ָהיָה to be’]to live, be alive, stay alive,[1G, 3 ]ה revive, restore to lifeyākōl [Ya, coal] is able[1Yod, holem stative] to be able, be capable of,endure, prevail, beyākōl [Yeah ho!], we are able; we will prevail!victorious[In a covenant-making ceremony, animals were cut apart]to cut off, cut down,[2 ]ר make a covenantTurn aside and leave the sûr [sewer].to turn aside, turn off,A sûr pipe turning.leave[Don’t confuse with שור to wrestle][biconsonantal] ֫ ֶע ֶבד servant[Don’t confuse with אָ ַבד to perish]to work, serve, toil, till,[1G] cultivateto answer, respond, reply,Answer me, ʿānâ! [Anna]testify[Don’t confuse with אָ נָה to lament][1G, 3 ]ה [ch27: (D) to afflict,[This is a homonym of (‘ עָ נָה D) to afflict, oppress,oppress, humiliate,humiliate, violate’ in chapter 27]violate] חָ יָה ָיכֹל כָ ַרת סור עָ בַ ד עָ נָה ֹ֫אזֶן ʾōzenyour ears are (fr)ʾōzenearʾayila ram going down the ʾayil [aisle]gibbôrThe mighty Zsa Zsa gibbôrnoun: ram, ruleradj: mightyadj: mighty, valiant,heroicnoun: herozebaḥ ִמזְׂ ֵ֫ב ַח altara sacrificeṣədāqâ צָ ִדיק righteous, justrighteousness,righteous act, justiceṣāp̄ônṣāp̄ôn [phone] north.north, northernʾāzDorothy in ʾāz, wondering what to do then.[Distinguish from with עַ ז strong, עֹ ז strength, and עֵ ז goat]then, since, beforeʾap̄It is ʾap̄-ten [often] also, indeed, even a nose, nostril, oranger.He even did that also? That’s ʾap̄(ul) [awful].[Its homograph אַ ף in chapter 9 means nose, nostril, anger]also, indeed, even[ch9: nose, nostril, anger] אַ ף penUse a pen, lest it be erased.lest, otherwise פֶ ן־ J Beckman 2017.06.08HebrewSyntax.org[F] ַ֫איִ ל ּגִ בֹור ֶז֫בַ ח ְׂצ ָדקָ ה [F]Copy freely צָ פֹון אָ ז

Chapter 16 Qal Imperfect – Weak Verbs18BBH2 VocabularyChapter 16 Qal Imperfect – Weak amkap̄rēaʿneḡedMnemonicMeaningWordJesus of gāʾal(ee) came to redeem and deliverus.[2G] to redeem, deliver,act as kinsman, avengeWine mixed with gāʾal was offered to Jesuswhen he was dying to redeem and deliver us ַחטָ את sin, sin-offering ּגָאַ ל to miss (a goal or mark), sin,[1G, 3 ]א commit a sinḥāṭāʾs [haters] sin and miss.Gen 30:24 Rachel named him yāsap̄ [Joseph]to add, continuesaying, “May YHWH add to me another son!”[1Yod]yāraš [You're rash] to dispossess others and take to inherit, take possession of,dispossess, take awaytheir inheritance.[1Yod, 2 ]ר someone’s propertyto cover, atone,kāp̄ar sounds like cover.make atonementto spread out, stretch out,It’s nāṭâ [not a] spread.[1Nun, 3 ]ה extend, pitch (a tent)to leave, forsake, abandon, set[1G]free, let go ָקרֹוב near, closeto approach, draw near, comeDraw near to take qārab [care of] someone. [2 ]ר nearto be(come) numerous, ַרב great, many[3 ]ה be(come) great, increasešātâ [Shut the] door and have a drink.The ice šātâ [should thaw] before you drink.to drinkHave a šātâ [shot of] something to drink! [3 ]ה It has to be complete for tāmam [the ma’am].to be(come) complete, cease,The tāmam(nator) [terminator] will completelycome to an end, be spent,end[geminate] be consumed, be burned outDon’t kap̄ [caugh] into the palm of your hand.A true friend and neighbor is rēaʿ [rare]rēaʿ [Ray A] is my friend.We are neḡed [naked] in front of God.Opposites neḡed [negate] each other.Copy freelyHebrewSyntax.orghand, palm, sole of foot[F] חָ טָ א יָסַ ף י ַָרש כָ פַ ר נָטָ ה עָ זַב קָ ַרב ָרבָ ה שָ תָ ה ּתָ מַ ם כַ ף friend, companion, neighbor ֵ ֫ר ַע opposite, in front of ֫ ֶנגֶד 2017.06.08 J Beckman

BBH VocabularyChapter 17 Waw Consecutive19Chapter 17 Waw adʾābad [Evade] the trap or perish.to perish, vanish,[1 ‘ א angry ba

6 Chapter 7 – Hebrew Adjectives BBH2 Vocabulary Copy freely HebrewSyntax.org 2017.06.08 J Beckman Chapter 7 – Hebrew Adjectives Translit. Mnemonic Meaning Word ʾeḥād ʾeḥād [I had] one one ָ ֶ gā dôl ו ָגּgāôl[ga Dole] bananas are great , big large