Transcription
Neutralization ReactionsMixing Acids & Bases
Acid/Base Neutralization A salt is any compound that can be derivedfrom the neutralization of an acid and a base. The word "neutralization" is used because theacid and base properties of H and OH- aredestroyed or neutralized. In the reaction, H and OH- combine to formHOH or H2O (water molecules). A neutralization reaction is a type of doublereplacement reaction.
Writing neutralization equationsWhen acids and bases are mixed, a salt forms NaOH HCl H2O NaClbase acid water saltThe cation (metal) from the base and the anionacid join to form the salt. The OH from the baseand the H from the acid join to form water .
Writing neutralization equationsExample: Write the chemical reaction when lithiumhydroxide is mixed with carbonic acid.Step 1: write out the reactants LiOH H2CO3 Step 2: determine products (make sure the salt iswritten with correct subscripts! Refer to Oxidation Chart.)H2O 1 2Li2CORemember the “criss-cross”3 method-Ch. 20LiOH H2CO3 Li2CO3 H2O
Writing neutralization equationsRemember balancing equations Ch. 21 (use coefficients only)Step 3: balance the equation2LiOH H2CO3 Li2CO3 2H2Olithium hydroxide carbonic acid lithium carbonate water
Writing neutralization equationsExample: Complete the neutralization reaction Ca(OH)2 H2SO4 Step 1: already completed for you Ca(OH)2 H2SO4 Step 2: determine products (make sure the salt iswritten with correct subscripts! Refer to Oxidation Chart.) 2 2H2O Ca SOCharge of cation equals the4charge of the anion noneed to add subscripts.
Writing neutralization equationsRemember balancing equations Ch. 21 (use coefficients only)Step 3: balance the equationCa(OH)2 H2SO4 2 H2O CaSO4calcium hydroxide sulfuric acid calcium sulfate water
Writing neutralization equationsExample: Complete the neutralization reaction iron(II) hydroxide phosphoric acidStep 1: write out the reactants (make sure the acidand base are written with correct subscripts! Oxidation Chart.) 2 1 1 3Fe(OH) H3PO4 2Think “criss-cross” Method.Fe(OH)2 H3PO4
Writing neutralization equationsStep 2: determine products (Is the salt written withcorrect subscripts? Oxidation Chart.) Fe(OH)2 H3PO4 2 3H2O Fe PO4H2O Fe3(PO4)2Remember balancing equations Ch. 21 (use coefficients only)Step 3: balance the equation3Fe(OH)2 2H3PO4 6 H2O Fe3(PO4)2iron II hydroxide phosphoric acid iron II phosphate water
PracticeWrite balanced chemical equations forthese neutralization reactions.1) Ba(OH)2 HCl2) calcium hydroxide nitric acid3) Al(OH)3 H2SO44) KOH HClO2
a) Ba(OH)2 2HCl BaCl2 2H2Obarium hydroxide hydrochloric acid barium chlorideb) Ca(OH)2 2HNO3 Ca(NO3)2 2H2Ocalcium hydroxide nitric acid calcium nitratec) 2Al(OH)3 3H2SO4 Al2(SO4)3 6H2Oaluminum hydroxide sulfuric acid aluminum sulfated) KOH HClO2 KClO2 H2Opotassium hydroxide chlorous acid potassium chlorite
A neutralization reaction is a type of double replacement reaction. Writing neutralization equations When acids and bases are mixed, a salt forms NaOH HCl H 2 O NaCl base acid water salt The cation (metal) from the base and the anion acid join to form the salt. The OH from the base and the H from the acid join to form water . Example: Write the chemical reaction when .File Size: 820KBPage Count: 11
