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The History of ElectronicsThe men that came up with all thoseformulas, theories and laws we have toknow!

History of ElectronicsAncient Rome had batteries (Did they knowwhat they were doing?)Ancient Greece developed a knowledge of‘Steam power’ (didn’t want to get theirhands dirty!)Understanding started laterWhen should we start?

ElectricityDozens of people ResponsibleResearch took several hundred yearsMost theories/information developed by1900

ElectronicsMany individuals contributedElectrical experiments and information builtthe ‘base’ for ElectronicsAssociated with Wireless developmentsGenerally regarded as ‘starting’ about 1900

William Gilbert1544-1603Wrote De magneteResearched Magnetics& Static ElectricityDistinguished betweenMagnetism and staticelectricity

Leyden JarWas the first CapacitorDeveloped by Pietervan Musscenbroech

Benjamin Franklin1706-1790Writer and ScientistResearched ElectricityResearched Weather &MeteorologyDefined Positive &Negative ChargesHad many otherinventions!

Charles Coulomb1736-1806Experimented inmechanical resistanceDeveloped Coulomb’sLaw for electrostaticcharges

Luigi Galvani1737-1798Studied effects ofelectricity on Frogs!Revealed animals hadand were effected byelectricity.

Alessandro Volta1745-1827Very Interested inElectrical experimentsgoing on in late 1700’sInvented the battery

Hans Christian Oersted1777-1851Demonstrated thatelectricity effectedmagnetismInitiated the study ofElectromagnetismDiscovered Aluminum

Andre Ampere1775-1836French Mathematician& physicistInvented the SolenoidStudied the effects ofelectrical currents

Georg Simon Ohm1789-1854Experimented withElectrical circuitsMade his own parts including the wire!Discovered OHMS law- a relationship betweencurrent, voltage &resistance.

Michael Faraday1791-1867Great pioneeringexperimenter inelectricity andmagnetismdemonstratedelectromagneticinduction

James Prescott Joule1818-1889Discovered the Law ofConservation of EnergyThe unit of energy,Joule, is named in hishonor

Gustav Robert Kirchhoff1824-1887Known for his work onthe SpectroscopeDeveloped Kirchhoff’sLaws

Sir Charles Wheatstone1806-1876Early work on thetelegraph, photography,& electricityDeveloped theConcertina (accordian)Found uses for theWheatstone Bridge

Early Wheatstone MusicalInstruments

Early Wheatstone Concertinas

James Clerk Maxwell1831-1879Wrote Treatise onElectricity andMagnetism in 1873The equations in itexplained Faraday’sWork and predictedHertz’s work

Heinrich Rudolph Hertz1857-1894Demonstrated theelectromagneticradiation predicted byMaxwellFirst to demonstrate thephotoelectric effect

Wilhelm Rontgen1845-1923Discovered X-Rays in1895X-rays were used bydoctors within monthsMax von Laue provedthey wereelectromagnetic innature later (1940’s)

Thomas Alva Edison1847-19311093 patents includingphonograph,incandescent lamp,much moreObserved the “Edisoneffect” while inventingthe electric lamp

Edison 1882 Patent Lamp(carbon filament)

Edison’s Kinetograph - the Motionpicture machine!The Sneeze an image fromthe first film!

The Phonograph

Nikola Tesla1856-1943Serbian-AmericanInventor and EngineerInvented: ACgenerators, distributionsystem and ACinduction motorsHated by Edison

Guglielmo Marconi1874-1937Patented RadioTelegraphy in 18961901 transmittedsignals across theAtlantic OceanNobel Prize in Physicsin 1909

Marconi Receiving Station, Canada

Marconi & an Early Radio Set

Menlo Park LaboratoryWorld’s First Industrial Lab!

John Ambrose Fleming1849-1945Student of Maxwell’sWorked for Edison thenMarconiInvented the FlemingValve - the firstelectronic rectifier ordiode (1904)

The Fleming ValveEarly FlemingValvesThe valve used in a circuit

Lee De Forest1873-1961Held 300 patents1906 - invented theAudion tube, the firstTriode vacuum tube1912 cascade his tubesto increaseamplification

Lee Dee Forest’s Triode ‘Valve’

Walter Schottky1886-1976Had multipleDoctoratesDefined ‘shot noise’ random electron noisein thermionic tubes1919 invented themultiple grid vacuumtube

Edwin Howard Armstrong1890-1954Invented regenerativefeedback and electronicoscillators1917 invented thesuperheterodyne radio1933 patented FM radio(wideband)

Harold Stephen Black1898-19831927 invented the ideaof negative feedback toimprove distortioncharacteristics inamplifiersNo pictureavailable (wasprobably feelingpretty negativeabout itanyway?!)

Philo Taylor Farnsworth1906-19711922 (age 14!) inventedan electronic TVsystem1927 patented his TVsystemLitigation with RCAended in 1939-RCAagreed he won!

William Bradford Shockley1910-1989Worked with Brattainand Bardeen on a teamthat invented thejunction transistorShared the 1956 Nobelprize with Brattain andBardeen

Walter H. Brattain1902-1987Worked on Radarsilicon detectorsWorked on the teamthat invented thejunction transistorShared the 1956 NobelPrize with Bardeen andShockley

John Bardeen1908-1991Developed a theory ofquantum surface statesof electrons which ledto the invention of thejunction transistorShared in the 1956Nobel Prize withShockley and Brattain

Where do we end?This is really only the beginning - changesin electronics seem to be happening almostdaily!

The History of Electronics The men that came up with all those formulas, theories and laws we have to know! History of Electronics Ancient Rome had batteries (Did they know . Microsoft PowerPoint - History of Electronics elec