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CCNA Routingand Switching200-125Exam CramAnthony Sequeira, CCIE No. 15626Pearson800 East 96th StreetIndianapolis, Indiana 46240 USA

CCNA Routing and Switching 200-125 Exam CramCopyright 2017 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved. No part of this book shall be reproduced, stored in aretrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical,photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission fromthe publisher. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of theinformation contained herein. Although every precaution has been takenin the preparation of this book, the publisher and author assume noresponsibility for errors or omissions. Nor is any liability assumed fordamages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.Editor-in-ChiefMark TaubProduct LineManagerBrett BartowDevelopmentEditorChristopher A.ClevelandISBN-13: 978-0-7897-5674-9ISBN-10: 0-7897-5674-9Library of Congress Control Number: 2016961093Printed in the United States of AmericaFirst Printing: February 2017TrademarksAll terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or servicemarks have been appropriately capitalized. Pearson IT Certification cannotattest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book shouldnot be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark.Warning and DisclaimerEvery effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurateas possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied. The information providedis on an “as is” basis. The author and the publisher shall have neither liabilitynor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damages arising from the information contained in this book or from the use ofthe supplementary online content.Special SalesFor information about buying this title in bulk quantities, or for special salesopportunities (which may include electronic versions; custom cover designs;and content particular to your business, training goals, marketing focus,or branding interests), please contact our corporate sales department atcorpsales@pearsoned.com or (800) 382-3419.For government sales inquiries, please contactgovernmentsales@pearsoned.com.For questions about sales outside the U.S., please contactintlcs@pearson.com.Managing EditorSandra SchroederProject EditorMandie FrankCopy EditorChristopher MorrisIndexerCheryl LenserProofreaderSathya RaviTechnical EditorKeith BarkerPublishingCoordinatorVanessa EvansDesignerChuti PrasertsithCompositorcodeMantra

Contents at a GlanceIntroductionPart I: Network Fundamentalsxviii1CHAPTER 1Network Fundamentals: Models and DesignsCHAPTER 2Network Fundamentals: IPv437CHAPTER 3Network Fundamentals: IPv657Part II: LAN Switching Technologies377CHAPTER 4LAN Switching Technologies: Switching Concepts79CHAPTER 5LAN Switching Technologies: VLANs, Trunks,and STP97CHAPTER 6LAN Switching Technologies: EtherChannel andSwitch StackingPart III: Routing Technologies129143CHAPTER 7Routing Technologies: Routing Concepts145CHAPTER 8Routing Technologies: Inter-VLAN Routing159CHAPTER 9Routing Technologies: Routing Methods175Routing Technologies: Static Routing andDynamic Routing187CHAPTER 10Part IV: WAN Technologies225CHAPTER 11WAN Technologies: WAN Options227CHAPTER 12WAN Technologies: eBGP245CHAPTER 13WAN Technologies: QoS255Part V: Infrastructure Services263CHAPTER 14Infrastructure Services: DNS, DHCP, NTP, HSRP265CHAPTER 15Infrastructure Services: NAT299

ivCCNA Routing and Switching 200-125 Exam CramPart VI: Infrastructure Security313CHAPTER 16Infrastructure Security: Access Layer Security, AAA315CHAPTER 17Infrastructure Security: ACLs329CHAPTER 18Infrastructure Security: Device Hardening347Part VII: Infrastructure Management363CHAPTER 19Infrastructure Management: SNMP, Syslog, IP SLA365CHAPTER 20Infrastructure Management: Device Management377CHAPTER 21Infrastructure Management: Initial DeviceConfiguration387CHAPTER 22Infrastructure Management: Device Maintenance399CHAPTER 23Infrastructure Management: IOS Troubleshooting Tools409CHAPTER 24Infrastructure Management: Network Programmability431Part VIII: Command Reference, Practice Exams,and Glossary439Command Reference441Practice Exam 1453Answer Key to Practice Exam 1469Practice Exam 2477Answer Key to Practice Exam 2503Glossary511Index531

ContentsIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviiiPart I: Network Fundamentals1CHAPTER 1:Network Fundamentals: Models and Designs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Topic: Compare and contrast OSI and TCP/IP models . . . . . . . . . .Topic: Compare and contrast TCP and UDP protocols . . . . . . . . .Topic: Describe the impact of infrastructure components in anenterprise network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Topic: Describe the effects of cloud resources on enterprise networkarchitecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Topic: Compare and contrast collapsed core and three-tierarchitectures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Topic: Compare and contrast network topologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Topic: Select the appropriate cabling type based on implementationrequirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Topic: Apply troubleshooting methodologies to resolve problems . . .Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Answers to Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Additional Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. . 11. . 15. . 18. . 22. . 25.2831333536CHAPTER 2:Network Fundamentals: IPv4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Topic: Configure, verify, and troubleshoot IPv4 addressing andsubnetting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Topic: Compare and contrast IPv4 address types . . . . . . . . . . .Topic: Describe the need for private IPv4 addressing . . . . . . . .Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Answers to Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Additional Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .384750535556CHAPTER 3:Network Fundamentals: IPv6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Topic: Identify the appropriate IPv6 addressing scheme to satisfyaddressing requirements in a LAN/WAN environment . . . . . . . . . . . 58Topic: Configure, verify, and troubleshoot IPv6 addressing . . . . . . . . . 62Topic: Configure and verify IPv6 Stateless AddressAuto Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

viCCNA Routing and Switching 200-125 Exam CramTopic: Compare and contrast IPv6 address typesReview Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Answers to Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Additional Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Part II: LAN Switching Technologies6972747577CHAPTER 4:LAN Switching Technologies: Switching Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79Topic: Describe and verify switching concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Topic: Interpret Ethernet frame format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Topic: Troubleshoot interface and cable issues (collisions, errors,duplex, speed) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Answers to Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Additional Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80. . . . 85.88949596CHAPTER 5:LAN Switching Technologies: VLANs, Trunks, and STP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97Topic: Configure, verify, and troubleshoot VLANs (normal range)spanning multiple switches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Topic: Configure, verify, and troubleshoot interswitch connectivityTopic: Configure, verify, and troubleshoot STP protocols . . . . . . .Topic: Configure, verify, and troubleshoot STP-related optionalfeatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Topic: Configure and verify Layer 2 protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Answers to Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Additional Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99. . . 107. . . 111.119122125126127CHAPTER 6:LAN Switching Technologies: EtherChannel and Switch Stacking . . . . . . 129Topic: Configure, verify, and troubleshoot (Layer 2/Layer 3)EtherChannel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Topic: Describe the benefits of switch stacking and chassisaggregation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Answers to Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Additional Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130.137139140141

viiContentsPart III: Routing Technologies143CHAPTER 7:Routing Technologies: Routing Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145Topic: Describe the routing concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Topic: Interpret the components of routing table . . . . . . . . .Topic: Describe how a routing table is populated by differentrouting information sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Answers to Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Additional Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146. . . . . . . 148.153156157158CHAPTER 8:Routing Technologies: Inter-VLAN Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159Topic: Configure, verify, and troubleshoot inter-VLAN routing.Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Answers to Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Additional Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160171172173CHAPTER 9:Routing Technologies: Routing Methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175Topic: Compare and contrast static routing and dynamic routing . . .Topic: Compare and contrast distance vector and link staterouting protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Topic: Compare and contrast interior and exterior routing protocolsReview Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Answers to Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Additional Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176.179181183184185CHAPTER 10:Routing Technologies: Static Routing and Dynamic Routing . . . . . . . . . . 187Topic: Configure, verify, and troubleshoot IPv4 andIPv6 static routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Topic: Configure, verify, and troubleshoot single area and multi-areaOSPFv2 for IPv4 (excluding authentication, filtering, manualsummarization, redistribution, stub, virtual-link, and LSAs) . . . . . . .Topic: Configure, verify, and troubleshoot single area and multi-areaOSPFv3 for IPv6 (excluding authentication, filtering, manualsummarization, redistribution, stub, virtual-link, and LSAs) . . . . . . .Topic: Configure, verify, and troubleshoot EIGRP for IPv4(excluding authentication, filtering, manual summarization,redistribution, and stub) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189. 193. 199. 202