Transcription
AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015An American National StandardStructuralWelding Code —SteelAmerican Welding Society
AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015An American National StandardApproved by theAmerican National Standards InstituteJuly 28, 2015Structural Welding Code—Steel23rd EditionSupersedes AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2010Prepared by theAmerican Welding Society (AWS) D1 Committee on Structural WeldingUnder the Direction of theAWS Technical Activities CommitteeApproved by theAWS Board of DirectorsAbstractThis code covers the welding requirements for any type of welded structure made from the commonly used carbon andlow-alloy constructional steels. Clauses 1 through 9 constitute a body of rules for the regulation of welding in steelconstruction. There are nine normative and eleven informative annexes in this code. A Commentary of the code isincluded with the document.
AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015ISBN: 978-0-87171-864-8 2015 by American Welding SocietyAll rights reservedPrinted in the United States of AmericaPhotocopy Rights. No portion of this standard may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in anyform, including mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyrightowner.Authorization to photocopy items for internal, personal, or educational classroom use only or the internal, personal, oreducational classroom use only of specific clients is granted by the American Welding Society provided that the appropriatefee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, tel: (978) 750-8400; Internet: www.copyright.com .ii
AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015Statement on the Use of American Welding Society StandardsAll standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the AmericanWelding Society (AWS) are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of theAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI). When AWS American National Standards are either incorporated in, ormade part of, documents that are included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmental bodies, their provisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AWS standards must be approved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part of thoselaws and regulations. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other document thatinvokes the AWS standards. Where this contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of anAWS standard must be by agreement between the contracting parties.AWS American National Standards are developed through a consensus standards development process that bringstogether volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus. While AWS administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate,or verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards.AWS disclaims liability for any injury to persons or to property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whetherspecial, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or relianceon this standard. AWS also makes no guarantee or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein.In issuing and making this standard available, AWS is neither undertaking to render professional or other services for oron behalf of any person or entity, nor is AWS undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someoneelse. Anyone using these documents should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek theadvice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. It isassumed that the use of this standard and its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and competent personnel.This standard may be superseded by the issuance of new editions. This standard may also be corrected through publication of amendments or errata, or supplemented by publication of addenda. Information on the latest editions of AWSstandards including amendments, errata, and addenda is posted on the AWS web page (www.aws.org). Users shouldensure that they have the latest edition, amendments, errata, and addenda.Publication of this standard does not authorize infringement of any patent or trade name. Users of this standard acceptany and all liabilities for infringement of any patent or trade name items. AWS disclaims liability for the infringement ofany patent or product trade name resulting from the use of this standard.AWS does not monitor, police, or enforce compliance with this standard, nor does it have the power to do so.On occasion, text, tables, or figures are printed incorrectly, constituting errata. Such errata, when discovered, are postedon the AWS Webpage (www.aws.org).Official interpretations of any of the technical requirements of this standard may only be obtained by sending a request,in writing, to the appropriate technical committee. Such requests should be addressed to the American Welding Society,Attention: Managing Director, Technical Services Division, 8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166 (see Annex N).With regard to technical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered.These opinions are offered solely as a convenience to users of this standard, and they do not constitute professionaladvice. Such opinions represent only the personal opinions of the particular individuals giving them. These individualsdo not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpretations ofAWS. In addition, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpretation.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS D1 Committee on Structural Welding. It must be reviewedevery five years, and if not revised, it must be either reaffirmed or withdrawn. Comments (recommendations, additions,or deletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving this standard are required and should be addressedto AWS Headquarters. Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS D1 Committee on StructuralWelding and the author of the comments will be informed of the Committee’s response to the comments. Guests areinvited to attend all meetings of the AWS D1 Committee on Structural Welding to express their comments verbally. Procedures for appeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are provided in the Rules of Operation of theTechnical Activities Committee. A copy of these Rules can be obtained from the American Welding Society, 8669 NW36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166.iii
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AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015DedicationThis 23rd edition of AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015, StructuralWelding Code—Steel, is dedicated by the D1 Committeeon Structural Welding and the D1Q Subcommittee onSteel Structures to Keith Landwehr. In his 15 years ofservice, Keith contributed 30 years of expertise to thedevelopment of the D1.1, Structural Welding Code—Steel, D1.4, Structural Welding Code—Reinforcing Steel,D1.8, Structural Welding Code—Seismic Supplement,and other national standards. The D1 community willforever miss Keith for his commitment, but more importantly, for his friendship and wise counsel, and hopesthat this dedication will inspire the structural weldingcommunity to excellence as Keith did in his service.v
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AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015PersonnelAWS D1 Committee on Structural WeldingA. W. Sindel, ChairT. L. Niemann, Vice ChairR. D. Medlock, 2nd Vice ChairJ. Molin, SecretaryF. G. ArmaoE. L. BickfordT. M. BurnsH. H. Campbell, IIIR. D. CampbellR. B. CorbitM. A. GriecoC. W. HolmesJ. J. KenneyJ. H. KieferS. W. KoppV. KuruvillaJ. LawmonN. S. LindellD. R. LucianiP. W. MarshallM. J. MayesD. L. McQuaidJ. MerrillD. K. MillerJ. B. Pearson, Jr.D. C. PhillipsD. D. RagerT. J. SchlaflyD. R. ScottR. E. Shaw, Jr.R. W. StieveM. M. TayaraniP. Torchio, IIID. G. YantzAlstom Power Steam, IncorporatedMinnesota Department of TransportationHigh Steel Structures, LLCAmerican Welding SocietyThe Lincoln Electric CompanyAcute Technological ServicesAlcoTec Wire CorporationPazuzu EngineeringBechtelCB&IMassachusetts Department of TransportationModjeski and Masters, IncorporatedShell International E & PConocoPhillips Company (Retired)High Steel Structures, LLCGenesis Quality SystemsAmerican Engineering & Manufacturing, IncorporatedOregon Iron Works, IncorporatedCanadian Welding BureauMHP Systems EngineeringMayes Testing Engineers, IncorporatedD. L. McQuaid and Associates, IncorporatedAMEC E&IThe Lincoln Electric CompanyLTK Engineering ServicesHobart Brothers CompanyRager Consulting, IncorporatedAmerican Institute of Steel ConstructionPSI, Incorporated (Retired)Steel Structures Technology Center, IncorporatedParsons CorporationMassachusetts Department of Transportation (Retired)Williams Enterprises of Georgia, IncorporatedCanadian Welding BureauAdvisors to the D1 Committee on Structural WeldingW. G. AlexanderN. J. AltebrandoE. M. BeckB. M. ButlerR. A. DennisG. L. FoxH. E. GilmerG. J. HillWGAPESTV, IncorporatedAMECWalt Disney World CompanyConsultantConsultantTampa Tank-Florida Structural SteelG. J. Hill and Associates, Incorporatedvii
AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015Advisors to the D1 Committee on Structural Welding (Continued)M. L. HoitomtJ. W. PostK. K. VermaB. D. WrightHoitomt Consulting ServicesJ. W. Post & Associates, IncorporatedConsultantAdvantage Aviation TechnologiesAWS D1Q Subcommittee on SteelT. Schlafly, ChairP. Torchio, III, Vice ChairJ. Molin, SecretaryM. BernasekE. L. BickfordJ. W. CagleH. H. Campbell, IIIW. P. CapersR. V. ClarkeD. A. DunnM. E. GaseW. S. HoustonM. J. JordanJ. J. KenneyJ. H. KieferL. A. KloiberS. W. KoppV. KuruvillaK. LandwehrD. R. LucianiP. W. MarshallR. P. MarslenderG. S. MartinM. J. MayesJ. MerrillJ. I. MillerS. P. MoranJ. C. NordbyD. D. RagerD. R. ScottR. E. Shaw, Jr.A. W. SindelR. W. StieveS. J. ThomasR. H. R. TideJ. L. WarrenAmerican Institute of Steel ConstructionWilliams Enterprises of Georgia, IncorporatedAmerican Welding SocietyC-specAcute Technological ServicesC P Buckner Steel Erection, IncorporatedPazazu EngineeringWalt Disney World CompanyTEAM Industrial Services, IncorporatedPSI, Incorporated (Retired)Midwest Steel IncorporatedPro-Weld Stud Welding AssociatesJohnson Plate and Tower FabricationShell International E & PConocoPhillips Company (Retired)LeJeune Steel CompanyHigh Steel Structures, LLCGenesis Quality SystemsConsultantCanadian Welding BureauMHP Systems EngineeringKiewit Offshore Services, Ltd.GE Oil & GasMayes Testing Engineers, IncorporatedAMEC E&IChevronWeir American HydroEntergyRager Consulting, IncorporatedPSI, Incorporated (Retired)Steel Structures Technology Center, IncorporatedAlstom Power Steam, IncorporatedParsons CorporationConsultantWiss, Janney, Elstner AssociatesCB&IAdvisors to the D1Q Committee on SteelN. J. AltebrandoU. W. AschemeierB. M. ButlerH. A. ChambersH. E. GilmerM. A. GriecoJ. GuiliSTV, IncorporatedSubsea Global SolutionsWalt Disney World CompanySNH Market ConsultantsTampa Tank-Florida Structural SteelMassachusetts Department of TransportationTru-Weld Equipment Companyviii
AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015Advisors to the D1Q Committee on Steel (Continued)C. W. HayesR. L. HoldrenC. W. HolmesW. Jaxa-RozenJ. E. KoskiN. S. LindellD. L. McQuaidR. D. MedlockD. K. MillerJ. A. PackerJ. B. Pearson, Jr.D. C. PhillipsJ. W. PostM. M. TayaraniJ. L. UebeleK. K. VermaP. WorkmanD. A. WrightD. G. YantzThe Lincoln Electric CompanyArc SpecialitiesModjeski and Masters, IncorporatedBombardier TransportationStud Welding Products, IncorporatedOregon Iron WorksD. L. McQuaid and Associates, IncorporatedHigh Steel Structures, LLCThe Lincoln Electric CompanyUniversity of TorontoLTK Engineering ServicesHobart Brothers CompanyJ. W. Post and Associates, IncorporatedMassachusetts Department of Transportation (Retired)Waukesha County Tech CollegeConsultantTru-WeldWright Welding TechnologiesCanadian Welding BureauD1Q Subcommittee Task Group on DesignW. P. Capers, ChairT. Green, Vice ChairB. M. ButlerD. B. FerrellW. Jaxa-RozenM. J. JordanJ. J. KenneyL. A. KloiberP. W. MarshallJ. M. OcelJ. A. PackerJ. B. Pearson, Jr.T. J. SchlaflyR. E. Shaw, Jr.R. H. R. TideWalt Disney World CompanyWiss, Janney, Elstner AssociatesWalt Disney World CompanyFerrell Engineering, IncorporatedBombardier TransportationJohnson Plate and Tower FabricationShell International E & PLeJeune Steel CompanyMHP Systems EngineeringFederal Highway AdministrationUniversity of TorontoLTK Engineering ServicesAmerican Institute of Steel ConstructionSteel Structures Technology Center, IncorporatedWiss, Janney, Elstner AssociatesAdvisors to the D1Q Subcommittee Task Group on DesignO. W. BlodgettJ. DesjardinsJ. L. WarrenThe Lincoln Electric Company (Retired)Bombardier TransportationCB&ID1Q Subcommittee Task Group on PrequalificationD. R. Luciani, Co-ChairP. Torchio, III, Co-ChairC. Zanfir, Vice ChairW. J. BellH. H. Campbell, IIIK. LandwehrP. W. MarshallCanadian Welding BureauWilliams Enterprises of Georgia, IncorporatedCanadian Welding BureauAtlantic Testing LaboratoriesPazuzu EngineeringConsultantMHP Systems Engineeringix
AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015D1Q Subcommittee Task Group on Prequalification (Continued)J. I. MillerS. P. MoranJ. C. NorbyR. E. Shaw, Jr.A.W. SindelChevronWeir American HydroEntergySteel Structures Technology Center, IncorporatedAlstom Power Steam, IncorporatedAdvisor to the D1Q Subcommittee Task Group on PrequalificationJ. L. WarrenCB&ID1Q Subcommittee Task Group on QualificationT. C. Myers, ChairS. J. Findlan, Vice ChairM. BernasekE. L. BickfordM. G. CollinsM. W. ElsemoreM. J. HarkerR. L. HoldrenJ. J. KenneyJ. H. KieferR. P. MarslenderD. W. MeyerD. D. RagerA. W. SindelD. A. StickelB. M. TothJ. L. UebeleConsultantCB&I PowerC-specAcute Technological ServicesConocoPhillips CompanyThe Boeing CompanyIdaho National LaboratoryArc SpecialtiesShell International E & PConocoPhillips Company (Retired)Kiewit Offshore Services, Ltd.ESAB Welding & Cutting ProductsRager Consulting, IncorporatedAlstom Power Steam, IncorporatedCaterpillar, IncorporatedCB&IWaukesha County Technical CollegeAdvisors to the D1Q Subcommittee Task Group on QualificationD. R. Lawrence IIG. S. MartinD. C. PhillipsK. K. VermaJ. L. WarrenD. G. YantzConsultantGE-Oil & GasHobart Brothers CompanyConsultantCB&ICanadian Welding BureauD1Q Subcommittee Task Group on FabricationH. E. Gilmer, ChairJ. I. Miller, Vice ChairS. E. AndersonW. J. BellH. H. Campbell, IIIR. V. ClarkeM. E. GaseM. A. GriecoC. HansonR. L. HoldrenC. W. HolmesJ. H. KieferTampa Tank-Florida Structural SteelChevronHRV Conformance VerificationAtlantic Testing LaboratoriesPazuzu EngineeringTEAM Industrial Services, IncorporatedMidwest Steel, IncorporatedMassachusetts Department of TransportationADF Group, IncorporatedArc SpecialtiesModjeski & Masters, IncorporatedConocoPhillips Company (Retired)x
AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015D1Q Subcommittee Task Group on Fabrication (Continued)S. W. KoppV. KuruvillaK. LandwehrE. S. LaPannC. A. MankenbergG. S. MartinE. S. MattfieldR. D. MedlockJ. E. MellingerR. L. MertzHigh Steel Structures, LLCGenesis Quality SystemsConsultantConsultantShell International E & PGE-Oil & GasStonebridge Steel ErectionHigh Steel Structures, LLCPennoni Associates, IncorporatedAlta Vista SolutionsAdvisors to the D1Q Subcommittee Task Group on FabricationW. G. AlexanderB. AndersonJ. W. CagleR. A. DennisG. L. FoxG. J. HillD. L. McQuaidJ. E. MyersJ. W. PostT. J. SchlaflyJ. SokolewiczR. H. R. TideK. K. VermaJ. L. WarrenWGAPEMolex IncorporatedC. P. Buckner Steel Erection, IncorporatedConsultantConsultantG. J. Hill & AssociatesD. L. McQuaid & Associates, IncorporatedConsultantJ. W. Post and Associates, IncorporatedAmerican Institute of Steel ConstructionTrinity RailWiss, Janney, Elstner AssociatesConsultantCB&ID1Q Subcommittee Task Group on InspectionG. S. Martin, ChairP. G. Kinney, Vice ChairS. E. AndersonU. W. AschemeierR. V. ClarkeJ. M. DavisD. A. DunnK. R. FoglemanM. E. GaseH. E. GilmerC. W. HayesP. T. HayesR. K. HolbertS. W. KoppE. S. LaPannN. S. LindellC. A. MankenbergE. S. MattfieldJ. E. MellingerJ. MerrillR. L. MertzJ. B. Pearson, Jr.D. R. ScottGE-Oil & GasAcute Technological ServicesHRV Conformance VerificationSubsea Global SolutionsTeam Industrial Services, IncorporatedDavis NDE-Olympus NDTPSI, Incorporated (Retired)Valmont IndustriesMidwest Steel, IncorporatedTampa Tank-Florida Structural SteelThe Lincoln Electric CompanyGE Inspection Technologies LPAlstom Power Steam, IncorporatedHigh Steel Structures, IncorporatedConsultantOregon Iron Works, IncorporatedShell International E & PStonebridge Steel ErectionPennoni Associates, IncorporatedAMEC E&IAlta Vista SolutionsLTK Engineering ServicesPSI, Incorporated (Retired)xi
AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015D1Q Subcommittee Task Group on Inspection (Continued)D. G. YantzCanadian Welding BureauAdvisors to the D1Q Subcommittee Task Group on InspectionE. M. BeckS. M. DukeG. J. HillJ. H. KieferD. L. McQuaidK. J. SteinhagenR. W. StieveT. W. StudebakerK. K. VermaJ. L. WarrenMACTEC Engineering & ConsultingFlorida Department of TransportationG. J. Hill & AssociatesConocoPhillips Company (Retired)D.L. McQuaid & Associates, IncorporatedPSI, IncorporatedParsons CorporationSt. Louis TestingConsultantCB&ID1Q Subcommittee Task Group on Stud WeldingW. S. Houston, ChairU. W. Aschemeier, Vice ChairH. A. ChambersD. A. DunnJ. GuiliB. C. HobsonJ. E. KoskiD. R. LucianiC. W. MakarS. P. MoranP. Torchio, IIIM. M. TayaraniJ. L. UebeleP. WorkmanPro-Weld Stud Welding AssociatesSubsea Global SolutionsConsultantPSI, IncorporatedTru-Weld Equipment CompanyImage IndustriesStud Welding Products, IncorporatedCanadian Welding BureauCox IndustriesPDM Bridge, LLCWilliams Enterprises of Georgia, IncorporatedMassachusetts Department of Transportation (Retired)Waukesha County Technical CollegeTru-Weld Equipment CompanyAdvisors to the D1Q Subcommittee Task Group on Stud WeldingC. B. ChampneyR. D. CampbellJ. GuiliS. SchraffJ. L. WarrenNelson Stud WeldingBechtelTru-Weld Equipment CompanyNelson Stud WeldingCB&ID1Q Standing Task Group on TubularsJ. J. Kenney, ChairM. A. Grieco, Vice ChairE. L. BickfordR. V. ClarkeD. B. FerrellR. B. FletcherP. A. HuckabeeL. A. KloiberV. KuruvillaP. W. MarshallJ. MayneShell International E & PMassachusetts Department of TransportationAcute Technological ServicesTEAM Industrial Services, IncorporatedFerrell Engineering, IncorporatedAtlas TubeGill Engineering Associates, IncorporatedLeJeune Steel ConsultantGenesis Quality SystemsMHP Systems EngineeringValmont Industries, Incorporatedxii
AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015D1Q Standing Task Group on Tubulars (Continued)J. A. PackerR. SauseUniversity of TorontoATLSS Center Lehigh UniversityAdvisors to the D1Q Standing Task Group on TubularsJ. J. EdwardsM. J. MayesR. D. MedlockT. L. NiemannD. D. RagerT. J. SchlaflyA. W. SindelJ. L. WarrenDOT Quality ServicesMayes Testing Engineers, IncorporatedHigh Steel Structures, LLCMinnesota Department of TransportationRager Consulting, IncorporatedAmerican Institute of Steel ConstructionAlstom Power Steam, IncorporatedCB&ID1M Standing Task Group on New MaterialsJ. L. Warren, ChairT. J. Schlafly, Vice ChairW. P. CapersD. A. KochV. KuruvillaR. D. MedlockD. C. PhillipsJ. L. SchoenCB&IAmerican Institute of Steel ConstructionWalt Disney World CompanyBechtel National, IncorporatedGenesis Quality SystemsHigh Steel Structures, LLCHobart Brothers CompanyNucor-Yamato SteelAdvisors to the D1M Standing Task Group on New MaterialsB. M. ButlerC. W. HayesM. L. HoitomtJ. B. Pearson, Jr.J. W. PostD. D. RagerD. Rees-EvansA. W. SindelWalt Disney World CompanyThe Lincoln Electric CompanyConsultantLTK Engineering ServicesJ. W. Post & Associates, IncorporatedRager Consulting, IncorporatedSteel DynamicsAlstom Power Steam, Incorporatedxiii
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AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015ForewordThis foreword is not part of AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015, Structural Welding Code—Steel,but is included for informational purposes only.The first edition of the Code for Fusion Welding and Gas Cutting in Building Construction was published by the American Welding Society in 1928 and called Code 1 Part A. It was revised in 1930 and 1937 under the same title. It wasrevised again in 1941 and given the designation D1.0. D1.0 was revised again in 1946, 1963, 1966, and 1969. The 1963edition published an amended version in 1965, and the 1966 edition published an amended version in 1967. The codewas combined with D2.0, Specifications for Welding Highway and Railway Bridges, in 1972, given the designationD1.1, and retitled AWS Structural Welding Code. D1.1 was revised again in 1975, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984,1985, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1992, 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008 and 2010. A second printing ofD1.1:2010 was published in 2011. From 1972 to 1988, the D1.1 code covered the welding of both buildings and bridges.In 1988, AWS published its first edition of AASHTO/AWS D1.5, Bridge Welding Code; coincident with this, the D1.1code changed references of buildings and bridges to statically loaded and dynamically loaded structures, respectively, inorder to make the document applicable to a broader range of structural applications. After the publishing of the 2010 edition, it was decided that the AWS Structural Welding Code—Steel would be published on a five year revision cycleinstead of a two year revision cycle. This was done in order to sync the publication cycle of AWS Structural WeldingCode-Steel with the publication cycles of the AISC Steel Building Specification and the International Building Code.This 2015 edition is the 23rd edition of D1.1.Underlined text in the clauses, subclauses, tables, figures, or forms indicates a change from the 2010 edition. A verticalline in the margin of a table or figure also indicates a change from the 2010 edition.The following is a summary of the most significant technical changes contained in D1.1/D1.1M:2015:The 2015 edition of the code has been reorganized. The tubular provisions, tables, and figures previously locatedthroughout the code are now within Clause 9 entitled “Tubular Structures.” The reorganization required numerous reference changes and renumbering of the subclauses, tables, and figures. Many of the tables in Clause 4 contained provisions for Plate as well as Pipe or Tubing. The tables have been divided to only include Plate if contained in Clause 4 andPipe or Tubing if contained in Clause 9. This separation of the information contained in the tables also resulted in manychanges to the footnotes delineated in the tables.Clauses 1, 7, and 8 have only been slightly impacted by the reorganization. However, Clauses 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 have beengreatly impacted with the reorganization.Summary of ChangesClause/Table/Figure/AnnexModificationClause 2The most significant change to Clause 2 from the 2010 edition is that Part D entitled “SpecificRequirements for Design of Tubular Connections (Statically or Cyclically Loaded)” has beenrelocated to Clause 9.2.4.2.7Additional language was added regarding the calculation of effective throat of a combinationPJP flare bevel groove weld and fillet weld.xv
AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015Summary of Changes 9.3.5Added provisions for wrapping welds on opposite sides of a common plane to permit sealwelding.Table 2.5Fatigue curve cases and figures revised to agree with AISC 360.3.7.4Shielding gas provisions revised to permit the use of electrodes classified to AWS A5.36.3.13.2.1New subclause that provides conditions under which backing other than steel may be used inprequalified WPSs.Table 3.1Reformatted the table moving filler metals in corresponding groups in Table 3.2. Updated thelist of base metals permitted in prequalified WPSs and corrected the group of some base metalgrades.Table 3.2New table for filler metal requirements that contains the information previously contained inTable 3.1 with the addition of a classification for A5.36 for carbon and low-alloy steel electrodes for FCAW and metal cored electrodes for GMAW processes.Table 3.3(Previously Table 3.2) Revised the base metals to correspond with those in Table 3.1Table 3.4(Previously Table 3.3) Addition of AWS A5.36.Table 3.7(Previously Table 3.6) Clarification of a SAW parameter variable.Notes for Figures3.2 and 3.3Addition of note “O” permitting various orientations of connected elements in CJP Groove, T-,and Corner joints.Figure 3.5New figure for prequalified fillet weld joint details.Figure 3.6New figure for prequalified CJP groove, T-, and corner joints.4.12.3Restructured for easier reading.4.21(Previously 4.25, 4.26, 4.30) Reorganized “Extent of Qualification.”4.27.7(Previously 4.36.7) Clarified CVN Test requirements when sub-sized specimens are tested.Tables 4.1, 4.2, 4.3,4.4, 4.10, and 4.11The information found in the tables that referenced pipes and tubing are now contained in thetables found in Clause 9.Tables 4.5, 4.6, and4.9Added provisions for electrodes classified to AWS A5.36.5.3.2.5Additional language and clarification regarding baking requirements when welding with lowhydrogen electrodes for ASTM A514 and A517 steels.5.3.4Reorganized the list of AWS Filler metal specifications for GMAW and FCAW as well as addedAWS A5.36.5.6Clarified language regarding preheat and interpass temperatures.5.7Moved language regarding oxygen gouging to 5.14.6 and 5.25.5.8.1Revised for clarification.5.8.3Revised to delete ASTM A709 100 (690) and 100W (690W) and to include ASTM A709 GradeHPS 100W [HPS 690W] per ASTM.5.9(Previous 5.9 entitled “Backing, Backing Gas, or Inserts” was deleted) (Previously 5.10)Restructured for clarification.xvi
AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015Summary of Changes 9.1.3(Previously 5.10.3) “Backing Thickness” was revised to make a general requirement that steelbacking be of sufficient thickness to prevent melt-through. The explicit thicknesses previouslyrequired were moved to commentary as recommendations.5.14.1–5.14.4(Previously 5.15) Substrate cleanliness requirements were significantly revised.5.14.6(Previously 5.15.2) Revised to clarify when oxygen gouging is permitted.5.17.2(Previously 5.18.2) Revised for clarity regarding when locations of the depth of the web fromtension flanges of beams or girders are considered outside the tension zone.5.19(Previously 5.20) Revised provisions regarding the location and sequence of member and elementsplices.5.25(Previously 5.26) Revised to limit oxygen gouging to as-rolled steels.Table 5.8(Previously Table 5.9) Note c revised to clarify when welds are exempt from reinforcement andconvexity limitations.Table 5.9(Previously Table 5.10) Minimum allowable convexity was eliminated from Schedule D foroutside corner joints. Table footnote b was rewritten regarding restriction on convexity wasreplaced with a note regarding concavity and now applies to Schedules B and D.6.4.2Revised to clarify as to what a welder, welding operator, or tack welder must demonstrate, whentheir work appears to be below the requirements of the code.6.4.3Revised to include tack welder.6.10Revised to replace “applicable requirements” with “acceptance criteria.”6.11Revised to remove ASTM A709 Grades 100 and 100W and include ASTM A709 Grade HPS100W [HPS 690W].6.21.1(Previously 6.22.1) Reference added to new Table 6.8 showing qualification and calibrationrequirements.6.24.2Revised to clarify when calibration for sensitivity and horizontal sweep shall be made.Table 6.1Revised to remove ASTM A709 Grades 100 and 100W and include ASTM A709 Grade HPS100W [HPS 690W].Tables 6.4 and 6.5Revised to remove the tubular provisions, now contained in Tables found in Clause 9.Table 6.8New table added to clarify UT equipment qualification and calibration requirements.Clause 9The tubular provisions extracted from the 2010 code were virtually unchanged when relocatedto Clause 9.9.6.1.6(Previously 2.25.1.6) The definition of 12 was revised to remove the word “chord.”9.18(Previously 4.21) Revised to clarify what type of welds do not require tubular qualification.Table 9.1New table developed from the tubular provisions contained in Table 2.5 of the previous edition.The content pertinent to nontubular members remained in Table 2.5Tables 9.9, 9.10,9.11, 9.12, 9.13, and9.14New tables developed from the tubular provisions in the previous edition of Clause 4. The contentpertinent to nontubular members remains in Clause 4.xvii
AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2015Summary of Changes bles 9.16, 9.17,9.18, and 9.19New tables developed from the tubular provisions in the previous edition of Clause 6. The contentpertinent to nontubular members remains in Clause 6.Table 9.5(Previously Table 2.9) Addition of footnote “a” for clarification.Figure 9.6(Previously Figure 2.18) Dimension labels in the figure were revised for clarification.Figure 9.29(Previously Figure 6.4) Footnotes revised to remove the exception for T-,Y-, and K-connections.Figure 9.30(Previously Figure 6.5) Note to disregard discontinuities below the scanning level was deletedfrom the figure and the placement of the Accumulative Discontinuities arrow was revised forclarification.Annex AFigures added to clarify effective throat for various joint types and combinations.Annex I(Previously Annex J) Definitions for the symbols l2, rm, tw were revised and a new symbol rwand its definition were added corresponding to changes in Figure 9.6.Annex J(Previously Annex K) Term
Welding Code—Steel, is dedicated by the D1 Committee on Structural Welding and the D1Q Subcommittee on Steel Structures to Keith Landwehr. In his 15 years of service, Keith contributed 30 years of expertise to the development of the D1.1, Structural Welding Code— Steel, D1.4, St
