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Basis of Design Document – Utilities Design (AIMS)Contract Number 41N2391183Antarctic Support ContractMcMurdo Station, AntarcticaSECTION 2A.CIVIL AND SITE WORKExisting Site and Utilities Description1.McMurdo Station, Antarctica is located on the southwestern tip of Ross Island. TheStation site, as defined for this Project, consists of the area bounded by WinterQuarters Bay on the west, Observation Hill and the Tank Farm on the east,McMurdo Sound on the south, and Fortress Rocks on the north. The Station isapproximately 140 acres, containing buildings, utilities, roadways, and otherinfrastructure to support the National Science Foundation’s (NSF) mission ofscience and exploration through the United States Antarctic Program (USAP).2.The existing exterior utility distribution systems at the Station consist primarily ofindividual and a collection of Arctic pipes on aboveground pipe racks supported bystanchions, with the collective system known also as “utilidor”. Arctic piperepresents the most obvious component of utilities within the Station. Arctic pipe isa system of interior carrier pipe(s) surrounded by heat trace elements, insulationand an outer corrugated metal pipe (CMP) jacket.Individual arctic pipes arecurrently protected from freezing via the use of electric resistive heat tracing.Existing utilidors span the Station site from the Power Plant (Building 196) areanorth to the Vehicle Maintenance Facility (VMF, Building 143) and to the Tank Farmto the east, with systems concentrated on the south side of Scott Base Road.Existing utilidors convey a range of utilities to buildings and facilities, includingpotable water, fire suppression water, seawater, heat distribution loop (hydronic)supply and return, fuel, sanitary sewer, communications, and power. Conventionalutility poles and overhead distribution are also present for communications andpower.3.At some areas, primarily at road crossings, the existing aboveground utilidor systemtransitions to a belowground system to allow vehicle circulation through the Station.These belowground crossings utilize a culvert system to convey the utilities to theother side of the road or obstruction. In a few instances, Arctic pipe systems andmetal conduit are directly buried beneath the soil. In other instances, such as fuellines, outer casing pipes are placed around the interior carrier pipe and then thisdouble-piped system is directly buried beneath the soil.AIMS6Executive SummaryJuly 2017

Basis of Design Document – Utilities Design (AIMS)Contract Number 41N2391183Antarctic Support ContractMcMurdo Station, AntarcticaB.Concept of New Utilities System1.With the implementation of the McMurdo Master Plan (MP), Pre-AIMS, and AIMSprojects, a series of new facilities will be constructed to support the NSF’s mission.The primary goal of the new construction to upgrade facilities is to increaseefficiency of operations and the research mission at the Station. Several existingfacilities will be demolished as new facilities are constructed and brought online.NSF’s requirements for the Station’s capabilities will remain the same so allactivities currently supported in the existing Station will be present in the newfacilities, and will be expected to be performed more efficiently. The Station’s utilitynetwork will be modified to meet the new goals and facilities, including removingand replacing elements of the existing utility distribution systems.2.The purpose of this Utilities design is to serve the new facilities as they are broughtonline and to continue services to existing facilities. Some existing facilities willremain in the final Station condition (i.e. after AIMS and MP completion) while otherexisting facilities will continue to support the NSF science mission until they arereplaced by new facilities and subsequently demolished.This Project focuses on the exterior utility distribution systems at the Station; nowork associated with this Project will occur within the existing Station productionfacilities (Power Plant Building 196, Water Treatment Plant Building 198, andWastewater Treatment Plant Building 199 (WWTP)), unless otherwise noted. Thecurrent treated water production, current wastewater loading and treatment, andcurrent power production remain as they are today.3.The routing of new utilities as proposed in this design is based on the currentunderstanding of Pre-AIMS and AIMS construction and facility phasing (see Section1, Part B).4.Merrick & Company established high-level goals in generating this design including:a. Reduction of reliance on heat tracing for primary freeze protection of the waterdistribution system by utilizing heat sourced from the hydronic system.b. Design of looped water distribution system where possible to provideredundancy and more robust infrastructure in case of emergency ormaintenance.AIMS7Civil and Site WorkJuly 2017

Basis of Design Document – Utilities Design (AIMS)Contract Number 41N2391183Antarctic Support ContractMcMurdo Station, Antarcticac. Standardization of systems to reduce spare part inventory (and associatedallocated space) and to reduce the training necessary to maintain systems.d. Reduction of energy usage (e.g., heat loss from outdoor runs of the hydronicloop).e. Efficient planning for location and utility needs associated with both existing andproposed facilities, understanding that some existing facilities will persist wellinto the future and others will only remain active until new facilities allow for theirdemolition.f.Fully supporting new and existing facilities at the end of each constructed phasewithout reliance on future phases to complete a system.g. Eliminating or mitigating potential conflicts between phased facility constructionand existing facilities that need to remain operational.h. Maximizing reliance on gravity for sanitary sewer mains. (New alignments will beplaced at slopes greater than 0.5% prescribed in the IPC.)i.5.Reduction of pedestrian and vehicle conflicts with the utility distribution systems.To the maximum extent possible, this design will incorporate Station utility runs(utilidors) within new facilities.This approach takes advantage of the ambientbuilding heat for the utilities for freeze protection, which lessens heat trace energyneeds. This approach results in a reduction of per-foot cost of piping, since internalutility runs will not need heat trace, insulation, or CMP exterior jacketing. Further,efficiency and safety are gained through the ability to perform maintenance andrepair for a larger portion of the overall utilities network in all weather conditions.6.In locations where utilities cannot be placed within buildings, aboveground utilidors,belowground concrete utility trenches, and direct-bury utility mains (in a small areasupporting the GC Staging Area), are designed in descending order of desirability.a. Aboveground utilidors will look much like the current systems in use at theStation currently, with Arctic piping and cable trays installed on pipe racks andstanchion supports. Some aboveground locations in this Project will install newutility lines on existing utilidors.AIMS8Civil and Site WorkJuly 2017

Basis of Design Document – Utilities Design (AIMS)Contract Number 41N2391183Antarctic Support ContractMcMurdo Station, Antarcticab. A below grade pre-cast concrete utility trench, consisting of a box culvert with aremovable lid, will be a method of conveying underground utilities. The utilitytrench will be composed of pre-cast sections placed at prescribed grades.Depending on location and surrounding grade, the trench will be either partiallyburied or fully buried (primarily at road crossing locations).c. Direct-bury wet utility mains (water and sewer) will be placed to support thetemporary GC Staging Area. Refer to the communications and powerdistribution sections of this document for further information on those utilities.7.For water, sewer, and heat loop systems, Arctic pipe systems with insulation andheat trace (as backup freeze protection) are designed. Communications conduits ina direct-bury application will also have heat trace installed as backup freezeprotection. Pipelines without insulation or heat trace will be the norm for fuel linessince there is no risk of freezing. All Arctic pipe systems are proposed to be CMPjacketed, whether they are aboveground or below. Specific information on eachutility system is further defined in the paragraphs below.8.Sanitary sewer design follows to maximum extent guidance within the InternationalPlumbing Code.a. Pipes slopes are above the minimums dictated in Table 704.1. Althoughaboveground alignments are placed on stanchions following existing grades,changes in slopes are minimized to avoid hydraulic jumps.b. Cleanouts are placed on the sanitary lines to meet the intent of the Code withsections of lines within one hundred feet of a cleanout where possible.Cleanouts are also placed in locations where a horizontal change in directionexceeds forty-five degrees.(continued next page)AIMS9Civil and Site WorkJuly 2017

Basis of Design Document – Utilities Design (AIMS)Contract Number 41N2391183Antarctic Support ContractMcMurdo Station, AntarcticaC.Analysis of AIMS Utility NeedsFigure 2.1 Site Plan1.VEOC and GC Staging AreaThe first facility to be constructed as a part of the AIMS project will be the GeneralContractor Staging area (GC Staging Area) or the Vehicle Equipment OperationsCenter (VEOC). The ultimate configuration of this facility is still unknown as it is aDesign-Build project. Per conversations with Leidos, the GC Staging Area will beconstructed initially and the full VEOC facility will be constructed later. Additions tothe GC Staging Area will result in the facility becoming the VEOC.Since the GC Staging Area will be constructed prior to the completion of CoreFacilities (and the new utility mains within), the new GC Staging Area utilities willtie-in to utilities provided by this Project.AIMS10Civil and Site WorkJuly 2017

Antarctic Support ContractMcMurdo Station, AntarcticaBasis of Design Document – Utilities Design (AIMS)Contract Number 41N2391183To this end, a new permanent utilidor will be constructed from the area north ofBuilding 210 and Building 211 (to be demolished by AIMS), extended northeastunder Scott Base Road west of Building 140, and terminate at a location which willserve the fully-completed VEOC facility. The tie-in near Buildings 210 and 211 willbe aboveground and will then transition to a concrete utility trench for crossing ofScott Base Road. North of Scott Base Road, a portion of the utilidor will beaboveground in the Building 140 area and then transition back underground into aconcrete utility trench to the termination for VEOC. From this interim termination,temporary direct-bury utilities will extend southeast to the GC Staging Area. Thesetemporary utilities will ultimately be removed when the full VEOC facility isconstructed.a. VEOC and GC Staging Area Water Supply and DistributionA new 8-inch HDPE carrier pipe (within Arctic pipe system) will connect to theexisting 6-inch bondstrand carrier pipe near Building 210 and will be routedthrough the new utilidor as described above. The line will extend through thepermanent portion of the utilidor and will also contain direct-bury temporarymain to serve the GC Staging Area. In the interim prior to the demolition ofBuilding 211, the existing water service line feeding Building 211 will need tobe reconnected to this new water main.Until Core Facilities and the new water distribution improvements arecompleted, the GC Staging Area and eventually the VEOC will rely on theexisting water distribution system, including the existing high-capacity 1,000gpm pump located in Building 194. Design analysis has indicated the watersystem will not be capable of providing fire flow requirements for the VEOC.To address this shortcoming, a fire water booster pump should be provided inthe VEOC to augment pressure for fire suppression needs in accordance withthe requirements set forth by the VEOC fire protection system designengineer.b. GC Staging Area Sanitary SewerA new 6-inch HDPE carrier pipe (within Arctic pipe system) will connect to theexisting 6-inch bondstrand carrier pipe near Building 210 and will be routedthrough the utilidor as described above. The sewer main will extend throughAIMS11Civil and Site WorkJuly 2017

Antarctic Support ContractMcMurdo Station, AntarcticaBasis of Design Document – Utilities Design (AIMS)Contract Number 41N2391183the permanent portion of the utilidor leading to the GC Staging Area/VEOCsite and will also join water lines in being temporarily direct-buried to serve thesite until VEOC is completed and GC Staging Area functions have ceased. Inthe interim prior to the demolition of Building 211, the existing sewer serviceline associated with Building 211 will need to be reconnected to this newsewer main.c. GC Staging Area Fuel DistributionCurrently, there is no fuel distribution main in the immediate vicinity of the GCStaging Area that could be tapped for building heating needs. In lieu ofconstructing a long service line from an available fuel pipeline, the GC StagingArea will temporarily utilize a local day tank fuel storage tank (not a part of thisProject) until the Core Facilities mains are constructed. In preparation for thefinal configuration, a permanent 2-inch uninsulated steel fuel main will beprovided within the utilidor system described above and will extend from thefuture connection point north of Core Facilities to the permanent VEOCtermination point. These fuel mains will be ready for connection to the finalpermanent configuration when Core Facilities work is completed, but they willremain capped and empty until that time.A separate and distinct element of the existing fuel distribution system willneed to be modified prior to GC Staging Area construction. Due to the gradingactivities associated with site preparation for GC Staging Area /VEOC, theexisting fuel line utilidor east of the 340-series warehouse buildings will needto be relocated further east. This work will be a necessary part of this Project.The new fuel lines will match the existing utilidor configuration, design, andsetup as the system currently in place, an aboveground pipe rack system.d. GC Staging Area Hydronic DistributionSimilar to fuel distribution pipelines, there is no available hydronic tie-in withinthe vicinity of the GC Staging Area. Permanent hydronic supply and returnlines will be installed within the utilidor as described above for fuel, but will notultimately be connected until Core Facilities mains are available. Temporaryhydronic distribution to the GC Staging Area is not necessary since othermethods of heating are available (fuel oil boilers, etc.).AIMS12Civil and Site WorkJuly 2017

Antarctic Support ContractMcMurdo Station, Antarctica2.Basis of Design Document – Utilities Design (AIMS)Contract Number 41N2391183Core FacilitiesThe Core Facilities component of the AIMS portion of the McMurdo Master Planconsists of the Central Services, Emergency Operations, Field Science Support,and Trades buildings. This Project includes new utility systems that will be built tosupport the new Core Facilities and will include water, sewer, fuel, hydronic,power, and communications lines. In keeping with Merrick & Company’s high-levelutility design goals, this Project plans for significant portions of the Station utilitymain distribution system to be routed through the Core Facilities.The Core Facilities project is a separate design-build (D-B) contract and is not apart of this Project. The ultimate configuration of utility mains through the facilitywill be the responsibility of the successful D-B Core Facilities team. This Projectwill route distribution mains to the future building location and accommodate futureconnection points that Core Facilities designers can use in their work.a. Core Facilities Water Supply and DistributionThis Project produces a combined fire suppression and domestic waterdistribution system. The new Station water system will consist of a new waterstorage tank (to meet water reserve levels required for fire suppression needs),a new water Pump House, modifications to existing Building 194 (PumpHouse), new valves in Building 198 (Water Treatment Plant), and a waterdistribution main pipeline to the Core Facilities.A new water storage tank will be built southeast of the existing Building 198and the existing water Pump House Building 194 by this Project. The new tankwill augment the existing water storage tanks within and near Building 198.The four existing tanks provide a total volume of approximately 200,000gallons of reverse osmosis (RO) treated water. For the purposes of this design,a working volume of 180,000 gallons of RO-treated water was used forcalculations to allow for differences in volumes such as tanks not being fullytopped-off. The new water storage tank will provide approximately 70,000gallons of additional capacity, bringing the Station total to approximately250,000 gallons. This total amount of on-hand water will simultaneouslysupport fire suppression needs and uninterrupted provision of drinking waterfor Station personnel. (Refer to the technical memoranda “Fire Flow CriteriaAIMS13Civil and Site WorkJuly 2017

Antarctic Support ContractMcMurdo Station, AntarcticaBasis of Design Document – Utilities Design (AIMS)Contract Number 41N2391183Determination for Water System Design” (July 29, 2016) and “Water StorageTank Capacity Recommendation” (August 9, 2016), both prepared by Merrick& Company, for further information on capacity and storage calculations.) Thenew storage tank is sited to facilitate its operation at the same water levelelevations and system parameters of the existing tanks in Building 198.The new water Pump House will support and augment the existing Stationpumping capacity and distribution system. The new Pump House will contain adiesel-driven 1,500-gpm high-capacity pump to meet fire suppression waterdistribution pressures. It will also house smaller pumps and equipment tosupport recirculation of tempered water in the new water storage tank, theexisting water storage tanks, and within a water loop connecting all storagetanks.The new storage tank and new Pump House will tie-in to the existingdistribution system and will operate in tandem with the existing water storageand pumping facilities. A connection between the new Pump House and theexisting Pump House Building 194 will allow both to draw from the availablewater storage and an output connection from the new Pump House to theoverall distribution system will allow it to supply water to Station facilities.As a part of this Project, the existing 1,000-gpm electric-driven pump inBuilding 194 will be replaced with a new 1,500 gpm electric-driven pump. Thisconfiguration provides an equally capable redundancy as well as powerdiversification (diesel and electric) to allow full-capacity fire suppression waterin the event of an emergency.This Project includes new water distribution mains to connect the new tank andpump systems to the existing distribution system (as described above) andalso directly to the new Core Facilities. An 8-inch HDPE water main carrierpipe (within Arctic pipe) will be provided from the new Pump House area to thesouthwest corner of the Core Facilities.This Project will increase water main capacity between the existing storagetanks in Building 198 and Building 194 by increasing pipe diameter to 10-inchHDPE carr

IEEE Standard 142-2007 - Recommended Practice for Grounding Industrial . IEEE Standard 242-2001 - Recommended Practice for Protection and Coordination of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems (Buff Book) p. IEEE Standard 399 - Recommended Practices for Industrial and Commercial Power System Analysis q.