PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS AND GASES - Elsevier

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Elsevier USJob Code:CAPAChapter:0capaappC22-12-20065:31 p.m.Page:827Trimsize:8.5 in 11 inAppendix CPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS AND GASESTABLES OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS 3C-14C-15C-16C-17C-18C-19C-20Density of LiquidsViscosity of GasViscosity of LiquidsHeat Capacity of GasHeat Capacity of LiquidThermal Conductivity of GasThermal Conductivity of Liquids and SolidsSurface Tension of Organic LiquidsVapor PressureEnthalpy of VaporizationEnthalpy of FormationGibbs Energy of FormationSolubility in Salt WaterSolubility of Organic Compounds in Water as aFunction of TemperatureHenry’s Law Constant for Gases in Water as a Functionof TemperatureSolubility of Selected Gases in Water as a Function ofTemperatureSolubility of Sulfur Compounds in Water as a Functionof Boiling Point for Mercaptans and AromaticsC-21C-22Solubility of Naphthenes in WaterSolubility of Nitrogen Compounds in WaterHenry’s Law Constant for Nitrogen Compounds inWaterCoefficient of Thermal Expansion of LiquidsAdsorption Capacity of Activated CarbonFURTHER READING1. Yaws, C.L., Chemical Properties Handbook: Physical, Thermodynamic, Environmental, Transport, Safety, and Health RelatedProperties for Organic and Inorganic Chemicals, McGraw-Hill,1995.2. Yaws, C.L., J.R. Hopper, and R.W. Pike, “Calculating Solubility andHenry’s Law Constants for Gases in Water”, Chem. Eng., Jun 1999,p. 102.3. Yaws, C.L., J.R. Hopper, Sunil R. Mishra, and R.W. Pike, “Solubilityand Henry’s Law Constants for Amines in Water”, Chem. Eng., Aug2001, p. 84.4. Yaws, C.L., P. Bajaj, H. Singh, and R.W. Pike, “Solubility and Henry’sLaw Constants for Sulfur Compounds in Water”, Chem. Eng., Aug 2003,p. 60.827Fonts used:Times & Universal 55 familyMargins:Top:3p6Gutter:4p6Font Size:9/10 ptText Width:41p6Depth:65 Lines

Elsevier USJob Code:CAPAChapter:0capaappC22-12-20065:31 p.m.Page:828Trimsize:8.5 in 11 in828 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS AND GASESTABLE C-1Density of Liquids(ρ L – g/ml, T – K)ρ L A B–(1 – diene1,4-Dioxane1-Butanol (n-Butanol)1-Butene1-Decene1-Nonane (n-Nonane)1-Octene1-Propanol (n-Propanol)AcetaldehydeAcetic acidAcetic anhydrideAcetoneAcrylic acidAmmoniaAnilineBenzeneButyric acidCarbon disulfideCarbon dioxideCarbon monoxideCarbon anolCyclopropaneDichloromethaneDiethyl etherDiethyl ketoneDimethylamineEthaneEthanolEthyl acetateEthyl chlorideEthylbenzeneEthyleneEthylene glycolEthylene oxideFluorineGlycerolHydrogenHydrogen chlorideHydrogen cyanideHydrogen peroxidei-Butane (iso-Butane)MethaneMethanolFonts used:Times & Universal 55 190.58512.58Font Size:9/10 .14190.58512.58Text Width:41p6ρ L at 25 h:65 Lines

Elsevier USJob Code:CAPAChapter:0capaappC22-12-20065:31 p.m.Trimsize:8.5 in 11 inPage:829APPENDIX C829TABLE C-1—(continued)ρ L A B–(1 – T/ Tc)n(ρ L– g/ml, T – K)ANo.FormulaSubstance52 CH3BrMethyl bromide0.6085953 CH3ClMethyl chloride0.35821Methyl isobutyl ketone0.2665454 C6H12OMethylamine0.2016855 CH5Nm-Xylene0.2786656 C8H1057 C10H8Naphthalene0.3061958 C4H10n-Butane0.2282759 C10H22n-Decane0.2327660 C7H16n-Heptane0.2323761 C6H14n-Hexane0.2324262 C6H5NO2Nitrobenzene0.3614063 N2Nitrogen0.3120564 C9H20n-Nonane0.2336465 C8H18n-Octane0.2280766 C5H12n-Pentane0.2314367 O2Oxygen0.4353368 C8H10o-Xylene0.2838169 C6H6OPhenol0.4147670 C8H10p-Xylene0.2798471 C5H5NPyridine0.30752Styrene0.2938372 C8H873 C7H8Toluene0.2999974 C4H6O2Vinyl acetate0.3184375 H2OWater0.34710ρ L – density of liquid, g/mlA, B, n, and Tc – regression coefficients of chemical compoundT – temperature, KTmin – minimum temperature, KTmax – maximum temperature, KFonts used:Times & Universal 55 .79524.00647.13Font Size:9/10 0.37694.25616.26619.95648.00591.79524.00647.13ρ L at 25 8650.9261.027Text Width:41p6Depth:65 Lines

Elsevier USJob Code:CAPAChapter:0capaappC22-12-20065:31 p.m.Trimsize:8.5 in 11 inPage:830830 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS AND GASESTABLE C-2 Viscosity of GasµG A BT CT 2No.FormulaSubstanceBCTminTmaxµ G at 25 Cµ G at Tminµ G at 45–8.293 5 5C4H61,3-Butadiene10.256 701 3.4988E–01–5.3736E–057C4H10O1-Butanol H81-Butene–9.143 -Nonane (n-Nonane)11C8H161-Octene12C3H8O1-Propanol (n-Propanol)13C2H4OAcetaldehyde14C2H4O2Acetic acid–19.216–12.9914.015 1.8083E–01–3.8216E–054441000–76.77–6.802 2 69 28.6602.3510E–0115C4H6O3Acetic anhydride–1.485 Acetone–4.055 3H4O2Acrylic acid–6.532 18NH3Ammonia–7.874 019C6H7NAniline–6.918 0C6H6Benzene–0.151 1C4H8O2Butyric acid–5.781 22CS2Carbon disulfide–7.700 3CO2Carbon dioxide11.811 2324COCarbon monoxide23.811 25CCl4Carbon tetrachloride–7.745 26CHCl3Chloroform–4.392 27Cl2Chlorine–3.571 H7NDimethylamine35C2H636C2H6O37C4H8O2381.190 521 27337.55Diethyl ether–7.932 Diethyl ketone–3.593 –9.275 thane0.514 Ethanol1.499 Ethyl acetate–9.259 C2H5ClEthyl chloride0.458 9C8H10Ethylbenzene–4.267 C2H4Ethylene–3.985 0–7.178 3.1246E–01261.25–20.37241C2H6O2Ethylene glycol42C2H4OEthylene rogen cyanide48H2O2Hydrogen peroxide49C4H10i-Butane 0100093.2477.15286.94–0.811 rogen27.758 Hydrogen chloride–9.118 5–8.486 9.0368E–027.9146E–05300425–25.7544.228.039 2.7000E–018.2900E–05373600–120.24199.81Fonts used:Times & Universal 55 family–12.180–23.119–4.731 3.844 ��14.236 Margins:Top:3p6Gutter:4p6Font Size:9/10 ptText Width:41p6Depth:65 Lines

Elsevier USJob Code:CAPAChapter:0capaappC22-12-20065:31 p.m.Trimsize:8.5 in 11 inPage:831APPENDIX C831TABLE C-2—(continued)µG A BT CT 2No .Formula52 CH 3 Br53 CH 3 Cl54 C 6 H 12 O55 CH 5 NµG at TminµG at TmaxTminTmax µG at 25 CMethyl bromide–27.740 5.5901E–01 –7.0942E–05260440132.62112.81Methyl chloride–1.374 3.8627E–01 –4.8650E–05230700109.4784.90245.18Methyl isobutyl ketone–3.237 2.3310E–01 bstanceABMethylamine–5.334 3.4181E–0156 C8H10–21.620 2.7820E–01m-XyleneNaphthalene–16.789 2.5406E–0157 C10H858 C4H10n-Butane–4.946 2.9001E–0159 C10H22n-Decane–7.297 1.8506E–0160 C7H16n-Heptane–10.378 2.4401E–01n-Hexane–8.222 2.6229E–0161 C6H14Nitrobenzene–16.569 2.9184E–0162 C6H5NO263 N2Nitrogen42.606 4.7500E–0164 C9H20–6.802 1.8688E–01n-Nonane65 C8H183.940 1.6640E–01n-Octane66 C5H12–3.202 2.6746E–01n-PentaneOxygen44.224 5.6200E–0167 O268 C8H10–19.763 2.8022E–01o-Xylene69 C6H6OPhenol–7.185 2.7179E–0170 C3H8Propane–5.462 3.2722E–01–17.226 2.5098E–0171 C8H10p-Xylene72 C5H5NPyridine–5.739 2.7135E–0173 C8H8Styrene–10.035 2.5191E–0174 SO2Sulfur dioxide–11.103 5.0200E–01Toluene75 C7H81.787 2.3566E–0176 C4H6O2Vinyl acetate–7.462 3.0466E–0177 H2OWater–36.826 4.2900E–01µG – viscosity of gas, µPA, B, and C – regression coefficients for chemical compoundT – temperature, KTmin – minimum temperature, KTmax – maximum temperature, KFonts used:Times & Universal 55 .6200E–05Gutter:4p6Font Size:9/10 pt204.49Text Width:41p6Depth:65 Lines

Elsevier USJob Code:CAPAChapter:0capaappC22-12-20065:31 p.m.Trimsize:8.5 in 11 inPage:832832 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS AND GASESTABLE C-3 Viscosity of Liquidslog10 µliq A B/T CT CT ioxane1-Butanol (n-Butanol)1-Butene1-Decene1-Nonane (n-Nonane)1-Octene1-Propanol (n-Propanol)AcetaldehydeAcetic acidAcetic anhydrideAcetoneAcrylic acidAmmoniaAnilineBenzeneButyric acidCarbon disulfideCarbon dioxideCarbon monoxideCarbon anolCyclopropaneDichloromethaneDiethyl etherDiethyl ketoneDimethylamineEthaneEthanolEthyl acetateEthyl chlorideEthylbenzeneEthyleneEthylene glycolEthylene oxideFluorineGlycerolHydrogenHydrogen chlorideHydrogen cyanideHydrogen peroxidei-Butane (iso-Butane)MethaneFonts used:Times & Universal 55 familyB–3.9096 7.0709E 02–3.2716 6.8810E 02–3.8388 5.9046E 02–0.1656 2.7576E 020.3772 7.9658E 01–7.5724 1.3813E 03–5.3970 1.3256E 03–4.9218 4.9503E 02–6.8845 1.1003E 03–6.0742 9.6861E 02–5.6209 8.1305E 02–3.7702 9.9151E 02–6.6171 6.8123E 02–3.8937 7.8482E 02–17.3580 2.3611E 03–7.2126 9.0305E 02–15.9215 2.4408E 03–8.5910 8.7640E 02–13.8625 2.5109E 03–7.4005 1.1815E 03–7.9846 1.3636E 03–9.1108 1.1216E 03–19.4921 1.5948E 03–1.1224 5.7858E 01–6.4564 1.0379E 03–0.7681 1.5140E 02–478316.9902E 024.7423 –2.5322E 02–5.3792 1.8793E 03–3.2541 3.2192E 02–5.1043 6.8653E 02–8.5060 1.0020E 03–9.2905 1.2716E 03–11.5558 1.2126E 03–4.2694 2.8954E 02–6.4406 1.1176E 03–3.6861 5.5228E 02–4.4279 5.1891E 02–5.2585 8.3065E 02–4.5611 3.0811E 02–16.9728 3.1886E 03–5.7794 6.7020E 02–1.5760 8.5630E 01–18.2152 4.2305E 03–7.0154 4.0791E 01–1.5150 1.9460E 02–12.0812 1.3183E 03–1.6150 5.0380E 02–13.4207 1.3131E 03–7.3801 3.1925E 8264546914572333325457728408191Font Size:9/10 ptµliqµliqat 25 Cat .0530.0790.0440.0040.0420.0330.0520.0390.020Text Width:41p6Depth:65 Lines

Elsevier USJob Code:CAPAChapter:0capaappC22-12-20065:31 p.m.Trimsize:8.5 in 11 inPage:833APPENDIX C833TABLE C-3—(continued)log10 µliq A B/T CT CT 2T minT maxMethyl bromide51 CH3Br–9.5533 1.0306E 03 2.8322E–02 –3.1920E–05 193Methyl chloride52 CH3Cl–7.3473 8.5395E 02 1.9485E–02 –2.3484E–05 249Methyl isobutyl ketone –3.0570 5.0050E 02 6.5038E–03 –8.8243E–06 24653 C6H12OMethylamine54 CH5N–9.4670 9.8286E 02 2.8918E–02 –3.5672E–05 180m-Xylene55 C8H10–6.0517 9.2460E 02 1.2583E–02 –1.1850E–05 225Naphthalene56 C10H8–10.3716 1.8572E 03 1.9320E–02 –1.4012E–05 353n-Butane57 C4H10–6.8590 6.7393E 02 2.1973E–02 –3.0686E–05 180n-Decane58 C10H22–6.0716 1.0177E 03 1.2247E–02 –1.1892E–05 243n-Heptane59 C7H16–5.7782 8.0587E 02 1.3355E–02 –1.4794E–05 183n-Hexane60 C6H14–5.0715 6.5536E 02 1.2349E–02 –1.5042E–05 17861 C6H5NO2 Nitrobenzene–7.7710 1.4019E 03 1.4653E–02 –1.1512E–05 273Nitrogen62 N2–15.6104 4.6505E 02 1.6259E–01 –6.3353E–04 63n-Nonane63 C9H20–6.0742 9.6861E 02 1.2677E–02 –1.2675E–05 220n-Octane64 C8H18–5.9245 8.8809E 02 1.2955E–02 –1.3596E–05 216n-Pentane65 C5H12–7.1711 7.4736E 02 2.1697E–02 –2.7176E–05 143Oxygen66 O2–5.0957 1.7983E 02 3.9779E–02 –1.4664E–04 54o-Xylene67 C8H10–7.8805 1.2500E 03 1.6116E–02 –1.3993E–05 268Phenol68 C6H6O1.5349 4.2620E 02 –9.1577E–03 6.2322E–06 318p-Xylene69 C8H10–9.4655 1.4400E 03 1.9910E–02 –1.6994E–05 288Pyridine70 C5H5N–6.8100 1.1496E 03 1.3229E–02 –1.1661E–05 232Styrene71 C8H8–8.0291 1.2666E 03 1.6127E–02 –1.3475E–05 243Sulfur dioxide72 SO2–2.6700 4.0670E 02 6.1440E–03 –1.2540E–05 200Toluene73 C7H8–5.1649 8.1068E 02 1.0454E–02 –1.0488E–05 200Vinyl acetate74 C4H6O2–9.0671 1.1863E 03 2.2663E–02 –2.3208E–05 250Water75 H2O–10.2158 1.7925E 03 1.7730E–02 –1.2631E–05 273µliq – viscosity of gas, µPA, B, and C – regression coefficients for chemical compoundT – temperature, KTmin – minimum temperature, KTmax – maximum temperature, 30694616620648431592524643No.FormulaFonts used:Times & Universal 55 familySubstanceAMargins:Top:3p6BGutter:4p6CDFont Size:9/10 ptµliqat 25 2570.5480.4030.911µliqat .0580.0520.0390.0520.0500.056Text Width:41p6Depth:65 Lines

Elsevier USJob Code:CAPAChapter:0capaappC22-12-20065:31 p.m.Trimsize:8.5 in 11 inPage:834834 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS AND GASESTABLE C-4 Heat Capacity of GasCp A BT CT 2 DT 3 ET 4No. FormulaSubstanceA1 C2H3C13 1,1,1-Trichloroethane18.6742 C2H3C13 1,1,2-Trichloroethane28.88115.7303 C2H4C12 1,1-Dichloroethane4 C2H4C12 1,2-Dichloroethane37.2755 C4H61,3-Butadiene18.835–46.2236 C4H8O2 1,4-Dioxane7 C4H10O 1-Butanol (n-Butanol)8.1571-Butene24.9158 C4H81-Decene121.5539 C10H201-Nonane (n-Nonane)29.68710 C9H1011 C8H161-Octene56.2661-Propanol (n-Propanol)31.50712 C3H8OAcetaldehyde34.14013 C2H4O14 C2H4O2 Acetic acid34.8509.50015 C4H6O3 Acetic anhydride16 C3H6OAcetone35.9187.75517 C3H4O2 Acrylic acid18 NH3Ammonia33.573Aniline–22.06219 C6H7N20 C6H6Benzene–31.36821 C4H8O2 Butyric acid14.368Carbon disulfide20.46122 CS2Carbon dioxide27.43723 CO224 COCarbon monoxide29.55625 CCl4Carbon tetrachloride19.81626 Cl2Chlorine27.21327 CHCl3Chloroform22.48728 C6H12Cyclohexane13.78329 C6H12O Cyclohexanol17.124Cyclopropane21.17230 C3H631 CH2Cl2 Dichloromethane26.69435.97932 C4H10O Diethyl ether33 C5H10O Diethyl ketone49.800Dimethylamine30.63834 C2H7NEthane28.14635 C2H6Ethanol27.09136 C2H6O69.84837 C4H8O2 Ethyl acetate38 C2H5Cl Ethyl chloride35.94639 C8H10Ethylbenzene–20.52740 C2H4Ethylene32.08341 C2H6O2 Ethylene glycol48.218Ethylene oxide30.82742 C2H4O43 F2Fluorine27.4089.65644 C3H8O3 Glycerol45 H2Hydrogen25.39946 HClHydrogen chloride29.24447 CHNHydrogen cyanide25.76648 H2O2Hydrogen peroxide36.181i-Butane (iso-Butane)6.77249 C4H10Methane34.94250 CH451 CH4OMethanol40.046Fonts used:Times & Universal 55 (Cp–joule/(mol K), T–K)TminDE1.8764E–07 –4.0744E–11 1005.2632E–08 –3.5668E–12 2009.5761E–08 –1.8004E–11 200–7.8305E–08 2.8872E–11 200–1.7148E–07 6.0858E–11 1001.1392E–07 –9.0669E–12 2986.0372E–08 –6.2802E–12 200–1.4166E–07 4.7053E–11 200–8.6982E–07 2.6033E–10 150–2.0014E–07 8.2200E–11 200–3.2277E–07 1.0600E–10 2006.3696E–09 8.6908E–13 100–1.6445E–07 4.7248E–11 100–3.0767E–07 9.2646E–11 50–7.6769E–08 3.6721E–11 200–2.1643E–07 6.3174E–11 1007.1591E–08 –9.0960E–12 250–7.1783E–08 1.8569E–11 1001.8410E–07 –2.9867E–11 2008.5237E–08 –5.0524E–12 200–7.6462E–09 2.0812E–11 2981.0199E–07 –2.4444E–11 1003.9968E–09 –2.9872E–13 5060–1.2227E–08 2.2617E–123.4057E–07 –8.4249E–11 1001.5961E–08 –2.7021E–12 501.1636E–07 –2.4555E–11 100–6.3012E–07 1.8988E–10 100–4.2713E–07 1.3215E–10 200–3.2708E–07 9.9730E–11 100–5.0924E–08 1.8726E–11 100–1.0128E–07 3.4529E–11 200–1.5227E–07 4.9510E–11 200–1.9418E–07 5.8509E–11 200–1.9082E–07 5.3349E–11 100–1.5046E–07 4.6601E–11 100–4.1129E–07 1.2369E–10 200–2.2795E–07 6.9123E–11 1003.5621E–08 1.2409E–11 200–2.3766E–07 6.8274E–11 60–1.8834E–08 1.2555E–11 200–3.2747E–07 9.7271E–11 50–1.6302E–08 5.9789E–12 1003.1794E–08 2.7745E–11 2983.1880E–08 –8.7585E–12 2504.9676E–09 –2.4963E–12 50–3.2240E–09 2.2610E–12 100–6.9944E–08 2.0951E–11 100–3.6849E–08 2.0429E–11 200–1.5303E–07 3.9321E–11 50–2.1679E–07 5.9909E–11 100Font Size:9/10 0015001500Text Width:41p6Depth:65 Lines

Elsevier USJob Code:CAPAChapter:0capaappC22-12-20065:31 p.m.Trimsize:8.5 in 11 inPage:835APPENDIX C835TABLE C-4—(continued)Cp A BT CT 2 DT 3 ET 4No. FormulaSubstanceABMethyl bromide2.4374E–0252 CH3Br29.146Methyl isobutyl ketone2.4045.8495E–0153 C6H12O54 CH5NMethylamine40.039–1.5108E–0255 C8H10m-Xylene–16.7255.6424E–0156 8153E–0157 C4H10n-Decane31.7807.4489E–0158 C10H22n-Heptane26.9845.0387E–0159 C7H16n-Hexane25.9244.1927E–0160 C6H1461 C6H5NO2 Nitrobenzene-16.2025.6182E–0162 1E–0163 C9H2064 24E–0165 C5H12Oxygen29.526–8.8999E–0366 O2o-Xylene0.1825.1344E–0167 C8H1068 0E–0169 C8H10Pyridine23.2621.1251E–0170 C5H5N71 C8H8Styrene71.2015.4767E–0272 SO2Sulfur dioxide29.6373.4735E–0273 C7H8Toluene–24.0975.2187E–01Vinyl acetate27.6642.3366E–0174 C4H6O275 H2OWater33.933–8.4186E–03Cp – heat capacity of ideal gas, joule/(mol K)A, B, C, D, and E – regression coefficients for chemical compoundT – temperature, KTmin – minimum temperature, KTmax – maximum temperature, KFonts used:Times & Universal 55 familyMargins:Top:3p6Gutter:4p6(Cp–joule/(mol K), T –K)TminCDE1.0655E–04 –1.1324E–07 3.3241E–11 100–3.7647E–041.2418E–07 –1.7051E–11 2982.5012E–04 –2.3336E–07 6.5582E–11 100–2.6465E–041.3381E–08 1.5869E–11 2009.1740E–04 –1.0019E–06 3.0896E–10 50–1.3143E–05 –9.4571E–08 3.4149E–11 200–1.0945E–04 –2.2668E–07 9.3458E–11 200–4.4748E–05 –1.6835E–07 6.5183E–11 200–1.2491E–05 –1.55916E–07 5.8784E–11 200–3.9302E–041.0043E–07 –1.2252E–12 2001.0076E–05 –4.3116E–09 2.5935E–13 50–9.6492E–05 –2.0014E–07 8.2200E–11 200–5.7103E–05 –1.9548E–07 7.6614E–11 2004.2820E–05 –1.6639E–07 5.6036E–11 2003.8083E–05 –3.2629E–08 8.8607E–12 50–2.0212E–04 –2.1615E–08 2.3212E–11 200–6.0417E–05 –1.2794E–07 5.5287E–11 100–2.6293E–041.1217E–08 1.6544E–11 2003.7351E–04 –4.5402E–07 1.4286E–10 506.4793E–04 –6.9875E–07 2.1232E–10 1009.2903E–06 –2.9885E–08 1.0937E–11 100–2.9827E–046.1220E–08 1.2576E–12 2006.2106E–05 –1.6972E–07 5.7917E–11 1002.9906E–05 –1.7825E–08 3.6934E–12 100Font Size:9/10 00Text Width:41p6Depth:65 Lines

Elsevier USJob Code:CAPAChapter:0capaappC22-12-20065:31 p.m.Trimsize:8.5 in 11 inPage:836836 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS AND GASESTABLE C-5 Heat Capacity of H4CH3OHFonts used:Times & Universal 55 familyCp A BT CT 2 DT 291-Butanol nane (n-Nonane)98.0401-Octene119.9841-Propanol (n-Propanol)88.080Acetaldehyde45.056Acetic acid–18.944Acetic anhydride71.831Acetone46.878Acrylic –31.663Butyric acid28.210Carbon disulfide39.938Carbon dioxide–338.956Carbon monoxide–19.312Carbon ne30.543Dichloromethane38.941Diethyl ether75.939Diethyl 59.342Ethyl acetate62.832Ethyl lene glycol75.878Ethylene .607Hydrogen chloride73.993Hydrogen cyanide–123.155Hydrogen peroxide–15.248i-Butane gins:Top:3p6B1.0501E 1.2913E 005.6628E–013.3434E–041.1934E 001.3538E 008.3332E–014.0224E–014.4853E–011.0971E 008.8879E–016.2652E–011.2106E 003.3618E 009.8960E–011.3043E 001.1040E 002.3565E–015.2796E 002.5072E 009.3363E–01–6.0215E–016.5897E–011.6016E 001.9131E 005.0198E–014.9008E–017.7335E–011.2822E 2908E–01–7.8518E–018.6007E–01–6.1136E 00–1.2946E–011.7769E 006.7693E–014.8472E–011.1982E �9.8722E–03–1.0291E–03DT min3.5983E–06 2442.6455E–06 2382.5617E–06 1772.6107E–06 2384.6035E–06 1653.5408E–06 2862.2780E–06 1853.0241E–06893.9390E–06 2084.4991E–06 2213.4745E–06 1721.9677E–06 1482.7000E–06 1512.9275E–06 2913.3501E–06 2012.9583E–06 1793.1409E–06 2412.0371E–05 1952.3296E–06 2683.8243E–06 2802.9528E–06 2691.0443E–06 1633.5980E–05 2181.2745E–04693.0425E–06 251–5.3099E–07 1722.5901E–06 2114.7582E–06 2814.7281E–06 2983.7444E–06 1472.3069E–06 1794.4383E–06 1584.3816E–06 2355.3990E–06 1825.9347E–06911.8030E–06 1603.6631E–06 1912.1963E–06 1382.0149E–06 1798.4120E–06 1051.6937E–06 2612.4070E–06 1624.6617E–06531.8068E–06 292–4.1480E–03 142.6409E–06 1656.9129E–06 2611.2018E–06 2734.0634E–06 1153.1670E–05921.4598E–06 176Font Size:9/10 ptT 05394275465471414555254581422137651323084116943671

Elsevier US Job Code:CAPA Chapter:0capaappC 22-12-2006 5:31p.m. Page:827 Trimsize:8.5in 11in Fonts used:Times & Universal 55 family Margins:Top:3p6 Gutter:4p6 Font Size:9/10pt Text Width:41p6 Depth:65 LinesFile Size: 1MB