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Top 300 Drug ListThe attached list represents most of the drugs you will encounter as interns, techs, and later as pharmacists. You will also encounter them repeatedly throughout the curriculum. At theconclusion of the first semester, you will be expected to know the commercial (trade) name and generic name of each drug and to be able to spell them correctly. You will also be expected toknow the therapeutic category for each drug. The sooner you start learning this information, the easier your first and subsequent semester will be. During the third year lab, you will beexpected to also know the counseling points for each drug. Abbreviations in parentheses indicate an alternate dosage form of the drug. Abbreviations are listed at the bottom of this document.Trade Name1 Flagyl, Flagyl ER2 Diflucan3 NizoralGeneric NameGeneral Category Therapeutic Category ( DEA Schedule)Counseling PointsMetronidazoleAnti-infectiveAntibacterial, AntiprotozoalFinish course as prescribed. Avoid alcohol during therapy andfor 2 days after. May discolor urine reddish-brown.AntifungalFinish course as prescribed. May cause headache and GIupset. CYP interactions: strongly inhibits 2C9, 2C19 (ex.Clopidogrel, warfarin and phenytoin); moderately inhibits 3A4.May prolong QT interval.AntifungalAvailable topically and orally. Tablets should be taken withfood. Drug is absorbed best in acidic conditions; avoidantacids, PPI's and H2 blockers for 2 hours before and afteradministration. Major CYP 3A4 drug interactions. Topicalformulations are flammable. Potential for veAnti-infective4 Mycostatin, NystopNystatinAnti-infectiveAntifungalAvailable in many different dosage forms (topical, oral,suspension, powder) and some combination products.Suspension can be dosed as "swish and spit" for oralcandidiasis or "swish and swallow" for esophageal candidiasis.5 LamisilTerbinafineAnti-infectiveAntifungalFinish course as prescribed. Topical formulation available OTCand is most common use.Antiviral against HSVAvailable topically and orally. Avoid intercourse during herpesoutbreaks. Dose and duration depends on indication. CNS sideeffects especially in elderly and renal impairment. Interacts withherpes zoster vaccine. Stay well hydrated.6 ZoviraxAcyclovirAnti-infective
Trade NameGeneric NameGeneral Category Therapeutic Category ( DEA Schedule)7 ValtrexValacyclovirAnti-infectiveAntiviral against HSV8 KeflexCephalexinAnti-infectiveCephalosporin antibiotic, 1st generation9 CeftinCefuroxime axetilAnti-infectiveCephalosporin antibiotic, 2nd generationCefdinirAnti-infectiveCephalosporin antibiotic, 3rd generation10 Omnicef11 Cipro (XR)12 i-infectiveCounseling PointsAvoid intercourse during herpes outbreaks. Dose and durationdepends on indication. CNS side-effects especially in elderlyand renal impairment. Interacts with herpes zoster vaccine.Stay well hydrated.Finish course as prescribed. May cause GI upset.Hypersensitivity reactions may occur if allergic to penicillinand/or other cephalosporins. May decrease absorption of oralcontraceptives.Finish course as prescribed. May cause GI upset.Hypersensitivity reactions may occur if allergic to penicillinand/or other cephalosporins. May decrease absorption of oralcontraceptives.Finish course as prescribed. May cause GI upset.Hypersensitivity reactions may occur if allergic to penicillinand/or other cephalosporins. May decrease absorption of oralcontraceptives.Fluoroquinolone antibioticFinish course as prescribed. Monitor glucose. Do not takewithin 2 hours of consuming foods or other products containingdi- or trivalent cations (ex. milk, calcium antacids, multivitaminsand supplements). May cause sun sensitivity and CNS sideeffects. FDA requires assessment of risk of QTc prolongation.Black box warning for tendonitis/tendon rupture. Available orallyand in ophthalmic and otic suspensions.Fluoroquinolone antibioticFinish course as prescribed. Monitor glucose. Do not takewithin 2 hours of consuming foods or other products containingdi- or trivalent cations (ex. milk, calcium antacids, multivitaminsand supplements). May cause sun sensitivity and CNS sideeffects. FDA requires assessment of risk of QTc prolongation.Black box warning for tendonitis/tendon rupture. Available orallyand in ophthalmic suspension.
Trade Name13 Avelox14Zithromax, Zmax,Azasite15 Biaxin (XL)Cleocin, Cleocin T,16Evoclin, Clindagel17General Category Therapeutic Category ( DEA Schedule)Counseling PointsMoxifloxacinAnti-infectiveFluoroquinolone antibioticFinish course as prescribed. Monitor glucose. Do not takewithin 2 hours of consuming foods or other products containingdi- or trivalent cations (ex. milk, calcium antacids, multivitaminsand supplements). May cause sun sensitivity and CNS sideeffects. FDA requires assessment of risk of QTc prolongation.Black box warning for tendonitis/tendon rupture. Available orallyand in ophthalmic solution (Vigamox, Moxeza).AzithromycinAnti-infectiveMacrolide antibioticClarithromycinAnti-infectiveMacrolide antibioticClindamycinMacrobid, Macrodantin,NitrofurantoinFuradantin18 Amoxil19Generic NameAmoxicillinAugmentin, AugmentinAmoxicillin ClavulanateXR20 Veetids, Pen-Vee KPenicillin V PotassiumAnti-InfectiveOther antibioticAnti-infectiveOther antibioticAnti-infectivePenicillin antibioticFinish course as prescribed. No CYP 3A4 inhibition. QTprolongation possible. Opthalmic solution, Azasite, isrefrigerated.Finish course as prescribed. May impart metallic taste. InhibitsCYP 3A4. QT prolongation possible.Available in many dosage forms (oral, topical, vaginalsuppository, powder for suspension) and combination products.Oral therapy may cause C. diff-associated severe diarrhea.Suspension has horrible taste, little flavoring options available.Take with food to enhance absorption. May cause peripheralneuropathy or pulmonary fibrosis. Shake suspensionthoroughly.Finish course as prescribed. May cause GI upset; take withfood. Hypersensitivity reactions possible. May decreaseefficacy of oral contraceptives. Secondary vaginal yeastinfection may develop. Shake susp well and keep refrigerated,note exp date after reconstitutionAnti-infectivePenicillin antibioticFinish course as prescribed. May cause GI upset; take withfood. More likely to have diarrhea b/c of clavulanate- maintainhydration. Clavulanic acid doses vary among formulations;double-check if using alternate formulation to achieveprescribed dose (ex. 400mg-57mg/5ml suspension cannot besubstituted for 600mg-42.9mg/5ml suspension). Shake suspwell and keep refrigerated, note exp date after reconstitutionAnti-infectivePenicillin antibioticFinish course as prescribed. May cause GI upset; take withfood. C. diff-associated diarrhea may develop. Hypersensitivityreactions possible.
Trade NameGeneric NameGeneral Category Therapeutic Category ( DEA Schedule)Counseling PointsFinish course as prescribed. Take with plenty of water.Increases sensitivity to sunlight. Increased risk of hypoglycemiaif taken with other sulfonylureas. Severe life-threatening skinreactions possible.May increase sensitivity to sunlight. Do not take within 2 hoursof consuming foods or other products containing di- or trivalentcations (ex. milk, calcium antacids, multivitamins andsupplements). Hyclate and monohydrate salts notinterchangeable.Bactrim, Bactrim DS,21Septra, Septra DSSulfamethoxazole TrimethoprimAnti-infectiveSulfonamide antibacterialVibramycin, Doryx,22 Adoxa, Monodox,Oracea, PeriostatDoxycyclineAnti-infectiveTetracycline antibioticMetrogel, Metrogel23 Vaginal, opical antibioticUse condoms during vaginal therapy. Some drug is absorbedsystemically; avoid alcohol consumption during therapy and for2 days after. Also used topically on the face for rosacea.24 BactrobanMupirocinAnti-infectiveTopical antibioticUsed most in hospital to reduce the risk of MRSA infection fromcarriers25 Mycolog IINystatin TriamcinoloneAnti-infectiveTopical antifungal steroid combinationUse a sparing amount, avoid application around eyes.26 Peridex, PerioGardChlorhexidine GluconateantibacterialoropharyngealTx for gingivitis/PeriodontitisSwish/spit 15 mls BID27 TamifluOlsetamiviranti-infectiveantiviral against influenza28 TruvadaEmtricitabine TenofovirAntiretroviralReverse transcriptase inhibitor29 CombivirZidovudine LamivudineAntiretroviralReverse transcriptase inhibitorBID dosing for Tx, QD dosing for prophylaxis, tx within 24-48hours of sx, rarely causes behavioral disturbances inc delirium,risk of anaphylaxis and allergic skin rxnsAdherence important to prevent resistance. May be takenwithout regard to food. May cause decrease in bone mineraldensity, fat redistribution, lactic acidosis, hepatomegaly, andrenal toxicity. Recently approved for pre-exposure HIVprophylaxis for those whose partner has HIV; must haveregular testing every 3 months.Adherence important to prevent resistance. May be takenwithout regard to food. May cause fat redistribution, lacticacidosis, hepatomegaly, myopathy, and hematologic toxicity.
Trade Name30 Vasotec31 Altace32 Accupril, AccureticGeneric NameEnalaprilRamiprilQuinapril33 Lotensin, Lotensin HCT Benazepril, Ben/HCTZGeneral Category Therapeutic Category ( DEA Schedule)Counseling PointsCardiovascularACE Inhibitor, antihypertensivePregnancy category D. May cause a dry cough, first-dosehypotension (especially in CHF and hypervolemia) andhyperkalemia (avoid salt substitutes). Angioedema is a seriousreaction; discontinue immediately and medical intervention maybe necessary. Drug has renoprotective properties, but may alsocause acute renal failure; monitor serum creatinine anddiscontinue if 30% increase.ACE Inhibitor, antihypertensivePregnancy category D. May cause a dry cough, first-dosehypotension (especially in CHF and hypovolemia) andhyperkalemia (avoid salt substitutes). Angioedema is a seriousreaction; discontinue immediately and medical intervention maybe necessary. Drug has renoprotective properties, but may alsocause acute renal failure; monitor serum creatinine anddiscontinue if 30% increase. May have greater benefit if dosedat bedtime.ACE Inhibitor, antihypertensive; Accureticcombo with diureticPregnancy category D. May cause a dry cough, first-dosehypotension (especially in CHF and hypovolemia) andhyperkalemia (avoid salt substitutes). Angioedema is a seriousreaction; discontinue immediately and medical intervention maybe necessary. Drug has renoprotective properties, but may alsocause acute renal failure; monitor serum creatinine anddiscontinue if 30% increase.ACE Inhibitor, antihypertensive; HCT-combowith diureticPregnancy category X. May cause a dry cough, first-dosehypotension (especially in CHF and hypovolemia) andhyperkalemia (avoid salt substitutes). Angioedema is a seriousreaction; discontinue immediately and medical intervention maybe necessary. Drug has renoprotective properties, but may alsocause acute renal failure; monitor serum creatinine anddiscontinue if 30% r
Trade NameGeneric NameGeneral Category Therapeutic Category ( DEA Schedule)Counseling PointsZestril or Prinivil,ZestoreticLisinopril, Lis/HCTZCardiovascularACE Inhibitor, antihypertensive; Zestoreticcombo with diureticPregnancy category D. May cause a dry cough, first-dosehypotension (especially in CHF and hypovolemia) andhyperkalemia (avoid salt substitutes). Angioedema is a seriousreaction; discontinue immediately and medical intervention maybe necessary. Drug has renoprotective properties, but may alsocause acute renal failure; monitor serum creatinine anddiscontinue if 30% increase.35 Cardura, Cardura XLDoxazosin MesylateCardiovascularAlpha 1 Blocker antihypertensive, also used inBPHMay cause postural hypotension/orthostasis after first dose oran increase in dose. Dizziness and headache common.36 HytrinTerazosinCardiovascularAlpha 1 Blocker antihypertensive, also used inBPHMay cause postural hypotension/orthostasis after first dose oran increase in dose. Dizziness and headache common.Catapres, Catapres37 TTS, Nexiclon XR,Kapvay ERClonidineCardiovascularAlpha II agonist, antihypertensiveMay cause drowsiness, dry mouth, or skin reactions. Rotatepatch application sites and discard patches carefully. Do notdiscontinue abruptly.AntiarrhythmicMany drug interactions, complicated by extremely long half lifeof 40-50 days. Hepatic and pulmonary damage possible; notifyMD if jaundice, dark urine or trouble breathing occur. Maycause thyroid problems, hypotension, bradycardia, oculardisease and exacerbate arrhythmia. Have regular ophthalmicvisits. May cause skin to turn bluish-grey in colorAnticoagulantRisk of bleeding, especially GI. Very narrow therapeutic index;INR must be monitored regularly and vitamin K intake shouldbe uniform. Many drug interactions; always check with MD orRPh when taking a new medication.AntihyperlipidemicRisk of myopathy; taking with statins increase risk. Discontinueimmediately and report any signs (muscle pain, brown urine) toMD and/or RPh. Increases action of sulfonylureas; monitor forhypoglycemia. No good outcome data; FIELD and ACCORDLipid were not positive. Safer to combine with a statin thangemfibrozil, but not evidence based. Many different "Brand"formulations.3438 Cordarone39 Coumadin40 TRICOR, TrilipixAmiodaroneWarfarin ovascular
Trade NameGeneric NameGeneral Category Therapeutic Category ( DEA Schedule)Counseling Points41 creases effects of statins and therefore myopathy risk;discontinue immediately and report any signs (muscle pain,brown urine) to MD and/or RPh. Should be taken 30 minutesbefore breakfast and dinner. Increased risk of gall stones.42 Niaspan ERNiacinCardiovascularAntihyperlipidemicCauses flushing in most individuals ( 80%); take at bedtimewith a low-fat snack and 325mg aspirin to reduce effects.Doses higher than 2g/day may cause hepatotoxicity.Pregnancy category X. Myopathy is a serious reaction;discontinue immediately and report any signs (muscle pain,brown urine) to MD and/or RPh. May be taken at any time ofday. Avoid excessive alcohol and grapefruit juice. Some CYP3A4 interactions.Pregnancy category X. Myopathy is a serious reaction;discontinue immediately and report any signs (muscle pain,brown urine) to MD and/or RPh. Take in the evening. Avoidexcessive alcohol and grapefruit juice. Several CYP 3A4interactions.Pregnancy category X. Myopathy is a serious reaction;discontinue immediately and report any signs (muscle pain,brown urine) to MD and/or RPh. Avoid excessive alcohol.Significantly fewer drug interactions compared to other statins(cleared by kidney rather than liver).43 c - HMG CoA reductaseinhibitor44 Mevacor, Altoprev ERLovastatinCardiovascularAntihyperlipidemic - HMG CoA reductaseinhibitor45 ic - HMG CoA reductaseinhibitorCardiovascularAntihyperlipidemic - HMG CoA reductaseinhibitorPregnancy category X. Myopathy is a serious reaction;discontinue immediately and report any signs (muscle pain,brown urine) to MD and/or RPh. May be taken at any time ofday. Avoid excessive alcohol and grapefruit juice.Antihyperlipidemic - HMG CoA reductaseinhibitor and cholesterol absorption inhibitorPregnancy category X. Myopathy is a serious reaction;discontinue immediately and report any signs (muscle pain,brown urine) to MD and/or RPh. Take in the evening. Avoidexcessive alcohol and grapefruit juice. Several CYP 3A4interactions. Lacks data that combination is superior tosimvastatin alone.46 Crestor47 ular
Trade Name48 ZocorGeneric NameSimvastatinGeneral Category Therapeutic Category ( DEA Schedule)Counseling PointsCardiovascularAntihyperlipidemic - HMG reductase inhibitorPregnancy category X. Myopathy is a serious reaction;discontinue immediately and report any signs (muscle pain,brown urine) to MD and/or RPh. Take in the evening. Avoidexcessive alcohol and grapefruit juice. Several CYP 3A4interactions.49 EcotrinAspirinCardiovascularAntiplateletUsed for cardiovascular or cerebrovascular accidenttreatment/prophylaxis. 75-325 mg pod daily. Risk/benefitimportant for prophylaxis decisions. Increased risk of bleeding.Be aware of hypersensitivity reactions especially in patientswith allergic triad of as a allergy, nasal polyps, and asthma,avoid in children due to risk of Reye syndrome.50 Exforge, Exforge HCTAmlodipine ValsartanCardiovascularARB calcium channel blocker combo; HCTalso contains diureticsee amlodipine and valsartanARB Antihypertensive, HCT also containsdiureticBlack box warning in pregnancy. May cause dizziness,hypotension, hyperkalemia (avoid salt substitutes, potassiumsparing diuretics), and renal dysfunction (discontinue if serumcreatinine increases 30%). NSAIDs reduce antihypertensiveeffect and increase risk of renal dysfunction. Taking with ACEinhibitor or renin inhibitor increases side effects with littlebenefit.CardiovascularARB Antihypertensive; Avalide-combo withdiureticBlack box warning in pregnancy. May cause dizziness,hypotension, hyperkalemia (avoid salt substitutes, potassiumsparing diuretics), and renal dysfunction (discontinue if serumcreatinine increases 30%). NSAIDs reduce antihypertensiveeffect and increase risk of renal dysfunction. Taking with ACEinhibitor or renin inhibitor increases side effects with littlebenefit.CardiovascularBlack box warning in pregnancy. May cause dizziness,hypotension, hyperkalemia (avoid salt substitutes, potassiumsparing diuretics), and renal dysfunction (discontinue if serumARB Antihypertensive; HCT-combo with diuretic creatinine increases 30%). NSAIDs reduce antihypertensiveeffect and increase risk of renal dysfunction. Taking with ACEinhibitor or renin inhibitor increases side effects with littlebenefit.51 Diovan, Diovan HCT52 Avapro, AvalideValsartan, Val/HCTZIrbesartan,Irbesartan/HCTZ53 Atacand, Atacand HCT Candesartan, Can/HCTZCardiovascular
Trade Name54 Benicar, Benicar HCTGeneric NameOlmesartanGeneral Category Therapeutic Category ( DEA Schedule)Counseling PointsCardiovascularBlack box warning in pregnancy. May cause dizziness,hypotension, hyperkalemia (avoid salt substitutes, potassiumsparing diuretics), and renal dysfunction (discontinue if serumcreatinine increases 30%). NSAIDs reduce antihypertensiveARB Antihypertensive; HCT-combo with diureticeffect and increase risk of renal dysfunction. Taking with ACEinhibitor or renin inhibitor increases side effects with littlebenefit. Sprue -like enteropathy (unexplained wt loss anddiarrhea)55 Cozaar, HyzaarLosartan, Los/HCTZCardiovascularARB Antihypertensive; Hyzaar-combo withdiureticBlack box warning in pregnancy. May cause dizziness,hypotension, hyperkalemia (avoid salt substitutes, potassiumsparing diuretics), and renal dysfunction (discontinue if serumcreatinine increases 30%). NSAIDs reduce antihypertensiveeffect and increase risk of renal dysfunction. Taking with ACEinhibitor or renin inhibitor increases side effects with littlebenefit.56 TenorminAtenololCardiovascularBeta Blocker, Beta-1 SelectiveMay cause drowsiness. Masks symptoms of hypoglycemia. Donot discontinue abruptly. Limited evidence/data.57 Toprol XLMetoprolol SuccinateCardiovascularBeta Blocker, Beta-1 Selective58 LopressorMetoprolol TartrateCardiovascularBeta Blocker, Beta-1 selective59 Zebeta, ZiacBisoprolol, Bisoprolol HCTZCardiovascularBeta Blocker, Beta-1 selective; Ziac is combowith diuretic60 TenoreticAtenolol/chlorthalidoneCardiovascularBeta Blocker, Beta-1 Selective/ thiazide diuretic see atenolol and chlorthalidone61Inderal, Inderal LA,Innopran, Innopran XLPropranololCardiovascularBeta Blocker, nonselectiveMay cause drowsiness. Masks symptoms of hypoglycemia. Donot discontinue abruptly. Succinate a
Trade Name Generic Name General Category Therapeutic Category ( DEA Schedule) Counseling Points 1 Flagyl, Flagyl ER
