Transcription
StyleU.S. ArmyCenter of Military HistoryFor Use in the Preparation ofCMH Historical Publications
Contents1. Names and TermsGeneral. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .People. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Public Acts and Military Orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Publications and Their Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Military. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Designations of U.S. Army Units and Organizations. . . . .Designations of U.S. Navy, Air Force, andMarine Corps Units. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Rank and Title Designations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Military Equipment, Weapons, Ships, and Aircraft. . . . . .Foreign Military Terms, Units, and Ranks . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-11-31-61-71-91-121-151-161-191-202. PunctuationGeneral. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Apostrophe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Brackets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Colon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Comma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ellipsis Points. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Exclamation Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Hyphens and Dashes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Hyphen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .En Dash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Em Dash. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Parentheses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Period. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Quotation Marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Semicolon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153. Spelling, Abbreviations, Compounds, and DistinctiveTreatment of WordsPreferred Spellings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Abbreviations and Acronyms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Punctuation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Plurals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Compounds and Hyphenation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Italics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Quotations and Dialogue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-13-13-33-43-43-63-7iii
Run-In and Block Quotations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9Permissible Changes to Quoted Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10Foreign Words and Phrases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11Word Division and Line Breaks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-124. Geographic TermsCapitalization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Abbreviations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Foreign Geographic Terms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-14-34-65. NumbersExpress in Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Express in Figures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Multiple Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-15-25-36. Dates, Time, and MeasurementsDates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-16-36-47. Tables, Charts, Maps, and PhotographsGeneral. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Charts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Photographs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Maps and Diagrams. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-17-17-27-37-38. DocumentationFootnotes and Endnotes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Published Works. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Abbreviations, Punctuation, and Capitalization. . . . . . . . .Archival Material. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .World Wide Web References and DigitalDocument Collections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Historians Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Bibliography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Periodicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Government Publications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Unpublished Works. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Arrangement of Entries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iv8-18-28-58-98-158-178-188-188-208-218-218-22
9. Front and Back MatterBooks and Monographs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Front Matter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Back Matter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Brochures and Pamphlets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-19-19-59-610. IndexesGeneral. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1Alphabetizing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3Units. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5Abbreviations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-12Formatting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13Editing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14Appendix A. Words ListAppendix B. Additional Service Ranks AbbreviationsAppendix C. Rank Insignia of the U.S. Armed ForcesIndexTables1-1. Army Rank Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-184-1. U.S. State and Territory Abbreviations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-58-1. Footnote and Endnote Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-69-1. Book and Monograph Organization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2Figures9-1. Half Title Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-2. Frontispiece. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-3. Title Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-4. LOC CIP Data Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-5. Advisory Committee Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-6. Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-7. Foreword. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-8. Author Bio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-9. Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ate for a Pullet Surprise. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15v
1Names and TermsI hope I shall possess firmness and virtue enough to maintainwhat I consider the most enviable of all titles, the characterof an honest man.—George WashingtonGeneral1.1 Countries. Capitalize official and shortened names of countries.Republic of Iraq; IraqIslamic Republic of Afghanistan; AfghanistanDemocratic Peoples’ Republic of Korea; North KoreaDemocratic Republic of Vietnam; North VietnamUnited States of America; United States; America1.2 Cities, states, provinces, territories. Capitalize official andshortened names of cities, states, districts, provinces, andterritories; lowercase words such as city, district, and provincewhen they precede the name or stand alone.BaghdadAnbar ProvinceAdolous District of RamadiNew York City; city of New Yorkroads through the province1-1
1.3 Legislative bodies and government agencies. Capitalizethe full and shortened names of legislative, deliberative,administrative (including cabinet level), and judicial bodies.Capitalize the full names of their branches. Lowercasederived adjectives and paraphrased forms.U.S. CongressDepartment of Defense; Defense DepartmentUnited Nations Security Council; Security CouncilRepublic of Vietnam National AssemblyDepartment of the ArmyJoint Chiefs of Staff; Joint ChiefsOffice of the Assistant Secretary of the Army (Manpower & ReserveAffairs)Army Staff; Joint StaffArmy Secretariatbutcongressionalpresidentialthe departmentthe councilthe assemblythe officethe secretariatthe stafffamily support groupfamily readiness groupgeneral officer steering committee1.4 Generic references. Lowercase the words federal andgovernment unless they are part of a formal title. Likewise,lowercase the terms executive, legislative, or judicial branch.United States government (but United States Government PrintingOffice)federal government policygovernment of Afghanistan1-2
1.5 Political parties. Capitalize names of political parties andparty members, but not the doctrine with which they areassociated.Ba’ath Party; Ba’athistsRepublican Party; RepublicansPeople’s Revolutionary PartyPatriotic Union of KurdistanCommunist leaders; Communistsbutcommunismsocialismdemocratic principles1.6 Private organizations. Capitalize the full and shortened namesof private organizations.Microsoft Corporation; MicrosoftDell Inc.; DellBlackwater USA; BlackwaterLockheed Martin Corporation; Lockheed Martin1.7 Organized groups. Capitalize common nouns referring tospecific organized groups.Afghan National PoliceNorthern AllianceCivilian Irregular Defense GroupPeople1.8 First and subsequent mentions. Give the full name includingthe middle initial (or initials), if any, at first mention of aperson in text. Each initial is followed by a period and aspace. For military names, see 1.48.George H. W. BushWilliam J. ClintonIf the entire name is abbreviated in subsequent mentions,omit periods and spaces.FDR [Franklin Delano Roosevelt]JFK [John F. Kennedy]1-3
1.9 Foreign notables. Cite the names of Chinese notables generallyfollo
In addition to a foreword, the book has five chapters, a bibliography, and an index. 1.20 Capitalize references in the text to specific parts of publications when they are followed by a number or letter designation. Volume 1 Annex B Section 6 Map 19 Chapter 2 Chart 1 Part 1 Book 2 Table 4 Appendix G
