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09/11/2015KTH ROYAL INSTITUTEOF TECHNOLOGYLecture #11Power system communicationNicholas Honeth honeth@kth.se In this series Lecture #9 Communication protocol basics The OSI model Relationship between OSI and SGAM Hands-on exercise: Wireshark and HTTPLecture #10 OSI model – physical layer Topologies Media Access Control Routing TCP/IP Exercise: Traceroute, ping and Wireshark1
09/11/2015In this series Lecture #11 Power systems communication Wireshark exercises Lecture #12 Delay & Jitter Quality-of-Service Loss and Throughput Time synchronization Project assignment Q&ASome terms and acronyms LFTPHTTPGPSWANSSDSVMACWANGOOSELAN2
09/11/2015RecapComputers and Networks in Power SystemsRecapProtocol basics3
09/11/2015RecapHostThe OSI modelApplicationTransportMediaNetworkData LinkPhysicalRecapTransition between layersComputer Networking: A Top-Down Approach: International Edition (Kurose & Ross.) 1.54
09/11/2015SGAM modelRemember?SGAM modelCommunication Layer5
09/11/2015SGAM modelCommunication LayerMulti-servicesbackhaul networkOperation backhaulnetworkLow-end intrasubstation networkSGAM modelCommunication Layer with OSI modelIEC 61968-100IEC 61968-100IEC 61850-8-1 MMSTCPIP/AALATMTwisted pairIEC 61850-8-1 MMSTCPIP/X.25LLC/RLC/MACGSM Radio FreqIEC 61850-8-1 MMSTCPIPIEEE 1901.1Powerline6
09/11/2015Protocols used in power systemsIEC 61850 GOOSE SV MMSIEC 60870-5-101 and 104ModbusDNP3IEEE C37.118IEC 61968-100ICCPProtocols used in power systemsIEC 61850-8-17
09/11/2015Protocols used in power systemsIEC 61850-8-1 Horizontal communicationProtocols used in power systemsIEC 61850-8-1 Vertical communication8
09/11/2015Protocols used in power systemsIEC 61850-9-2 Sampled Values (SV) Used on the process bus Transmits 3-phase CT/VT measurements Sampling rate of 4kHz Need time synchronizationProtocols used in power systemsIEC 61850-9-2 Sampled Values (SV)9
09/11/2015Protocols used in power systemsGOOSEGeneric Object Oriented Substation/System Event Specified in IEC 61850-8-1 Status and valuesGrouped into dataset Transmitted within a time of 4msProtocols used in power systemsGOOSE10
09/11/2015Protocols used in power systemsGOOSE – retransmission strategyProtocols used in power systemsMMSIEC 61850-8-1 MMSTCPIP/X.25LLC/RLC/MACGSM Radio Freq Open standard Transferring real-time process data Provides standard messages Encoding rules11
09/11/2015Protocols used in power systemsIEC 60870-5-10x A suite of “RTU protocols” Protocols used in power systemsIEC 60870-5-101 and IEC 60870-5-104Standard by TC57 (same as IEC 61850) Specifically for power systems Monitoring Control Teleprotection A few difference flavors exist: 101 – Serial RTU protocol 103 – interoperability between protection/substationdevices 104 – Variant of 101 carried over TCP/IP Still very commonly used.12
09/11/2015Protocols used in power systemsIEC 60870-5-101 and IEC 60870-5-104Protocols used in power systemsModbusMaster/slave RTU protocol mainly for PLC interfacing Address up to 240 devicesCoils and contacts – old names for status and command points Many versions (“flavours”) Serial RTU, ACSII TCP/IP UDP13
09/11/2015Protocols used in power systemsDNP3Also an ”RTU protocol” Protocols used in power systemsDNP3 Distributed Network Protocol- SCADA master- Remote Terminal Units (RTU)- Intelligent Electronic Devices (IED)- Mainly for SCADA- RTU/IED- Polling and spontaneous access14
09/11/2015Protocols used in power systemsIEEE C37.118Standard for synchrophasor dataPMURegion BHVMVLVGACPMUPMURegion AHVMVLVRegion CGHVMVLVGACProtocols used in power systemsIEEE C37.118Protocol for real-time exchange of synchronized phasormeasurementsTransmission from Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) toPhasor Data Concentrator (PDC)Defines: Frequency Rate of change of frequency15
09/11/2015Protocols used in power systemsIEEE C37.118 vs. IEC 61850https://www.pacw.org/issue/december 2012 issue/iec 61850905 an overview/iec 61850905 an overview.htmlProtocols used in power systemsIEC 61968-100 Exchanging Common Information Model data atenterprise levelIEC 61968-100 IEC 61968-100 – Defines profile for applicationof the other parts of 61968 using commonintegration technologies, including JMS and webservices. Provides guidelines and recommendations forusage of Enterprise Service Bus technologiesand specific message exchange patterns.Goal: Make IEC 61968 standards more useful inthe marketplace.IEC 61968-100Intra-center network Vendor-specific implementation16
09/11/2015Protocols used in power systemsICCP Inter-Control Center Communications Protocol (IEC 608706/TASE.2)- Communication between SCADA systems- Client/server model -ICCP- -ICCP- - No authentication or encryption -ICCP- - Carried over TCP/IPProtocols used in power systemsICCP - Functionality Functions such as:- Periodic System Data– Status points, analogue points, quality flags, time stamp, counters, protection events- Device Control– on/off, trip/close, raise/lower etc and digital setpoints.- Program Control– Allows an ICCP client to remote control programs executing on an ICCP server.- Historical time series data between a start and end date -ICCP- -ICCP- -ICCP- - Scheduling, accounting, outage and plant information17
09/11/2015Protocols used in power systemsConclusionsWe’ve looked at some application-layer protocols which are specific topower systems applications.There are many more of these and there is a lot of overlap between them.Some protocols (like GOOSE and SV) are link-local and leave-out transportand network-layer functionality.Many power systems application-layer protocols are carried over TCP/IP (orUDP/IP in some cases).18
Modbus DNP3 IEEE C37.118 IEC 61968-100 ICCP Protocols used in power systems IEC 61850-8-1 . 09/11/2015 8 Protocols used in power systems IEC 61850-8-1 Horizontal communication . Modbus Master/slave RTU protocol mainly for PLC interfacing Address up to 240 devices
