Transcription
DEFENCE KEY FIGURES2017 EDITION
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Defence figures 2016 - 20171. The State’s main budgetary missions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52. The defence budget . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73. The ministry manpower in 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154. Defence pillar of the National Guard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205. Operational deployments of the French armed forces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226. Equipment of the armed forces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237. Comparisons of the defence budget between the United States and the European Union. 268. Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279. For further information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Nota bene: the marginal difference that may exist in the totals is due to rounded figures.3
IntroductionThis brochure is a summary of the main figures concerning Defence. It presents the budgetary data, the number ofpersonnel, the equipment of the armed forces and the forces deployed overseas.In accordance with the 2014-2019 Military Programming Law, with its updating in 2015 and with decisions followingterrorist attacks of 2015 and 2016, the budget of the French Ministry for the Armed Forces was increased by 600Min 2017 in comparison to 2016 Finance Law (and has thus reached 32.7bn of resources).In the context of a very strong military activity of the French armed forces (beyond operational contracts), the budget ofthe French Ministry for the Armed Forces has aimed to enhance the means for the benefit of operational units, intelligenceand cyber defence while preserving preparation for the future and equipment renewal. It also makes it possible theimplementation of measures relating to the improvement of the condition of personnel. Budgetary credits in 2017 InitialFinance Law have thus been increased by 600M in comparison to 2016.The French President has announced for the year 2018 a very important increase in this effort in comparison to 2017Initial Finance Law, consistent with the long-term goal to reach a 2% defence effort in 2025.4
1. The State’s main budgetary missions1.1 B reakdown of budgetary credits among the State missions, excluding reimbursements and rebates(2017 Initial Finance ns, remembrance and defence-nation links (incl. P158)1Public aid to developmentCultureExternal action of the StateState’s general and territorial administrationAgriculture, food, fishing, forest and rural affairsRelationships with territorial administrationPensions and benefit systemsJusticeEcology, sustainable development and mobilityPublic finance and human resources managementOther State missionsJobs and employmentSolidarity, social insertion and equal opportunityTerritorial equality and housingSecurityResearch and higher education (incl. eur(P191inclus)DéfenseSchool educationEnseignementscolaireState financial commitments (for the record) ,00660.000,0070.0070,00880.000,00Payment appropriations (PA) in bn, including pensions.1. Programme 158 ( 101M), entitled “Compensation for victims of anti-semitic persecutions and barbaric acts during World War II”,is under the authority of Prime Minister’s department. It aims to provide compensation in aid of victims (or their assignees) of anti‑semiticpersecutions or barbaric acts committed during World War II.5
1.2 The French Ministry for the Armed Forces budget (including pensions) within the budget of the State(2017 Initial Finance Law)School education22.0%Jobs and employment4.9%State financial commitment(for the record)13.2%Other State missions7.3%Territorial equalityand housing5.8%Relationshipswith territorial administration1.1%Agriculture, food, fishing,forest and rural affairs1.1%Pensions and benefit systems2.0%Justice2.7%6GeneralState budget: 318.54bnTotal forthe French Ministryfor the Armed Forces: 43.2bn1Ecology, sustainabledevelopment and mobility3.0%Public financeand human resources3.4%The French Ministry for the Armed Forces has credits which are allocatedover three missions and which constitute 13.6% of the general State budget(excluding pensions: 10.2%).1. This amount doesn’t cover resources from sales.Solidarity, social insertionand equal opportunity policy5.6%Security6.1%Researchand higher education8.4%French Ministryfor the Armed Forces: 13.6%P191 Civilian and military dual research0.1%Veterans, remembranceand defence-nation links0.8%Defence12.7%
2. The defence budgetThe “Loi organique relative aux lois de finances” (LOLF) budget system law sets forth the budget according to an allocationof credits for missions, programmes and actions.Three budgetary missions are thus allocated to the French Ministry for the Armed Forces: the “Defence” mission assuch, the “Veterans, remembrance and defence-nation links” mission, as well as the “Dual (civil and military) research”programme from the interdepartmental mission for “Research and higher education”.The 2017 budget for the “Defence” mission amounts to 32.7bn (excluding pensions), namely around 600M morethan its level in 2016. This budget includes 250M from sales of real estate and equipment.7
2.1 The LOLF-format Defence budgetMissionsActionsProgrammesEnvironmentand future defence policy (144)Collection and processing of intelligence pertaining toFrench securityFuture defence analysisInternational relations and defence diplomacyDeterrenceCommand and information managementDeployment – mobility – supportEquipment of the armed forces (146)Engagement and combatProtection and safetyDefencePreparation and conduct of armament operationsForeign shares and civilian programmesCapacity planning and conduct of operations8Preparation of land forcesPreparation of naval forcesPreparation and employment of forces (178)Preparation of air forcesLogistics and joint services supportCost overruns related to deployments abroadCost overruns related to domestic deployments
MissionsActionsProgrammesReal estate policyInformation, administration and management systemsHuman resources policyCulture and education policyRestructuring programmeManagement, support and communicationDefenceSupport to defence policy (212)Collection and processing of intelligence pertaining toFrench security - Staff working for “Environment and futuredefence policy” programmeFuture defence - Staff working for “Environment and futuredefence policy” programmeInternational relationsPreparation and conduct of armament operations - Staffworking for “Equipment of the armed forces” programmeCapacity planning and conduct of operations - Staff working for“Preparation and employment of forces” programmePreparation of land forces - Staff working for “Preparationand employment of forces” programme9
MissionsProgrammesActionsPreparation of naval forces - Staff working for “Preparationand employment of forces” programmePreparation of air forces - Staff working for “Preparationand employment of forces” programmeLogistics and joint services support - Staff working for“Preparation and employment of forces” programmeCost overruns related to operations - Staff working for“Preparation and employment of forces” programmeReal estate - Staff working for “Real estate” actionSocial action, unemployment and pensionsDefenceSupport to defence policy (212)Culture and education policy - management andcommunication of historical archives of the Ministry of Defence- Staff working for “Culture and education policy” actionRestructuring programme - HR10Management, support - Staff working for “Management,support” actionDefence information day - Staff working for “Defenceinformation day” programmeInfluence and external contributionManagement, support and communication - staffexpenditure of ministerial cabinets and attached bodies/Human resources
MissionsDefence-nation links (167)Veterans,remembranceanddefencenation linksActionsProgrammesDefence information dayRemembrance policyLife debt managementRecognition and compensation for veterans (169)Management of war disability pensions rightsSolidarityPolicy in favour of repatriatesDual research in life sciencesResearchand highereducationDual (civil and military) research (191)Dual research in information and communication sciencesand technologyDual research in aerospaceOther dual research and technological developments11
2.2 Breakdown of budgetary credits by programmes (opex1 and including pensions) 2,398.38M 38.30M 180.07M 1,335.95M 10,051.37M“Defence” mission: 40,841.04MEnvironmentand future defence policy (P144)Equipment of the armed forces (P146)Preparation and employment of forces (P178)Support to the defence policy (P212)Total forthe French Ministryfor the Armed Forces: 43.5bn(including pensions andresources from sales)“Veterans, remembranceand defence-nation links”mission: 2,436.68MDefence-nation links (P167)Recognition and compensationfor veterans (P169)Dual(civil and military) research P191: 180.07M12 22,106.69M 7,347.02MDual research (P191)1. The amount contained in the Initial Finance Law about French overseas operations is 450M including 170Mon the wage bill (on the programme 212) and 280M excluding the wage bill (on the programme 178).For the record: the marginal difference that may exist in the totals is due to rounded figures.
2.3 B reakdown of the “Defence” mission’s budgetary resources(2017 Initial Finance Law, resources from sales, excluding pensions)Strategic operationsWage bill (T2) excluding overseas operations2017 Resources(excluding pensions) in bn11.4Wage bill 11.6bnT2 overseas operations0.2Training (AOP)1.1Running and specific activities (FAS)2.4Excluding T2 overseas operations0.3Other armament operations (AOA)1.3Nuclear deterrence (DIS)3.9Support equipment (EAC)1.0Armament programmes environment (EPA)0.1Scheduled equipment maintenance (EPM)3.4EquipmentScheduled staff management (EPP)0.2Defence infrastructures (INFRA)1.2 17.3bnProgrammes with major impact (PEM)5.4Prospects and preparation of the future (PPA)0.6Intelligence (RENS)“Defence” mission total0.332.7For the record: the marginal difference that may exist in the totals is due to rounded figures.Excluding equipment 3.8bn13
2.4 Support to Defence Research and DevelopmentThe French Ministry for the Armed Forces fosters and supports industrial and technological innovation. In 2017, the FrenchMinistry for the Armed Forces allocates 4.9bn to Research and Development (R&D).RESEARCHAND DEVELOPMENT (R&D)including Defence studies 4.928bn Development P146DEFENCESTUDIESincluding R&T14 1.585bn AEC* research P146 Dual research P191 Operationaland technical operationalstudies P144 Strategicand future-oriented studiesP144RESEARCHAND TECHNOLOGY (R&T)including Technology demonstrations 851M Subsidies ONERA andFranco-German ResearchInstitute in St. Louis (ISL) - 44P144 720M Contracts concludedwith industry Subsidies which enableto support innovationon dual matters (ASTRID,RAPID**, PhDs,competitiveness clusters)* French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission.** Projects developed within Defence - Small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) Pact.The sum specified for each circle includes in particular the sum indicated for the inner circle.
3. The ministry manpower in 20163.1 Breakdown of personnel per staff category in 2016 in ETPT1Public-sector workers16,567Officers32,459Cat. C or level III20,566Cat. B or level II12,081Cat. A or level I11,123Volunteers2,067Total ²92,0901. Full-Time Worked Equivalents: unit of headcount which takes in account the agent’s period of professional activity for the year and his/her working time portion.2. Non-commissioned officers (petty officers in the Navy).3. Leading seamen and sailors in the Navy.
3.2 Breakdown of soldiers, per staff category and per managing servicesIn ETPTOfficersNCOsArmy13,70137,855Navy4,492Air .0100.0Gendarmerie1Other managing services2Total%16Enlisted ranks-and-filesVolunteersField: all soldiers under Defence’s PMEA.It means that 13,701 officers have been managed by Army in 2016.1. These data only include gendarmes under Defence’s PMEA, that is to say Maritime Gendarmerie, Air Gendarmerie, Ordnance Gendarmerie (DGA) and NuclearOrdnance Security (security force for the French nuclear arsenal).2. APM, CGA and SID.Nota bene 1: students of the École Polytechnique are no longer under Defence’s PMEA since 2015.Nota bene 2: soldiers from Army or Navy who are employed by other ministries or by territorial administration (i.e. apart from Defence’s PMEA), are not takeninto account. It concerns, for Army, Training and response units of the French Civil Defence (UIISC) and the Paris Fire Brigade (BSPP) which areemployed by the French Ministry of the Interior, and, for Navy, the Marseille Marine Fire Department (BMPM).
3.3 Breakdown of civilian personnel, per staff categoryIn ETPTArmyNavyAir Force1Miscellaneous2Total%Cat. Aor level I8134257379,14811,12318.4Cat. Bor level IICat. Cor level .473.7100.01. Including SIAé.2. SCA, SSA, DGA, SGA (including DICoD), DIRISI, SEA, SIMu, OIAS, DRM, DRSD, DGSE, DPID, DGSIC, DGRIS and EMA (heart of this service).17
3.4 Women/men breakdown in 2016 in .962.1100.020.479.6100.0The average age of soldiers is 33.2 years old (33.1 years old for women and 33.2 years old for men).The average age of civilian personnel is 47.4 years old (47.8 years old for women and 47.1 years old for men).18
3.5 Breakdown of personnel per statusSoldiersIn areerTotal49,17442,91692,090Enlisted 3,686131,435205,12135.964.1100.0Total%CiviliansIn ETPTPublic servantsUnestablishedpublic servants4,375Cat. A or level I6,748Cat. B or level II10,9441,137Cat. C or level III16,978-Public-sector workersTotal%Public-sector 734,6709,10016,56760,33757.415.127.5100.019
4. Defence pillar of the National GuardThe National Guard comprises the operational reserve of the armed forces and of the national Gendarmerie and the civilianreserve of the national Police. Only the figures relating to the operational reserve of armed forces (level 1 or RO1) arepresented in this document.4.1 Breakdown of the French Ministry for the Armed Forces’ operational reserve (excluding nationalGendarmerie) per armed forces, departments and managing servicesDistribution of volunteers under ESR* per category and per armed forces, departments and managing servicesOfficers20ArmyNavyAir %Source: General Secretariat of the CSRM.Field: total of reservists under ESR* on the 31st December 2016.* Reserve commitment (contracts).** Military chaplains and logistics officers.Enlisted .0%14.9%9.1%1.4%0.3%0.3%100.0%
4.2 Budget of the French Ministry for the Armed Forces’ operational reserveThe budget of the French Ministry for the Armed Forces’ operational reserve increased from 71.4M in 2014 to 81.9M in 2015 and 101.3M in 2016. This increase of 29.9M in two years corresponds to a 41.9% increase in thebudget allocated to the operational reserve.Armed Forces20142015201671.481.9101.321
5. Operational deployments of the French armed forcesMore than 30,000 French deployed soldiers*National Territory:13,000 soldiers deployed onnational territory (including3,000 as strategic reserve)- Land engagement- Maritime security- Aviation safetyOverseas operations:Presence forcesBarkhaneSovereignty forcesCorymbeMauritania - MaliBurkina FasoNiger - ChadSyria - Iraq100French West Indies(FAA) 1,000French Guiana ar deterrence:XXX Number of soldiers1,450950350200Djibouti(FFDJ)French Polynesia(FAPF) 900Gabon(EFG)New rsEnhanced ForwardPresence (eFP)EstoniaIvory Coast(FFCI)250DamanLebanonSenegal(EFS) 350Atalanta/OPT/CMF(including commandof TF 150)EUNAVFOR MedUnited Arab Emirates650 (FFEAU)300soldiersParticipation in multinational operations (NATO/UNO/EU)DRC (MONUSCO): 5Liberia (UNMIL) / Sinai (MFO): 5CAR (MINUSCA EUTM NSE): 280Mali (EUTM MINUSMA): from 30 to 50Sahara (MINURSO): from 5 to 15Ivory Coast (UNOCI): from 30 to 50* Soldiers on operations, on a mission or on alert.Joint Staff / July 2017
6. Equipment of the armed forces6.1 Army (figures on the 1st July 2017)EquipmentArmoured vehicleCombat tankLeclercAmount6,634200EquipmentInfantry equipment155Milan firing stationHotEryxJavelinTracked armoured vehicleVHM (High-mobility vehicle)DCL (Leclerc repair tank)AMX 30 DEBG & SDPMAC1Wheeled vehicleAMX 10 RCRERC 90 SagaieVBCI (Armoured infantry fighting vehicle)Troop transport (all types of LAV)LAV (PVP)LAV (VBL-VB2L)AravisBuffaloConventional artillery155 mm self-propelled gunVOA (Artillery observation vehicle)120 mm mortarLRU (Unitary launch rocket system)1. Pyrotechnic mine disposal system for anti-tank mines.2. Training fleet (EC120 Colibri) has been 1643631218914013FELINAnti-tank weapon systemHelicopterAll types of GazelleTigreCougarPuma SA 699622668823Training helicopter18Liaison aircraft13Fennec2TBM 700 (8), Pilatus (5)Ground-to-air weapon systemUpgraded Mistral firing stationUAV (delivered by air)SDTI (Sperwer tactical UAV system)DRAC (Close-range reconnaissance UAV system)1822122163253823
6.2 Navy (figures on the 1st July 2017)EquipmentCombat and support shipNuclear-powered ballistic missile submarineNuclear-powered attack submarineAircraft carrierLanding Helicopter Dock (LHD)1st rank frigate1Surveillance frigateOffshore patrol vessel2MinehunterFrance’s overseas departments and territories supportship3Command and replenishment shipLanding Platform Dock (LPD) and Landing craft4Maritime GendarmeriePatrol boat and costal cutter524Amount7446131762011331738-Hydrographic and oceanographic shipChannel mine clearance and surveillance47Auxiliary ship4Base ship for mine clearance and sonar towing vessel6Sea tugboat, regional support ship7-EquipmentOn-board aircraftFrench Navy RafaleHawkeye – E2CAmount45423Maritime patrol aircraft22Maritime surveillance aircraft13Combat and rescue helicopter53Atlantique 2Falcon 50 MFalcon 200-85Caiman Marine (18), Panther (16),Lynx (16), Dauphin Pedro (3)Support and public service helicopter26Maritime support aircraft24Dauphin N and Dauphin N3 Alouette IIIFalcon 10 MXinguCap 10 M81861171 Polar Logistic Vessel or PLV (the delivery date is on after 1st July 2017).3. 3 multi-mission ships.4. 13 Landing Craft Mechanized (LCM), 4 Landing Catamaran (LCAT).5. 6 coastal patrol boats (Gendarmerie), 24 coastal surveillance cuttersExperimentations and tests ship3for maritime surveillance, 8 surveillance cutters for maritime and portsurveillance.1. 2 air defence frigates, 2 anti-aircraft frigates, 4 European multi-mission6. 4 base ships for mine clearance, 3 sonar towing vessels.frigates, 4 anti-submarine frigates, 5 La Fayette-class frigates.2. 9 offshore patrol vessels, 3 coastal patrol boats, 3 P 400-class patrol ships, 7. 1 ocean going tug, 3 regional support ships.1 Guyanese light patrol boat (PLG), 3 patrol ships (Arago, Le Malin, Fulmar), 8. 8 training ships, 2 sailing schooners, 4 sailing cutters.TrainingNavy academy training ship and sailing boat814-
6.3 Air Force (figures on the 1st July 2017)EquipmentCombat aircraftRafale (omnirole)Mirage 2000 N (nuclear and conventional assault)Mirage 2000 D (conventional assault)Mirage 2000-5 and 2000 C (air defence)Mirage 2000 B (transformation)Transport aircraftA340 and A310 (strategic airlift)C160 Transall (tactical transport)C130 Hercules (tactical transport)CN235 (tactical transport light)A400M Atlas (tactical transport with strategic range)Amount23298226838678521142711Support aircraft20Liaison aircraft27C135FR and KC 135 (tanker aircraft)E-3F SDCA (airborne detection command and control)C160G (electromagnetic intelligence gathering)A330, Falcon 7X, Falcon 900 and Falcon 2000(aircraft for governmental use)TBM 700 and DHC6 (liaison aircraft)1442EquipmentTraining aircraftEpsilon (pilot’s initial training)Alpha Jet (fighter pilot’s training)2Xingu (transport pilot’s training)1Amount139328423Helicopter76UAV (delivered by air)10Ground-to-air weapon system20Fennec (Air defence - air security active measures)Caracal (Combat Search and Rescue)Super Puma and Puma (Transport, Search and Rescue)tHarfangReaperCrotale NGSAMP “Mamba”7201. Management of training aircraft Grob 120 and Cirrus SR20 and SR22 has been outsourced.2. Including Patrouille de France.4010264612825
7. Comparisons of the defence budgetbetween the United States and the European itedKingdomFranceEUGermany(22 3.2NetherlandsSpainDefence budget* in 2016(as a percentage of Gross domestic product [GDP])26Defence budget* in 2016 bn (prices of 2010)7000.0%* Including pensions.** 22 countries of EU members of Nato (excluding UK).Source: Nato - Statistical Memorandum (March 2017)Nota bene: the choice to count in dollars (prices of 2010) is based on the desire to be close to Nato source and not to introduce a biaslinked to the choice of the euro/dollar exchange rate. Data is directly accessible on the Nato website.
8. GlossaryAPM: Military Criminal AffairsCGA: General Inspectorate of the French Armed ForcesCIE: Joint Command SpaceCSRM: High Council of the Military ReserveDGA: Defence Procurement AgencyDGRIS: Directorate General for International Relations and StrategyDGSE: Directorate General for External SecurityDGSIC: Directorate General for Information and Communication SystemsDICoD: Defence Information and Public Affairs DirectorateDIRISI: Joint Department of Infrastructure Networks and Information SystemsDPID: Directorate for Protection of Installations, Means and Activities of DefenceDRSD: Directorate for Defence Intelligence and SecurityDRM: Directorate of Military IntelligenceEMA: Joint Staff27
28LFI: Initial Finance LawLOLF: Organic Law relating to Finance LawsLPM: Military Programming LawOIAS: Joint Support ServiceOPEX: Overseas operationsPMEA: Ministerial Ceiling of Authorized PostsREO: Repository for the organizationSCA: Administrative, General Support and Legal ServiceSEA: Petrol, Oil and Lubricant ServicesSGA: General Secretariat for AdministrationSIAé: Aircraft Maintenance Service, i.e. State-owned aviation workshops groupSID: Defence Infrastructure ServiceSIMu: Joint Ammunition AgencySSA: Defence Health Service
9. For further informationFrench Ministry for the Armed Forces websitewww.defense.gouv.frSources: 2017 Initial Finance Law 2017 Defence Statistical Yearbook 2016 Social Report 2013 French White Paper on Defence and National Security Updating of the 2014-2019 Military Programming29
Notes30
Notes31
Publishing director: Valérie LecasbleProject managers: Franck Leclerc, Quentin RoussyContributors: SGA (DAF, DRH-MD),EMA/COM, SIRPA (Army, Navy, Air Force),DGA/COMM, CSRMHead of publishing office: Commander Jérôme BaroëArt director: Jean-Charles MougeotGraphic designers: Thierry Véron, Christine PirotManufacturing: Jean-François Munier - distribution: Eva Kouda July 2017 - Printed by: Loire offset Titoulet32
and human resources 3.4% Jobs and employment 4.9% Other State missions 7.3% Solidarity, social insertion and equal opportunity policy 5.6% Security 6.1% Territorial equality and housing 5.8% Research and higher education 8.4% Veterans, remembrance and defence-nation links 0.8% Defence 12.7% P191 Civilian and military dual research 0.1% .
