Adapted Physical Education

Transcription

Adapted Physical EducationResource ManualDeveloped by:Carlos Cervantes, MA, CAPEThe Ohio State UniversityLauren Lieberman, PhDSUNY BrockportKristi Roth, PhD (Editor)University of Wisconsin Stevens PointCarol Ryan, PhDNorthern Kentucky UniversityAdditional Contributors: Margaret Altieri, Laura Brodfuehrer ,Sean Condon,Jillian Diesel, Carol DiPerna, Mary Ellis, Tait Hightower, Eric Kohl, Kira Labagh,Julie Larson, Janel Nickol ,Colleen Quinn, Katie Robonson, Erin Shuart, MichelleSullivan, Methuselah Thao, Brent Vance, Tricia WalkerUpdated July 2011

2IntroductionThe purpose of this manual is to assist parents, educators, administrators,professionals, students, and other interested parties in finding resources relatedto adapted physical education. All resources culminated in this document arelinked to the internet. It is the goal of the authors to facilitate the research ofthose interested in the field by compiling many links into one valuable resource.Table of ContentsChapter 1Disability Advocacy OrganizationsChapter 2Disability Sport OrganizationsChapter 3Equipment CompaniesChapter 4Education Websites and ListsChapter 5Family Support OrganizationsChapter 6Human ResourcesChapter 7Media (Print and Video)Chapter 8Specialists in the Field 2011, SHAPE America – Society of Health and Physical Educators www.shapeamerica.org1900 Association Drive, Reston, VA 20191 800.213-7193 membership@shapeamerica.org

3Chapter 1Disability OrganizationsBelow are organizations providing information and support. Click on theindexed link to jump to the web link, mission statement, and contactinformation for each organization.IndexGeneral OrganizationsCouncil for Exceptional Children (CEC)Disabled Sports USAInclusive Fitness CoalitionThe National Center on Physical Activity and DisabilityNCPERID: National Consortium for Physical Education forIndividuals with DisabilitiesPACER: Parent Advocacy Coalition for Educational RightsPE Central: Adapted Physical EducationDisability-Specific OrganizationsAttention Deficit Disorder AssociationChildren and Adults with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity DisorderAutism Society of AmericaThe American Council of the BlindNational Federation of the BlindUnited Cerebral PalsyThe American Diabetes AssociationNational Diabetes Information ClearinghouseThe Epilepsy FoundationMuscular Dystrophy AssociationNational Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders(NIDCD)National Association of the DeafNational Center for Learning DisordersLearning Disabilities Association of AmericaThe ARCNational Down Syndrome SocietyAmerican Association on Intellectual and Developmental DisabilitiesFind further contact information and mission statements below on thefollowing page. 2011, SHAPE America – Society of Health and Physical Educators www.shapeamerica.org1900 Association Drive, Reston, VA 20191 800.213-7193 membership@shapeamerica.org

4Council for Exceptional Children (CEC)1110 North Glebe RoadSuite 300Arlington, VA 22201703-620-3660http:// www.cec.sped.orgMissionThe Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) is dedicated to improvingeducational outcomes for individuals with exceptionalities, students withdisabilities, and/or the gifted. CEC advocates for appropriate governmentalpolicies, sets professional standards, provides continual professionaldevelopment, advocates for newly and historically underserved individuals withexceptionalities, and helps professionals obtain conditions and resourcesnecessary for effective professional practice.Disabled Sports USA451 Hungerford DriveSuite 100Rockville, MD MissionA national nonprofit organization offering nationwide sports rehabilitationprograms to anyone with a permanent disability. Activities include winter skiing,water sports, summer and winter competitions, fitness and special sports events.Participants include those with visual impairments, amputations, spinal cordinjury, dwarfism, multiple sclerosis, head injury, cerebral palsy, and otherneuromuscular and orthopedic conditions.Inclusive Fitness CoalitionMissionThe mission of the Inclusive Fitness Coalition is to facilitate an expandedcoordination of organizations and individuals to address the complexity ofpersonal, social, cultural, political, and economic factors that influence -positivelyand negatively - the participation of people with disabilities in physical activity,fitness, sports and recreation.The National Center on Physical Activity and Disability1640 W. Roosevelt Rd.Chicago, Il 60608-6904800-900-8086http://www.ncpad.org/ 2011, SHAPE America – Society of Health and Physical Educators www.shapeamerica.org1900 Association Drive, Reston, VA 20191 800.213-7193 membership@shapeamerica.org

5MissionThe mission of the National Center on Physical Activity and Disability (NCPAD) isto promote substantial health benefits that can be gained from participating inregular physical activity. The slogan of NCPAD is Exercise is for EVERY body,and every person can gain some health benefit from being more physicallyactive. This site provides information and resources that can enable people withdisabilities to become as physically active as they choose to be.NCPERID: National Consortium for Physical Education for Individuals withDisabilitiesMissionThe Mission of the National Consortium for Physical Education and Recreationfor Individuals with Disabilities is to promote research, professional preparation,service delivery, and advocacy of Physical Education and Recreation forindividuals with disabilities.PACER: Parent Advocacy Coalition for Educational Rights8161 Normandale Blvd.Minneapolis, MN 55437952-838-9000http://www.pacer.orgMissionThe mission of PACER Center is to expand opportunities and enhance thequality of life of children and young adults with disabilities and their families,based on the concept of parents helping parents.PE Central: Adapted Physical EducationPO Box 10262Blacksburg, VA adaptedmenu.htmlMissionThe adapted physical education section provides information on teachingphysical education to students with disabilities.Disability-Specific OrganizationsAttention Deficit Disorder AssociationADDAP.O. Box 7557Wilmington, DE 19803-9997800-939-0119 2011, SHAPE America – Society of Health and Physical Educators www.shapeamerica.org1900 Association Drive, Reston, VA 20191 800.213-7193 membership@shapeamerica.org

6MissionThe mission of ADDA is to provide information, resources and networking toadults with AD/HD and to the professionals who work with them. In doing so,ADDA generates hope, awareness, empowerment and connections worldwide inthe field of AD/HD. Bringing together scientific perspectives and the humanexperience, the information and resources provided to individuals and familiesaffected by AD/HD and professionals in the field focuses on diagnoses,treatments, strategies and techniques for helping adults with AD/HD lead betterlives.Children and Adults with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder8181 Professional PlaceSuite 150Landover, MD 20785301-306-7070http://www.chadd.orgMissionCHADD represents individuals with AD/HD, for education, advocacy and support.The organization is composed of dedicated volunteers from around the countrywho play an integral part in the association's success by providing resources andencouragement to parents, educators and professionals on a grassroots levelthrough CHADD chapters.Autism Society of America7910 Woodmont AvenueSuite 300Bethesda, MD 20814-3067http://www.autism-society.org/MissionThe Autism Society of America (ASA) is the leading voice and resource of theentire autism community in education, advocacy, services, research and support.The ASA is committed to meaningful participation and self-determination in allaspects of life for individuals on the autism spectrum and their families. ASAaccomplishes its ongoing mission through close collaboration with a successfulnetwork of chapters, members and supporters.The American Council of the Blind2200 Wilson BoulevardSuite 650Arlington, VA 22201202-467-5081 and 800-424-8666http://www.acb.org 2011, SHAPE America – Society of Health and Physical Educators www.shapeamerica.org1900 Association Drive, Reston, VA 20191 800.213-7193 membership@shapeamerica.org

7MissionThe Council strives to improve the well-being of all blind and visually impairedpeople by: serving as a representative national organization of blind people;elevating the social, economic and cultural levels of blind people; improvingeducational and rehabilitation facilities and opportunities; cooperating with thepublic and private institutions and organizations concerned with blind services;encouraging and assisting all blind persons to develop their abilities andconducting a public education program to promote greater understanding ofblindness and the capabilities of blind people.National Federation of the Blind1800 Johnson StreetBaltimore, MD 21230410-659-9314http://www.nfb.org/MissionThe mission of the National Federation of the Blind is to achieve widespreademotional acceptance and intellectual understanding that the real problem ofblindness is not the loss of eyesight but the misconceptions and lack ofinformation which exist. We do this by bringing blind people together to sharesuccesses, to support each other in times of failure, and to create imaginativesolutions.United Cerebral Palsy1660 L StreetNW, Suite 700Washington, DC 20036800-872-5827http://www.ucp.org/MissionUnited Cerebral Palsy's mission is to advance the independence, productivityand full citizenship of people with disabilities through an affiliate network.The American Diabetes Association1701 North Beauregard StreetAlexandria, VA e mission of the Association is to prevent and cure diabetes and to improvethe lives of all people affected by diabetes. To fulfill this mission, the AmericanDiabetes Association funds research, publishes scientific findings, providesinformation and other services to people with diabetes, their families, health 2011, SHAPE America – Society of Health and Physical Educators www.shapeamerica.org1900 Association Drive, Reston, VA 20191 800.213-7193 membership@shapeamerica.org

8professionals and the public. The Association is also actively involved inadvocating for scientific research and for the rights of people with diabetes.National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse1 Information WayBethesda, MD nih.gov/about/index.htmMissionThe National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse (NDIC) is an informationdissemination service of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive andKidney Diseases (NIDDK). The NIDDK is part of the National Institutes of Health(NIH), one of eight health agencies of the Public Health Service, which is underthe U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NDIC was established toincrease knowledge and understanding about diabetes among patients, healthcare professionals, and the general public. To carry out this mission, NDIC worksclosely with NIDDK's Diabetes Research and Training Centers; the NationalDiabetes Education Program (NDEP); professional, patient, and voluntaryassociations; Government agencies; and State health departments to identifyand respond to informational needs about diabetes and its management.The Epilepsy Foundation8301 Professional PlaceLandover, MD n.org/MissionThe Epilepsy Foundation will ensure that people with seizures are able toparticipate in all life experiences; and will prevent, control and cure epilepsythrough research, education, advocacy, and services. The Epilepsy Foundationis the national organization that works for people affected by seizures throughresearch, education, advocacy and service. We are an organization of volunteerscommitted to the prevention and cure of epilepsy and a positive quality of life foreveryone who lives with seizure disorders. Our current strategic goals includebroadening and strengthening of research, providing individuals and families witheasy access to reliable information, and assuring access to appropriate medicalcare for those affected by seizures. 2011, SHAPE America – Society of Health and Physical Educators www.shapeamerica.org1900 Association Drive, Reston, VA 20191 800.213-7193 membership@shapeamerica.org

9Muscular Dystrophy Association of the United States of AmericaMuscular Dystrophy Association - USANational Headquarters3300 E. Sunrise DriveTucson, AZ rgMissionMDA combats neuromuscular diseases through programs of worldwide research,comprehensive medical and community services, and far-reaching professionaland public health education. With national headquarters in Tucson, MDA hasmore than 200 offices across the country, sponsors 230 hospital-affiliated clinicsand supports nearly 400 research projects around the world. The Association'scomprehensive service program includes medical examinations, flu shots,support groups, MDA summerNational Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders(NIDCD)31 Center Drive, MSC 2320Bethesda, MD sionThe National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)is one of the Institutes that comprise the National Institutes of Health (NIH). TheNIDCD is mandated to conduct and support biomedical and behavioral researchand research training in the normal and disordered processes of hearing,balance, smell, taste, voice, speech, and language. The Institute also conductsand supports research and research training related to disease prevention andhealth promotion; addresses special biomedical and behavioral problemsassociated with people who have communication impairments or disorders; andsupports efforts to create devices which substitute for lost and impaired sensoryand communication function.National Association of the Deaf8630 Fenton StreetSuite 820Silver Spring, MD 20910-3876301-587-1788http://www.nad.org/ 2011, SHAPE America – Society of Health and Physical Educators www.shapeamerica.org1900 Association Drive, Reston, VA 20191 800.213-7193 membership@shapeamerica.org

10MissionThe mission of the National Association of the Deaf is to promote, protect, andpreserve the rights and quality of life of deaf and hard of hearing individuals inthe United States of America.National Center for Learning Disorders381 Park Avenue SouthSuite 1401New York, NY 10016212-545-7510http://www.ncld.org/MissionThe National Center for Learning Disabilities (NCLD) works to ensure that thenation's 15 million children, adolescents and adults with learning disabilities haveevery opportunity to succeed in school, work and life. NCLD provides essentialinformation to parents, professionals and individuals with learning disabilities,promotes research and programs to foster effective learning and advocates forpolicies to protect and strengthen educational rights and opportunities.Learning Disabilities Association of America4156 Library RoadPittsburgh, PA ssionLDA's mission is to create opportunities for success for all individuals affected bylearning disabilities and to reduce the incidence of learning disabilities in futuregenerations LDA visualizes a world in which all individuals with learningdisabilities are empowered to thrive and participate fully in society; the incidenceof learning disabilities is reduced; and learning disabilities are universallyunderstood and effectively addressed.The Arc1010 Wayne AvenueSuite 650Silver Spring, MD 20910301-565-3842http://www.thearc.org/MissionThe Arc of the United States advocates for the rights and full participation of allchildren and adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Together withour network of members and affiliated chapters, we improve systems of supportsand services; connect families; inspire communities and influence public policy. 2011, SHAPE America – Society of Health and Physical Educators www.shapeamerica.org1900 Association Drive, Reston, VA 20191 800.213-7193 membership@shapeamerica.org

11The Arc is the national organization of and for people with mental retardation andrelated developmental disabilities and their families. It is devoted to promotingand improving supports and services for people with mental retardation and theirfamilies. The association also fosters research and education regarding theprevention of mental retardation in infants and young children.National Down Syndrome Society666 BroadwayNew York, NY 10012800-221-4602www.ndss.orgMissionThe mission of the National Down Syndrome Society is to benefit people withDown syndrome and their families through national leadership, education,research, and advocacy.American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities444 North Capitol St.Suite 846Washington, DC 20001800-424-3688http://www.aamr.orgMissionThe AAMR promotes progressive policies, sound research, effective practices,and universal human right for people with intellectual and developmentaldisabilities. 2011, SHAPE America – Society of Health and Physical Educators www.shapeamerica.org1900 Association Drive, Reston, VA 20191 800.213-7193 membership@shapeamerica.org

12Chapter 2Disability Sport OrganizationsBelow are organizations providing information and support. Click on theindexed link to jump to the web link and description for each organization.Activeamp.orgAdaptive Adventure Sports CoalitionAdaptive Sports CenterAmerica's Athletes With Disabilities, Inc.American Amputee Soccer AssociationAthletes Helping AthletesBlaze Sports AmericaBlind Sailing InternationalCerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association(CPISRA)Challenged Athletes FoundationChildren’s Golf Foundation Inc.Shooting 4 DisabledDisabled Sports USADwarf Athletic Association of AmericaGoal BallInclusive Fitness CoalitionInternational Paralympic Committee — United KingdomInternational Sports Federation for Persons with an IntellectualDisability (INAS-FID)International Sports Organization of the Deaf (CISS)International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports Federation (IWAS)National Sports Center for the DisabledNational Wheelchair Basketball AssociationSkating Association for the Blind and Handicapped, Inc. (SABAH)Special OlympicsUnited States Quad Rugby AssociationWorld T.E.A.M. Sports 2011, SHAPE America – Society of Health and Physical Educators www.shapeamerica.org1900 Association Drive, Reston, VA 20191 800.213-7193 membership@shapeamerica.org

13Disability Sport Organizations, Descriptions and Web LinksActiveamp.orgProvides adaptive sports news, details of events, contacts, and information linksfor amputees.www.activeamp.orgThe Adaptive Adventure Sports Coalition (TAASC)Non-profit organization with the mission to enhance the quality of people withdisabilities through sports and recreation activities.http://www.taasc.org/Adaptive Sports CenterThe Adaptive Sports Center (ASC) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization thatseeks to improve the quality of life of people with disabilities through outdooradventure activities. The programs we offer are inclusive to families and friends,empower our participants in their daily lives and have an enduring impact on theirhealth, self-confidence and well-being.http://www.adaptivesports.orgAmerican Amputee Soccer AssociationNon-profit association with the mission to promote social interaction, self-esteem,and self-confidence among youth and adults through recreational and n Association of Adapted Sports Programs (AAASP)The American Association of Adapted Sports Programs, Inc. (AAASP) is aGeorgia-based nonprofit organization that builds interscholastic sports leaguesfor students with physical disabilities or visual impairments in grades 1 through12. AAASP serves as the governing body, athletic association for these sportsprograms, and develops and operates statewide league programs and hasdeveloped a comprehensive training and certification infrastructure for AAASPcoaches, officials, and coordinators, as well as for physical activity rg/America's Athletes With Disabilities, Inc.Consortium of five member disabled sports organizations whose mission is toraise and manage the funds necessary to support athletic competitions fordisabled persons.www.americasathletes.org 2011, SHAPE America – Society of Health and Physical Educators www.shapeamerica.org1900 Association Drive, Reston, VA 20191 800.213-7193 membership@shapeamerica.org

14Athletes Helping AthletesProvide handcycles, wheelchairs, prosthetics and other adaptive sportsequipment to children with disabilities. Includes event list, grant application,letters from recipients, and donation n/rrs/aha/ahaHome.jspBlazeSports AmericaBlazeSports America provides sports training, competitions, and other sport andrecreation activities to youth and adults who are wheelchair users, have a visualimpairment, have an amputation, or who have a neurological disability (e.g.,cerebral palsy, spina bifida). Participants can start as early as 6 years-old of age(depending on the program), through adulthood.http://www.blazesports.org/Blind Sailing InternationalThe governing body for competitive international sailing for persons who are blindor visually impaired.http://www.blindsailing.net/Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CPISRA)International association of professionals committed to increase the opportunitiesof people with cerebral palsy to participate in sport, recreation and/or leisureactivities of their choosing.http://www.cpisra.org/Challenged Athletes FoundationCharity providing grants to athletes with a physical disability. History, news,grantees, newsletter and how to apply for �s Golf Foundation, Inc.Based on West Palm Beach, the Children’s Golf Foundation is dedicated toprovide programming and instruction in golf to children with disabilities. Theirmain goal is to teach children with disabilities how to play the game of golf.http://www.childrensgolf.org/Shooting 4 DisabledProvides information about target shooting including equipment, positions, andinstruction for people with bled Sports USAOffers sports rehabilitation programs throughout the U.S. to anyone with apermanent disability. Activities include winter skiing, water sports, summer andwinter competitions, fitness and special sports events. Participants include thosewith visual impairments, amputations, spinal cord injury, dwarfism, multiple 2011, SHAPE America – Society of Health and Physical Educators www.shapeamerica.org1900 Association Drive, Reston, VA 20191 800.213-7193 membership@shapeamerica.org

15sclerosis, head injury, cerebral palsy, and other neuromuscular and org/Dwarf Athletic Association of AmericaForms, news, events, contacts and association information from this organizationthat promotes sports for individuals who are dwarfs as a result ofchondrodysplasia or related causes.http://www.daaa.org/Goal BallGoalball is a team sport designed for blind athletes. Participants compete inteams of three, and try to throw a ball that has bells embedded in it, into theopponents' goal. They must use the sound of the bell to judge the position andmovement of the ball. Games consist of two 10 minute halves. Blindfolds allowpartially sighted players to compete on an equal footing with blind ional Paralympic Committee — United KingdomThe international representative organization of elite sports for athletes withdisabilities. IPC organizes, supervises and co-ordinates the Paralympic Gamesand other multi-disability competitions on elite sports level, of which the mostimportant are world and regional championships. It is an international non-profitorganization formed and run by 160 National Paralympic Committees and 5disability specific international sports federations.http://www.paralympic.org/release/Main Sections Menu/index.htmlInternational Sports Federation for Persons with an Intellectual Disability(INAS-FID)The philosophy of INAS-FID is based on the principle of normalization. Thismeans that persons with intellectual disability are members of society entitled tothe same rights, opportunities and duties as everyone else.http://www.inas.org/International Sports Organization of the Deaf (CISS)Contains information about international competitions for the deaf, the executivecommittee, updated sports information, and more.http://www.deaflympics.com/International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports Federation (IWAS)IWAS is a vibrant and constantly growing Federation providing opportunity forpersons with a physical disability to participate in sport from grass roots to elite.http://www.iwasf.com/ 2011, SHAPE America – Society of Health and Physical Educators www.shapeamerica.org1900 Association Drive, Reston, VA 20191 800.213-7193 membership@shapeamerica.org

16National Sports Center for the DisabledProvides recreation and competitive opportunities for children and adults withdisabilities. Activities include skiing, horseback riding, camping, rock climbing,plus education and outreach programs.http://nscd.org/National Wheelchair Basketball Association (NWBA)Recognized as the oldest and largest disability sport organization in the UnitedStates. NWBA is a non-profit organization localized in Colorado Springs,Colorado. Their mission is to serve as the national governing body for men's,women's and youth wheelchair basketball in the United States.http://www.nwba.org/Skating Association for the Blind and Handicapped, Inc. (SABAH)A not-for-profit educational corporation for children, youths and adults inWestern New York.www.sabahinc.orgSpecial OlympicsGlobal headquarters for the worldwide Special Olympics Movement, providingyear-round sports training and competition for more than one million athletes.www.specialolympics.orgWorld T.E.A.M. SportsWorld T.E.A.M. Sports brings individuals with and without disabilities together toundertake unique athletic events throughout the world to encourage, promote,and develop opportunities in sports for all people. Our team oriented athleticevents coupled with medical and educational outreach programs stimulate thepower of learning through d States Quad Rugby AssociationThe mission of the US Quad Rugby Association is to develop, organize, andrepresent the sport of Quad Rugby in the United States.http://www.quadrugby.com/ 2011, SHAPE America – Society of Health and Physical Educators www.shapeamerica.org1900 Association Drive, Reston, VA 20191 800.213-7193 membership@shapeamerica.org

17Chapter 3Equipment CompaniesAdapted/Regular Physical EducationThe following websites contain equipment for both general and adapted physicaleducation. Most adapted equipment is not listed under adapted physicaleducation but under the sport that the equipment would be used in.Flaghouse http://www.flaghouse.comDiscount School Supply http://www.discountschoolsupply.com/Gym Closet http://www.gymcloset.com/Gopher Sport http://www.gophersport.com/SSWW http://www.ssww.com/Palos Sports http://www.palossports.com/Athletic Stuff http://www.athleticstuff.com/Big Fitness http://www.bigfitness.com/BicyclesBlackbird Mobility: http://www.blackbirdbikes.com/adaptive.htmAdaptive Equipment - Special Needs CustomizationThe Quadribents side by side recumbent bikes feature co-steering, whichallows either rider to pilot the vehicle. The dual-drive allows people with differentphysical abilities to go biking together with either rider generating from 0 to 100percent of the pedal power.Lose the Training Wheels: http://www.losethetrainingwheels.orgLose The Training Wheels is more than just a bike-riding program. For manychildren with disabilities, bike riding is a seemingly impossible task they cantypically master in less than a week’s time. Within days of learning to ride, manychildren exhibit independent behaviors for the first time ever. This achievement,in turn, creates a gateway of opportunity, helping them gain assurance and selfreliance in many other aspects of their lives.Angle Tech Cycles: http://www.angletechcycles.com/This website contains modified bicycles that allow a person to sit back and usetheir feet or hands to travel. This company can also create bikes according tospecial needs. 2011, SHAPE America – Society of Health and Physical Educators www.shapeamerica.org1900 Association Drive, Reston, VA 20191 800.213-7193 membership@shapeamerica.org

18Wheelchairs/MobilityMAKOA: http://www.makoa.org/mobility.htmThis phenomenal website links to many different websites about manywheelchairs. There are companies linked that make four-wheel drivewheelchairs, beach wheelchairs, all terrain wheelchairs and wheelchairscustomized with fishing holes.Sportaid: http://www.sportaid.com/This unique wheelchair website has many various types of transportation devicesfor students who are not mobile without aid. It offers sports style wheelchairs toelectronic carts. This website also has accessories that can be used to fix orimprove the current wheelchair.USA Tech Guide: http://www.usatechguide.org/This is an informational website about wheelchairs and how to properly find theright kind of wheelchair for a specific person. There is a lot to take intoconsideration when picking a wheelchair and this site helps gives the pros andcons from seat depth to the kind of wheels to choose.Spokes N Motion: http://w

Adapted Physical Education Resource Manual Developed by: Carlos Cervantes, MA, CAPE The Ohio State University Lauren Lieberman, PhD SUNY Brockport