Transcription
Presentation Plus! The American Republic To 1877Copyright by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.Developed by FSCreations, Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio 45202Send all inquiries to:GLENCOE DIVISIONGlencoe/McGraw-Hill8787 Orion PlaceColumbus, Ohio 43240
Chapter IntroductionSection 1Roanoke and JamestownSection 2New England ColoniesSection 3Middle ColoniesSection 4Southern ColoniesChapter SummaryChapter AssessmentClick on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slides.
Click the Speaker buttonto replay the audio.
Chapter ObjectivesSection 1: Early English Settlements Identify the crop that saved the people ofJamestown. Explain how the colonists received political rights.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information.
Chapter ObjectivesSection 2: New England Colonies Explain why the Pilgrims and the Puritans cameto America. Describe how the Connecticut, Rhode Island, andthe New Hampshire colonies began.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information.
Chapter ObjectivesSection 3: Middle Colonies Explain why the Middle Colonies had the mostdiverse populations in colonial America. Identify America’s first town planner.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information.
Chapter ObjectivesSection 4: Southern Colonies Understand why the Southern Colonies wereestablished. Compare and contrast France’s colony in NorthAmerica with the English colonies.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information.
Why It MattersA new culture took root in North America. Thevalues and beliefs of this new culture developedas people from several parts of the worldmigrated to the continent.
The Impact TodayThe colonies influenced values and beliefs manyAmericans cherish today.For example: Many people still come to the Americas insearch of economic opportunity and religiousfreedom. Representative government remains animportant part of the American politicalsystem.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information.
Guide to ReadingMain IdeaJamestown became the first successfully establishedEnglish colony in North America.Key Terms charter joint-stock company headright burgessClick the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information.
English soldier’s helmet, JamestownClick the Speaker buttonto replay the audio.
The Mystery at Roanoke1. The English defeat of the Spanish Armadaended Spanish control of the seas.2. Sir Walter Raleigh settled Roanoke Is.( North Carolina )A. Two attempts failedB. Lost Colony ( Croatoan )(pages 70–71)Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information.
Success at Jamestown1. In April 1607, settlers sent by the VirginiaCompany in London entered Chesapeake Bayand founded Jamestown. The Virginia Co. ofLondon was a joint stock Company. Charters:Proprietary, corporate and royal----Jamestownwas a corporate and then a royal colony.2. Jamestown was the 1st permanent Englishcolony in America.3. John Smith saves the colony in 16084. The winter of 1609-1610 “Starvingtime”- --nearly wiped out the colony----(pages 71–73)Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information.
Success at Jamestown (cont.)5. Tobacco production saved the colony:A. John Rolfe/Pocahontas/Chief PowahatanB. Indentured servantsC. African Americans from Africa slavery waslegalized in 1660.D. Women helped to establish families.1619 90 women arrive6. The Virginia Company of London allowed forheadrights and a representative government whichbecame known as the “the houSe ofBurgeSSeS” --- ( 10 towns with tworepresentatives from each )(pages 71–73)Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information.
Checking for UnderstandingDefine Match the terms on the right with their definitions on theleft.B 1. elected representatives to anassemblyA. charterA 2. a document that gives the holderthe right to organize settlementsin an areaC. joint-stockcompanyC 3. a company in which investorsbuy stock in the company inreturn for a share of its futureprofitsClick the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answers.B. burgesses
Checking for UnderstandingReviewing Facts Why did the VirginiaCompany establish settlements in NorthAmerica?Possible answer: Originally they wanted tosearch for gold and trade in fish and furs.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Reviewing ThemesEconomic Factors What economic activityhelped save the Jamestown settlement?Growing tobacco helped save the Jamestownsettlement.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Critical ThinkingMaking Inferences Why do you think theking of England was willing to let a group ofmerchants try to establish a colony in NorthAmerica?The king wanted both the political power ofruling overseas colonies and economicrewards, without risking his nation’s resourceson the venture.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Analyzing VisualsGeography Skills Study the map on page 72of your textbook. What percentage of settlers inPlymouth were children?Thirty percent of settlers in Plymouth werechildren.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Geography Create a poster that might haveattracted early colonists to the area where youlive. Focus on the location as well as naturalfeatures in your area such as good farmland,forests, waterways, and mineral resources.
Guide to ReadingMain IdeaSettlers begin to form the New England Colonies.Key Terms dissent persecute toleranceClick the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information.
Shoes, Plymouth ColonyClick the Speaker buttonto replay the audio.
Seeking Religious Freedom1. There were two groups of Protestants inEngland. (Dissented)A. Those who wanted to reform the AnglicanChurch were Puritans.B. Those who wanted to leave and set up theirown church were Separatists. (persecuted)2. Separatists went to the Netherlands, then backto Leyden, England. From there they migratedto America. ( Pilgrims - Mayflower Compact )3. Squanto and Samoset ( Native Americans )taught the pilgrims how to farm.(Thanksgiving )(pages 76–78)Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information.
New Colonies1. Puritans received a royal charter and developedMassachusetts Bay Colony. (Limited tolerance)2. John Winthorpe appointed governor. ( Boston )3. “the great migration” ( 1630’s ) found 15,000Puritans coming to Massachusetts to escape fromreligious persecution and economic difficulties inEngland.4. The General Court was the law making body.5. Puritans weren’t tolerant of other faiths.6. Connecticut was founded by Thomas Hooker---”thefundamental orderS of ConneCtiCut,”wasthe 1st written constitution in America.(pages 78–80)Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information.
New Colonies (cont.)7. Roger Williams established Rhode Island withreligious toleration.8. New Hampshire was founded by JohnWheelwright.9. Conflict with Native Americans led to KingPhilips war. ( Wampanoags/ Chief Metacomet )(pages 78–80)
Checking for UnderstandingDefine Match the terms on the right with their definitions on theleft.E 1. the acceptance of differentbeliefsA. dissentB. persecuteB 2. to treat someone harshlyC. Pilgrimsbecause of that person’s beliefsD. Puritansor practicesE. tolerationD 3. Protestants who, during the1600s, wanted to reform theAnglican ChurchA 4. disagreement with or oppositionto an opinionC 5. Separatists who journeyed to thecolonies during the 1600s for areligious purposeClick the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answers.
Analyzing VisualsGeography Skills Study the map on page 77of your textbook. What products came fromNew Hampshire?Furs, rum, and lumber came from NewHampshire.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Music Create a song that the Pilgrims might havesung as they crossed the Atlantic on the Mayflower.Create the lyrics for the song by using what youhave learned about why the Pilgrims sailed to NewEngland. Teach your song to your class.
Guide to ReadingMain IdeaPeople from many different countries settled in theMiddle Colonies for a variety of reasons, includingreligious freedom.Key Terms patroon pacifistClick the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information.
English royal plateClick the Speaker buttonto replay the audio.
New York and New Jersey1. In 1660, England had two groups of colonies:A. Northeast Mass., N.H., Conn. and R.I.B. Royal Maryland and Virginia2. England wanted New Netherlands which was betweenthe two groups of colonies. ( Good harbor and trade )3. Patroons governed New Amsterdam.4. The English sent a fleet to attack New Amsterdam.The governor Peter Stuyvesant had to surrender.5. James the Duke of York, took control of the newEnglish colony and named it NEW YORK.6. New Jersey which was the southern part of N.Y. wasgiven to friends of the Duke of York.(pages 82–84)Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information.
Pennsylvania & Delaware1. William Penn received a large tract of land inAmerica from the king as a repayment of adebt. The colony was Pennsylvania.2. Pennsylvania became a home ( haven ) forQuakers.3. A diverse group of people settled there:English, Welsh, Irish, Dutch and German.Pennsylvania Dutch ( Deutsch).4. The lower colonies of Pennsylvania broke offand formed the colony of Delaware.(page 84)Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information.
Checking for UnderstandingDefine Match the terms on the right with their definitions on theleft.A 1. landowner in the Dutchcolonies who ruled like a kingover large areas of landC 2. person opposed to the use ofwar or violence to settledisputesB 3. colony run by individuals orgroups to whom land wasgrantedClick the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answers.A. patroonB. proprietary colonyC. pacifist
Checking for UnderstandingReviewing Facts What did the Charter ofLiberties grant to Pennsylvania colonists?It gave them the right to elect representatives tothe legislative assembly.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Reviewing ThemesIndividual Action How did William Penn earnthe respect of Native Americans?He honored their claim to the land and believedsettlers should pay for it.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Critical ThinkingCompare and Contrast How was the Quakerreligion different from that of the Puritans?Quakers had no formal church services orchurch officials, were tolerant of otherreligions, believed all people were equal, andwere pacifists.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Analyzing VisualsGeography Skills Review the map on page 83of your textbook. What is the title of the map?What items are shown in the key? Whatproducts were important to Pennsylvania?The title of the map is the Middle Colonies.Grain, cattle, fish, lumber, rum, and iron areshown in the key. Pennsylvania’s importantproducts were grain, cattle, lumber, rum, andiron.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Art Design a flag for one of the Middle Colonies.Decide what symbols and colors would be appropriateto represent that colony. Display your flags in class.
Guide to ReadingMain IdeaThe Southern Colonies relied on cash crops tosurvive, while the French and Spanish tried toestablish their own settlements.Key Terms indentured servant constitution debtorClick the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information.
Slave drum, VirginiaClick the Speaker buttonto replay the audio.
Virginia and Maryland1. Varieties of people led to Virginia’s growth andprosperity.A. CriminalsB. African American slavesC. Indentured servants.2. Maryland became a haven for Catholics---foundedby Lord Baltimore ( Sir George Calvert )A. Act Of Toleration freedom to worship asplease.(pages 86–88)Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information.
Virginia and Maryland1. Settlers in Virginia move inland producing conflictswith the Native Americans. ( Bacon’s Rebellion/SirWilliam Berkley )Settling the Carolinas and Georgia1. King Charles the II founded the colony of Carolina.2. North Carolina was settled by small farmers.3. South Carolina was more prosperous because of morefertile farmland and the harbor city of Charleston.(Rice, indigo, (blue gold) and tobacco)4.Carolina was formally divided into two colonies in1729.(pages 88–90)Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information.
5. James Ogelthrope founded Georgia in 1733.A. Debtor ColonyB. Buffer Zone-barrier between Spanish Floridaand the English Carolinas.(pages 90–92)Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the information.
Checking for UnderstandingDefine Match the terms on the right with their definitions on theleft.A 1. laborer who agreed to workwithout pay for a certainperiod of time in exchange forpassage to AmericaA. indentured servantD 2. farmer who works land ownedby another and pays rent eitherin cash or cropsD. tenant farmerE 3. religious settlementC 4. person or country that owesmoneyB 5. a formal plan of governmentClick the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answers.B. constitutionC. debtorE. mission
Checking for UnderstandingReviewing Facts Explain why French settlementin North America was slowerthan in the English colonies.The French concentrated on fishing and tradingfurs, not settlement.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Reviewing ThemesGroups and Institutions What role didMargaret Brent play in the government andeconomy of Maryland?Brent was a political adviser and landowner inMaryland.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Critical ThinkingAnalyzing Information Do you think uprisingssuch as Bacon’s Rebellion were a sign of moreunrest to come? Explain your answer.Possible answer: A desire for land andrepresentative government would be likely tocontinue to cause unrest.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Analyzing VisualsGeography Skills Review the map on page 87of your textbook. Which of the SouthernColonies included the city of Norfolk? Whatwere the main products in Georgia? What wasthe major city in South Carolina?The city of Norfolk is in Virginia. The mainproducts of Georgia were rice and indigo. Themajor city in South Carolina was Charles Town.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Art Work with a group to create a bulletin boarddisplay titled “The Southern Colonies.” Includeslogans and pictures to show the colonies’ origins,climate, natural resources, and products.
Checking for UnderstandingDefine Match the terms on the right with their definitions on theleft.A.B.C.B 2. a company in which investorsD.buy stock in the company inE.return for a share of its futureF.profitsG.I 3. Separatists who journeyed to thecolonies during the 1600s for a H.religious purposeI.J.D 4. to treat someone harshlyF 1. colony run by individuals orgroups to whom land wasgrantedbecause of that person’s beliefsor practicesClick the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answers.charterjoint-stock companydissentpersecutepatroonproprietary colonyindentured servantdebtorPilgrimsMayflower Compact
Checking for UnderstandingDefine Match the terms on the right with their definitions on theleft.J 5. a formal document, written in1620, that provided law andorder to the Plymouth colonyA 6. a document that gives theholder the right to organizesettlements in an areaC 7. disagreement with oropposition to an opinionH 8. person or country that owesmoneyE 9. landowner in the Dutchcolonies who ruled like a kingover large areas of landClick the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answers.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.charterjoint-stock companydissentpersecutepatroonproprietary colonyindentured servantdebtorPilgrimsMayflower Compact
Checking for UnderstandingDefine Match the terms on the right with their definitions on theleft.G 10. laborer who agreed to workwithout pay for a certainperiod of time in exchange forpassage to AmericaClick the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.charterjoint-stock companydissentpersecutepatroonproprietary colonyindentured servantdebtorPilgrimsMayflower Compact
Reviewing Key FactsWhy did settlers choose a peninsula on which tobuild Jamestown?A peninsula would be easy to defend fromattack.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Reviewing Key FactsHow did the Native Americans help the Pilgrims?Native Americans showed the Pilgrims how togrow corn, beans, and pumpkins, and where tohunt and fish.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Reviewing Key FactsWhy was there a high demand for slave labor inthe Carolinas?Labor-intensive crops were grown in theCarolinas.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Reviewing Key FactsDescribe the relationship between the French andthe Native Americans.The French respected Native Americans. Theydid not take their lands, but lived and tradedwith them.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Reviewing Key FactsWhy did Spain send missionaries to the Pacificcoast and the Southwest?Spain sent missionaries to convert NativeAmericans to Christianity and to claim land forSpain.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Critical ThinkingComparing How did the economic activities ofthe French differ from those of the English inNorth America?The French were mostly fishers, trappers, andtraders. In addition to those activities, theEnglish grew a variety of crops, raised animals,mined, harvested lumber, and built largesettlements that gave rise to trade and industries.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Critical ThinkingAnalyzing Themes: Civic Rights andResponsibilities What role did religiousfreedom play in the founding of Rhode Islandand Pennsylvania?Rhode Island was founded by Roger Williamsafter Puritans banished him from Massachusettsfor his belief that government should be separatefrom religion. Pennsylvania was founded byWilliam Penn to provide a haven for those whowere persecuted in England.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Geography and History ActivityStudy the map below and answer the questions on the followingslides.
Geography and History ActivityLocation Whichcolonies had thelargest areas ofsettlement before1660?Massachusetts andVirginia had thelargest areas ofsettlement.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Geography and History ActivityPlace Duringwhat time periodwas Bostonsettled?Boston was settledbefore 1660.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Standardized Test PracticeDirections: Choose the best answer to the following question.Which colony was founded to put Quaker ideas into st-Taking Tip As you read the stem of each multiple-choicequestion, try to anticipate the answer before you look at thechoices. If your answer is one of the choices, it is probably correct.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
How did the lack of religious toleration createnew settlements?Thomas Hooker and Roger Williams foundedConnecticut and Rhode Island as a result of thelack of toleration of religious beliefs.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
Explore online information about the topics introducedin this chapter.Click on the Connect button to launch yourbrowser and go to The American Republic to1877 Web site. At this site, you will findinteractive activities, current eventsinformation, and Web sites correlated with thechapters and units in the textbook. When youfinish exploring, exit the browser program toreturn to this presentation. If you experiencedifficulty connecting to the Web site, manuallylaunch your Web browser and go tohttp://tarvol1.glencoe.com
Geography The coast of North Carolina is protected bylong, narrow barrier islands. As one observer remarked,“The coast of North Carolina looks as if it was justcoming unglued, with strips of land floating out to sea.”These sandy islands shift and change when stormsbatter the coast. As a result, some of the bridges androads built over the years have been rendered useless.
Colonial CommerceGoodsClick on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slide.
Much colonial commerce took place without currency.Traders often relied on barter or money substitutes suchas beaver skins.
In 1770 about 62,000 tons of goods passed through SouthCarolina’s harbors. Today Charleston alone handles about9 million tons of goods yearly.
James Oglethorpe In 1734 James Oglethorpe returnedto England with a group of Creek, among them his friendChief Tomo-Chi-Chi. The Creek, who were formallyreceived by the king and the Archbishop of Canterbury,created a huge sensation in London. Crowds followedthem everywhere, even rioting in an attempt to catch aglimpse of the party. On their return, the group praisedEngland so highly that both the Creek and the Cherokeemade pacts of friendship with the Georgia colony.
Reading a Bar GraphWhy Learn This Skill?A bar graph presents numerical information in a visualway. Bars of various lengths stand for different quantities.A bar graph lets you see a lot of information in anorganized way. Bars may be drawn vertically–up anddown–or horizontally–left to right. Labels along the leftaxis and the bottom axis explain what the bars represent.This feature can be found on page 81 of your textbook.Click the Speaker button to replay the audio.
Reading a Bar GraphLearning the SkillTo read a bar graph: Read the title to learn the subject of the graph. Look at the horizontal and vertical axes to find out whatinformation the graph presents. Compare the lengths of the bars on the graph.This feature can be found on page 81 of your textbook. Click themouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
Reading a Bar GraphPracticing the SkillStudy the bar graph on theright and answer thefollowing questions.This feature can be found on page 81 of your textbook.
Reading a Bar GraphPracticing the Skill1. Which colony had the largest total population in 1700? Thesmallest?Virginia had the largest total population in 1700.Pennsylvania had the smallest.2. Did Virginia or Maryland have a larger African Americanpopulation?Virginia had a larger African American population thanMaryland.This feature can be found on page 81 of your textbook. Click themouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.
The Lost ColonyObjectivesAfter viewing “The Lost Colony,” you should: Know that Roanoke was intended to be the first English colony in the NewWorld. Empathize with the distress of theinhabitants of Roanoke Island aboutthe possibility that supply ships fromEngland might not return. Understand that Queen Elizabeth’sdecision about whether to sendships to Roanoke was linked withher fear of weakening Englandduring the coming battle with Spain.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Click in the windowabove to view a preview of The American Republic to 1877 video.
The Lost ColonyDiscussion QuestionWhy were 117 people sent from England topresent-day Roanoke Island, North Carolina?They planned to establish the first Englishcolony in the New World.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
The Lost ColonyDiscussion QuestionDuring her discussion with Walter Raleigh andJohn White, Queen Elizabeth received a message.What did it say? How did it affect her answer toWhite’s request?The message said the Spanish Armada was setto sail against the English fleet. That meant thatall supplies would need to be dedicated to theeffort to defeat Spain.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
No one knows for sure, but lack of food, severe weather, or disease mayhave destroyed the colony.Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answer.
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GLENCOE DIVISION Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 8787 Orion Place Columbus, Ohio 43240. Chapter Introduction Section 1 Roanoke and Jamestown Section 2 New England Colonies Section 3 Middle Colonies Section 4 Southern Colonies . C. Indentured servants. - - - The American Republic to 1877 .
