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Table of ContentsEmmett DulaneySherwood LawrenceRobert ScrimgerAnthony tilkejohn whiteraymond williamskevin wolfordMCSETRAINING G U I D ETCP/IPUntitled-271P1/Vet MCSE Tr Gde: TCP/IP12/3/97, 8:31 AM747-2 Lori 12.01.97 FMLP#3i

iiMCSE Training Guide: TCP/IPMCSE Training Guide: TCP/IPBy Emmett Dulaney, Sherwood Lawrence, Robert Scrimger,Anthony Tilke, John White, Raymond Williams, and KevinWolfordDevelopment EditorRob TidrowPublished by:New Riders Publishing201 West 103rd StreetIndianapolis, IN 46290 USAProject EditorJohn SleevaAll rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced ortransmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any informationstorage and retrieval system, without written permission from thepublisher, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review. 1998 by New Riders PublishingPrinted in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0Copy EditorsMargo Catts,Cliff Shubs,Sharon WilkeyTechnical EditorLance SkokSoftware Product DeveloperSteve FlattSoftware Acquisitions andDevelopmentDustin SullivanLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data***CIP data available upon request***ISBN: 1-56205-747-2Team CoordinatorStacey BehelerWarning and DisclaimerManufacturing CoordinatorBrook FarlingThis book is designed to provide information about TCP/IP.Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and asaccurate as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied.Book DesignerGlenn LarsenThe information is provided on an “as is” basis. The authors andNew Riders Publishing shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damagesarising from the information contained in this book or from theuse of the discs or programs that may accompany it.New Riders is an independent entity from Microsoft Corporation,and not affiliated with Microsoft Corporation in any manner. Thispublication may be used in assisting students to prepare for aMicrosoft Certified Professional Exam. Neither Microsoft Corporation, its designated review ICV, nor New Riders warrants thatuse of this publication will ensure passing the relevant Exam.Microsoft is either a registered trademark or trademark ofMicrosoft Corporation in the United Stated and/or other countries.Publisher David DwyerExecutive Editor Mary FooteManaging Editor Sarah KearnsUntitled-27Acquisitions EditorsJulie Fairweather,Nancy Maragioglio,Steve Weiss2P1/Vet MCSE Tr Gde: TCP/IPCover DesignerJay CorpusCover ProductionCasey PriceDirector of ProductionLarry KleinProduction SuprervisorVictor PetersonGraphics Image SpecialistsSadie Crawford,Wil CruzProduction AnalystsDan HarrisErich J. RichterProduction TeamLori Cliburn,Pamela WoolfIndexerTim Wright12/3/97, 8:31 AM747-2 Lori 12.01.97 FMLP#3

Table of ContentsAbout the AuthorsEmmett Dulaney is a consultant for D. S. Technical Solutions incentral Indiana. An MCSE, CNE, OS/2 Engineer, and LAN ServerEngineer, he has taught continuing education courses for IndianaUniversity-Purdue University of Fort Wayne for more than sevenyears, and has authored or coauthored over a dozen books. Hecan be reached at edulaney@iquest.net.Shey Lawrence When Sherwood Lawrence is not tracing TCP/IPpackets and troubleshooting connectivity issues, he spends histime tracing down his free time and troubleshooting why he hasso little of it left. He contends that the undeniable proof thatblack holes exist in the universe sucking up space and time sitssquarely in the middle of his desk, bathing him in for medicaltherapy can be sent to the author by contacting him through hiscompany’s Web site at www.atlasconsulting.com .For almost 20 years, Robert Scrimger has done everything withcomputers except design the boards (yet) and sell them. In thelast eight years his primary endeavor has been training, startingwith many different applications and moving in the last few yearsto work exclusively with network operating systems and client/server applications. Rob is a Microsoft Certified Systems Engineeron both 3.51 and 4.0 and a Microsoft Certified Trainer.Anthony Tilke is a network consultant and engineer. He is bothMicrosoft- and Novell-certified with MCSE and MCNE designations to his credit. After administering his first network in 1987,Anthony started to change his career from an economic analyst toa network engineer. With a transitional period as a statistical programmer and graduate student, Anthony dedicated himself to acareer in networking by 1992. His career has included the design,implementation, and management of large networks and messaging systems for public sector clients. More recently, Anthony hasbeen a senior network engineer for a Micrsoft Solution Provider,and Novell Platinum reseller in the Pacific Northwest. A 1985magna cum laude graduate from Pace University in New York,Anthony has written software reviews for PC magazine. He can bereached at anthony@compuserve.com .Untitled-273P1/Vet MCSE Tr Gde: TCP/IP12/3/97, 8:31 AM747-2 Lori 12.01.97 FMLP#3iii

ivMCSE Training Guide: TCP/IPJohn White currently works as a senior systems administrator. Heis heavily involved in the implementation and support of WindowsNT systems worldwide. John was a UNIX and NetWare systemsadministrator before joining the world of Windows NT. Prior tobecoming a systems administrator, he was a biochemistry major atTrent University. He now lives in Ottawa, Canada with his wifeViviana.Raymond Williams is a Microsoft Certified Trainer (MCT) andconsultant. He currently works for GSE Erudite as a network instructor. Raymond is a Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer aswell as a Certified NetWare Instructor and Certified NetWare Engineer. He has worked as a systems analyst and design engineerfor many companies during his five years experience. He thouroughly enjoys the computer industry and what it has to offer, andfinds pleasure in sharing the information with others.Kevin B. Wolford is an MCSE, MCT, Master CNE, and CNI. Hehas had several careers, including technical writer, pension actuary, and trainer. He is the lead Windows NT trainer for GSE Erudite Software in Salt Lake City, Utah. You alos can see Kevin intraining videos produced by Keystone Learning Systems of Provo,Utah. Kevin enjoys explaining complex, technical things in a simple manner.Untitled-274P1/Vet MCSE Tr Gde: TCP/IP12/3/97, 8:31 AM747-2 Lori 12.01.97 FMLP#3

Table of ContentsTrademark AcknowledgmentsAll terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarksor service marks have been appropriately capitalized. New RidersPublishing cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Useof a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting thevalidity of any trademark or service mark.Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation inthe United States and other counties.Untitled-275P1/Vet MCSE Tr Gde: TCP/IP12/3/97, 8:31 AM747-2 Lori 12.01.97 FMLP#3v

viMCSE Training Guide: TCP/IPContents at a GlanceIntroduction . 11.Introduction to TCP/IP . 92.Architectural Overview of the TCP/IP Suite . 273.IP Addressing . 874.Subnetting . 1075.Implementing IP Routing . 1376.Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol . 1937.NetBIOS Over TCP/IP . 2318.Implementing Windows Internet Name Service . 2739.Administering a WINS Environment . 29510.IP Internetwork Browsing and Domain Functions . 33511.Host Name Resolution . 37112.Domain Name System . 39313.Implementing Microsoft DNS Servers . 42714.Connectivity in Heterogeneous Environments . 46715.Implementing the Microsoft SNMP Service . 49916.Troubleshooting Microsoft TCP/IP . 52717.TCP/IP and Remote Access Service . 579A.Overview of the Certification Process . 623B.Study Tips . 633C.What’s on the CD-ROM . 637D.All About TestPrep . 639Index . 641Untitled-276P1/Vet MCSE Tr Gde: TCP/IP12/3/97, 8:31 AM747-2 Lori 12.01.97 FMLP#3

viiiMCSE Training Guide: TCP/IPTable of ContentsIntroduction1Who Should Read This Book . 1How This Book Helps You . 2Understanding What the “Internetworking with Microsoft TCP/IP onMicrosoft Windows NT 4.0” Exam (#70-59) Covers . 3Hardware and Software Needed . 4Tips for the Exam . 5New Riders Publishing . 61 Introduction to TCP/IP9The Exam . 10Three Exam Preps in One Book . 10What Is on the Test? . 12TCP/IP Architecture . 12TCP/IP Routing and Name Resolution . 13Installing TCP/IP on Windows NT Computers . 14The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) . 14The Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) . 15The Domain Name System . 16Browsing in a TCP/IP Internetwork . 17Implementing the Microsoft SNMP Service . 18Performance Tuning and Optimization . 18Troubleshooting TCP/IP . 19How the Internetworking TCP/IP Test Differs from OtherMicrosoft Exams . 19Installing TCP/IP . 23Services . 242 Architectural Overview of the TCP/IP Suite27Introduction . 29Introductory Concepts—Network Basics . 30The Components of a Network . 30The Physical Address . 34Network Topologies . 37The OSI Model . 44Introduction to TCP/IP . 49The Four Layers of TCP/IP . 51RFCs . 78Exercises . 80Review Questions . 81Review Answers . 85Untitled-278P1/Vet MCSE Tr Gde: TCP/IP12/3/97, 8:31 AM747-2 Lori 12.01.97 FMLP#3

Table of Contents3 IP Addressing87Overview . 89TCP/IP Addressing Methods . 90IP Addresses Defined . 91Conversion Between Decimal and Binary Numbers . 92Network ID and Host ID . 93IP Address Classes Defined . 93Reasons for Using Specific Address Classes . 94Classes Defined . 95IP Addressing Guidelines . 98Assigning Network IDs . 99Assigning Host IDs . 100Addressing with IP Version 6 . 101Review Questions . 102Review Answers . 1054 Subnetting107Introduction . 109The Purpose of Subnet Masks . 111Using the Subnet Mask . 114Understanding Default Subnet Masks . 116Subdividing a Network . 117Subnetting . 118Step 1: Determine the Number of Network IDs Required . 118Step 2: Determine the Number of Host IDs per SubnetRequired . 119Step 3: Define the Subnet Mask . 120Step 4: Determine the Network IDs to Use . 122Step 5: Determine the Host IDs to Use . 126Using the Network Subnetting Tables . 127Exercises . 131Review Questions . 134Review Answers . 1365 Implementing IP Routing137Introduction . 139Network Review . 140Repeaters, Bridges, and Switches . 141Looking at Broadcast Protocols . 149Understanding Routing . 155Dead Gateway Detection . 158Static and Dynamic Routers. 162Static and Dynamic Router Integration . 178Building a Multihomed Router . 180Exercises . 183Review Questions . 184Review Answers . 190Untitled-279P1/Vet MCSE Tr Gde: TCP/IP12/3/97, 8:31 AM747-2 Lori 12.01.97 FMLP#3ix

xMCSE Training Guide: TCP/IP6 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol193Understanding DHCP . 195What DHCP Servers Can Do . 197Limitations of DHCP . 198Planning a DHCP Implementation . 199Network Requirements . 199Installing the DHCP Relay Agent . 200Client Requirements . 201Using Multiple DHCP Servers . 202Using Scope Options . 204How DHCP Works . 205DHCPACK Phase . 205DHCP Lease Renewal . 206Installing the DHCP Server Service . 207Configuring the DHCP Server . 207Creating Scopes . 208Scope Options . 210Address Reservations . 211DHCP Clients . 212Using the IPCONFIG Utility . 214Displaying Information . 214Renewing a Lease . 216Releasing a Lease . 216Compacting the DHCP Database . 217Backing Up the DHCP Database . 218Restoring a Corrupt DHCP Database . 219Automatic Restoration . 219Registry RestoreFlag . 219Copying from the Backup Directory . 220Exercises . 221Review Questions . 225Review Answers . 2287 NetBIOS Over TCP/IP231Defining NetBIOS . 233NetBIOS Over TCP/IP (NBT) . 234NetBIOS Services . 236Name Management . 237Name Resolution . 240Order of Resolution . 252nbtstat . 258Exercises . 261Review Questions . 265Review Answers . 269Untitled-2710P1/Vet MCSE Tr Gde: TCP/IP12/3/97, 8:31 AM747-2 Lori 12.01.97 FMLP#3