Transcription
Published in 2011 by Britannica Educational Publishing(a trademark of Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.)in association with Rosen Educational Services, LLC29 East 21st Street, New York, NY 10010.Copyright 2011 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica,and the Thistle logo are registered trademarks of Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Allrights reserved.Rosen Educational Services materials copyright 2011 Rosen Educational Services, LLC.All rights reserved.Distributed exclusively by Rosen Educational Services.For a listing of additional Britannica Educational Publishing titles, call toll free (800) 237-9932.First EditionBritannica Educational PublishingMichael I. Levy: Executive EditorJ.E. Luebering: Senior ManagerMarilyn L. Barton: Senior Coordinator, Production ControlSteven Bosco: Director, Editorial TechnologiesLisa S. Braucher: Senior Producer and Data EditorYvette Charboneau: Senior Copy EditorKathy Nakamura: Manager, Media AcquisitionAmy McKenna: Senior Editor, Geography and HistoryRosen Educational ServicesJeanne Nagle: Senior EditorNelson Sá: Art DirectorCindy Reiman: Photography ManagerNicole Russo: DesignerMatthew Cauli: Cover DesignIntroduction by Andrew BarbourLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataThe history of southern Africa / edited by Amy McKenna.—1st ed.p. cm.—(The Britannica guide to Africa)“In association with Britannica Educational Publishing, Rosen Educational Services.”Includes bibliographical references and index.ISBN ŻŹźƝųƝŸųŷŵŲƝŵŻźƝŶ ɄƧ **&ƨ1. Africa, Southern--History. I. McKenna, Amy, 1969DT1079.H57 2011968—dc222010019433On the cover: Xhosa boys prepare for a traditional manhood ceremony in South Africa.Per-Anders Pettersson/Reportage/Getty ImagesOn pages 1, 15, 49, 72, 82, 91, 101, 110, 120, 132, 180, 186, 198: A tree towers over the spotwhere, as legend has it, missionary and explorer David Livingstone’s heart is buried. HultonArchive/Getty Images
4CONTENTSIntroductionChapter 1: Early Historyxiii1Early Humans and Stone Age SocietyThe KhoisanSanThe Khoekhoe TodayThe Spread of Bantu LanguagesFood ProductionThe Rise of More Complex StatesToutsweVeldSwahili CultureMapungubwe and Great ZimbabweTorwa, Mutapa, and RozwiSmall-Scale Societies35688911111212131314Chapter 2: European and AfricanInteraction15The Portuguese in West-Central andSouthwestern AfricaThe ImbangalaThe ChokweThe OvimbunduThe Portuguese in Southeastern AfricaThe Zambezi ValleyOther Southeastern African StatesMaravi ConfederacyThe Declining Power of the PortugueseThe Dutch at the CapeFirst Khoekhoe-Dutch ContactBoer ExpansionSlavery at the CapeKhoisan Resistance to the DutchXhosa-Dutch Conflict“Legitimate” Trade and the Persistenceof SlaveryThe Continuation of the Slave TradeEffects of the Slave TradeThe “Time of Turmoil”Shaka and the Creation of the 1929
40Increasing Violence in Other Partsof Southern AfricaBritish Development of the Cape ColonyChanges in the Status of AfricansContinuing Settler-Xhosa WarsGrowth of Missionary ActivityThe Expansion of White SettlementThe Republic of Natalia and the BritishColony of NatalBattle of Blood RiverVoortrekker Republics in the InteriorThe Orange Free State and BasutolandMinerals and the Scramble for Southern AfricaThe Diamond IndustryThe Discovery of GoldCecil RhodesThe Annexation of Southern AfricaPortugal in Southern AfricaGermans in South West Africa3637373839404142434547Chapter 3: Southern Africa from 1899Through Decolonization49The South African WarThe Nature of Colonial RuleThe Changing Labour MarketChanges for AfrikanersGrowth of RacismBasutoland, Bechuanaland, and SwazilandPolice ZoneOvambolandSouthern RhodesiaNyasaland and Northern RhodesiaSettlers in Mozambique and AngolaClass and Ethnic Tensions AmongWhite SettlersLand, Labour, and TaxationWhite Agriculture a
The history of southern Africa / edited by Amy McKenna.—1st ed. p. cm.—(The Britannica guide to Africa) "In association with Britannica Educational Publishing, Rosen Educational Services." Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN { y z s x s w u r u { z v D § **& 1. Africa, Southern--History. I. McKenna, Amy, 1969
