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DIVING AND BOATINGSAFETY MANUALEnvironmental Health and SafetyFlorida Atlantic University777 Glades RoadBoca Raton, FL 33431Phone: 561-297-3129Fax: 561-297-2210Email: ehs@fau.eduWeb: www.fau.edu/ehsRevised: February, 2014NOTICE: Copies of this publication can be obtained in an alternate format by contactingEnvironmental Health & Safety at ehs@fau.edu or 561-297-3129. This publication is available instandard print, Braille, or electronically for people with disabilities. Please allow at least 10 days toprocess this request.
SIGNATURE PAGEFebruary, 2014This Florida Atlantic University “Diving and Boating Safety Manual” has been reviewed and isapproved for implementation by the Florida Atlantic University Diving and Boating Safety Committee.This manual replaces and supersedes all earlier versions.DIVING AND BOATING SAFETY COMMITTEEDr. Anton Oleinik, ChairDept. Of GeosciencesDavid Muncher, Diving Safety OfficerEnvironmental Health and SafetyGabriel Alsenas, General ManagerSoutheast National Marine Renewable EnergyCenterDr. Frank Mari, ProfessorDept. of Chemistry and BiochemistryRobert AndersonEnvironmental Health and SafetyJames Nelson, Assistant Diving and BoatingSafety Officer HBOI, Marine OperationsCamille Coley, J.D.Executive Assistant Vice PresidentDivision of ResearchJoshua Voss, Ph.D., Assist. Research ProfessorHBOI, Center for Marine Ecosystem HealthDr. Manhar Dhanak, ProfessorDept. Of Ocean and Mechanical EngineeringDr. Lyndon West, Assistant ProfessorDept. of Chemistry and BiochemistryStephen Kajiura, Ph.D., Associate ProfessorDepartment of Biological SciencesPage ii
TABLE OF CONTENTSChaptersSIGNATURE PAGE . iiTABLE OF CONTENTS. iiiMANUAL REVISIONS . viiSECTION 1.00 GENERAL POLICY . 11.10 Scientific Diving Standards . 11.20 Operational Control . 31.25 Departmental Control and Responsibilities . 131.30 Consequence of Violation of Regulations by Scientific Divers . 131.40 Consequences of Violation of Regulations by Organizational Members . 131.45 Violation Review and Disciplinary Process . 131.50 Record Maintenance . 14SECTION 2.00 DIVING REGULATIONS . 162.10 Introduction . 162.20 Pre-Dive Procedures . 162.30 Diving Rules and Procedures . 182.40 Post-Dive Procedures . 212.50 Emergency Procedures. 212.60 Flying After Diving or Ascending to Altitude ( 1000 feet) . 232.70 Record Keeping Requirements . 23SECTION 3.00 DIVING EQUIPMENT . 263.10 General Policy. 263.20 Equipment . 263.30 Auxiliary Equipment . 293.40 Support and Safety Equipment . 293.50 Equipment Maintenance . 303.60 Air Quality Standards . 31SECTION 4.00 CERTIFICATION AND TRAINING REQUIREMENTS . 324.10 Entry Level Training Requirements. 324.20 References . 32SECTION 5.00 SCIENTIFIC DIVER AND OTHER DIVER CERTIFICATIONS . 335.10 Prerequisites . 335.20 Training . 345.30 Examinations. 38Page iii
5.40 Diver Permits/Certifications . 395.50 Depth Certifications . 395.60 Continuation of Certificate . 405.70 Revocation of Certification . 415.80 Recertification . 415.90 Waiver of Requirements/Temporary Diver . 41Section 6.00 MEDICAL STANDARDS . 426.10 Medical Requirements . 426.20 Frequency of Medical Evaluations . 426.30 Information Provided Examining Physician . 426.40 Content of Medical Evaluations. 426.50 Conditions Which May Disqualify Candidates From Diving . 436.60 Laboratory Requirements for Diving Medical Evaluation and Intervals. 446.70 Physician’s Written Report . 45VOLUME II . 46SECTION 7.00 NITROX DIVING GUIDELINES . 477.10 Prerequisites . 477.20 Requirements for Authorization to Use Nitrox . 477.30 Nitrox Training Guidelines . 487.40 Scientific Nitrox Diving Regulations. 497.50 Nitrox Diving Equipment . 52SECTION 8.00 AQUARIUM DIVING OPERATIONS . 548.10 General Policy. 548.20 The Buddy System In Scientific Aquarium Diving . 548.30 Diving Equipment . 548.40 Scientific Aquarium Diver Certification . 548.50 Scientific Aquarium Diving Using Other Diving Technology . 55SECTION 9.00 STAGED DECOMPRESSION DIVING . 569.10 Minimum Experience and Training Requirements . 569.20 Minimum Equipment Requirements . 579.30 Minimum Operational Requirements. . 58SECTION 10.00 MIXED GAS DIVING . 5910.10 Minimum Experience and Training Requirements . 59Page iv
10.20 Equipment and Gas Quality Requirements . 6010.30 Minimum Operational Requirements . 60SECTION 11.00 SPECIALTY AND OTHER DIVING TECHNOLOGYs . 6111.05 Dive Computers . 6111.10 Blue Water Diving . 6111.20 Ice and Polar Diving . 6211.30 Overhead Environments. 6211.40 Saturation Diving . 6311.50 Hookah . 6311.60 Surface Supplied Diving . 6411.65 Submerged Laser Safety . 64SECTION 12.0 REBREATHERS . 6712.10 Definitions and General Information . 6712.20 Prerequisites . 6812.30 Equipment Requirements . 7212.40 Operational Requirements . 7412.50 Oxygen Rebreathers . 7712.60 Semi-Closed Circuit Rebreathers . 7712.70 Closed-Circuit Rebreathers . 77SECTION 13.00 SCIENTIFIC CAVE AND CAVERN DIVING . 7813.1 Definitions. 7813.2 Cave and Cavern Environment Hazards . 8013.3 Minimum Experience and Training Requirements . 8113.4 Equipment Requirements . 8213.5 Operational Requirements and Safety Protocols . 83SECTION 14.00 SNORKELING OR SWIMMING . 8414.10 Definitions. 8414.20 General Guidelines. 8414.30 Regulations for Classes or Field Trips Involving Snorkeling . 8514.40 State of Florida Regulations for Snorkelers . 85SECTION 15.00 BOATING SAFETY . 8715.05 General Policy. 8715.12 Definitions. 8715.15 Procedures and Regulations . 88Page v
15.20 Powered boat procedures . 9115.30 Non-powered Boat Procedures . 9215.40 Trailer Procedures . 9215.50 Pre-launch Procedures . 9315.70 Operational Procedures . 9315.80 Anchoring and Mooring Procedures . 9415.81 Hurricane and Tropical Storm Emergency Response Plans for FAU Small Boats . 9515.82 Accident/Incidents . 9815.83 Fuel and Oil Spills Involving FAU Boats or Boats under FAU Auspices . 10015.85 Diving from Vessels . 10315.90 Boating Recommendations . 10415.92 Environmental Awareness and Regulations . 105APPENDIX 1 DIVING MEDICAL EXAM OVERVIEW . 107APPENDIX 2 AAUS MEDICAL EVALUATION OF FITNESS FOR SCUBA DIVING REPORT . 109APPENDIX 2b MEDICAL EVALUATION OF FITNESS FOR SCUBA DIVING REPORT . 110APPENDIX 3 DIVING MEDICAL HISTORY FORM. 111APPENDIX 4 RECOMMENDED AREA PHYSICIANS . 115APPENDIX 5 DEFINITION OF TERMS. 116APPENDIX 6 AAUS REQUEST FOR DIVING RECIPROCITY FORM . 120APPENDIX 7 DIVING EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES . 121APPENDIX 8 DIVE COMPUTER GUIDELINES. 155APPENDIX 9 AAUS STATISTICS COLLECTION CRITERIA AND DEFINITIONS . 156APPENDIX A BLANK . 159APPENDIX B RELEASE AND WAIVER OF LIABILITY . 160APPENDIX C FAU SCIENTIFIC DIVING PROGRAM DIVER APPLICATION FORM . 161APPENDIX D FAU FLOAT PLAN . 164APPENDIX E DIVE PLAN FORM . 168APPENDIX F MONTHLY DIVE LOG . 176APPENDIX G FAU SCIENTIFIC DIVER TRAINING COURSE . 177APPENDIX H FAU CHECKOUT DIVE PROCEDURE . 178APPENDIX I DIVER’S FIRST AID KIT CHECKLIST . 180APPENDIX J FAU STANDARDS FOR COMMERCIAL DIVING . 181APPENDIX K FAU DBSC APPROVED DIVING EQUIPMENT . 183APPENDIX L FAU BOATING INCIDENT/ACCIDENT REPORT. 185Page vi
MANUAL REVISIONSPage No.DatePage No.DateOctober 2007PersonEnteringChangeIan Anderson109 Updatedcontact infoJune 2011PersonEnteringChangeDavid MuncherCover page tonew FAU/EH&Slogo.Added buildingand roomnumbers toaddress.Reformat tocurrent AAUSmanualOctober 2007Ian Anderson171 AddedAppendix KAugust 2011David MuncherOctober 2007Ian AndersonFebruary 2012David MuncherUpdated contentspageOctober 2007Ian AndersonFebruary 2012David MuncherAdded revisionsto appendixcontents pageUpdated tocurrent AAUSmanual.October 2007Ian AndersonPg 40-42Pg 95-102New AAUSMed StandardsPg 149 RevisedWaiverAdded Section11.65October 2012David MuncherOctober 2007Ian AndersonNovember 2013David MuncherUpdated theAAUS medicalhyperlinks16.40 and 16.50to current AAUSstandardsAppendices A-1A-3 to the AAUSStandardAdded checklistand explanationof requireditems toappendix DAdded HarborBranch toAppendix FAdded AppendixHCompleterevision. HBOIDiving ManualIncorporatedOctober 2007Ian Anderson5/2013 AAUSStandardRevisions addedAdded Section15.83November 2013David MuncherOctober 2007Ian AndersonAppendicesA,G,H changedMarch 2015David MuncherOctober 2007Ian Anderson15.05 AddedApril 2015David MuncherOctober 2007Ian AndersonRevised FloatPlanMay 26David MuncherOctober 2007Ian AndersonRevised 1, 5,15,DOct 15David MuncherOctober 2007Ian AndersonMarch 2010David MuncherPage vii
SECTION 1.00 GENERAL POLICY1.10 Scientific Diving StandardsIntroductionA Diving and Boating Safety Subcommittee (DBSS) was originally established on April 17,1998 by the Provost of Florida Atlantic University. The Provost has replaced the DBSS, whichformerly reported to the Research Safety Committee, with a stand-alone Diving and BoatingSafety Committee (DBSC). The DBSC has been delegated the authority to promulgate andadminister University policies and procedures with regard to all diving and boating operationsconducted in conjunction with academic and research activities at Florida Atlantic University.This manual, together with the Charter of the FAU Diving and Boating Safety Committee, theAAUS Standards For Scientific Diving, and applicable regulations, shall constitute the FAUDiving and Boating Safety Program. The DBSC shall have no oversight responsibilities forrecreational diving by FAU organizations (i.e. diving clubs, etc.), which are not part of theacademic and/or research missions of the University.In August 2003, the American Academy of Underwater Sciences (AAUS) developed aconsensus manual entitled, Standards For Scientific Diving, which FAU has adopted andincorporated by reference into the FAU Diving and Boating Safety Manual. The AAUS Manualis a minimum set of requirements, and organizations are free to insert additional protectivemeasures and information specific to operational requirements.When using this manual it is important to realize that all AAUS requirements apply and thatthere may be additional FAU requirements or procedures. The FAU Diving and Boating SafetyManual is most effectively navigated on the web or in its Portable Document Format (pdf) wherethe document’s hot links can be utilized. Questions about, or difficulties in using, this manualcan be referred to the Diving Safety Officer or the Diving Safety Office in the Department ofEnvironmental Health & Safety (561-297-3129 or ehs@fau.edu).Throughout this manual the Diving and Boating Safety Committee is equivalent to a DivingControl Board and may be used interchangeably. Similarly, Diving and Boating Coordinator isused interchangeably with Diving Safety Officer and with reference to Section 15.0 BoatingSafety, Boating Safety Officer.PurposeThe purpose of this Manual and the Scientific Diving Standards and Boating Regulationscontained therein, is to:Ensure that all scientific diving under the jurisdiction of Florida Atlantic University is conductedin a manner that will maximize protection of scientific divers from accidental injury and/orillness, and,To set forth standards for training and certification that will allow a working reciprocity withother AAUS member organizations. Fulfillment of the purposes shall be consistent with thefurtherance of research and safety. It is the responsibility of each FAU certified diver to read andfollow these standards.These standards set minimal requirements for the establishment of the American Academy ofUnderwater Sciences (AAUS) recognized scientific diving programs, the organization for thePage 1
conduct of these programs, and the basic regulations and procedures for safety in scientificdiving operations. It also establishes a framework for reciprocity between AAUS organizationalmembers that adhere to these minimum standards.This manual was developed and written by FAU by compiling the policies and Standards setforth by AAUS and in the diving manuals of several university, private, and governmentalscientific diving programs. These programs share a common heritage with the scientific divingprogram at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO). Adherence to the SIO standards hasproven both feasible and effective in protecting the health and safety of scientific divers since1954.In 1982, OSHA exempted scientific diving from commercial diving regulations(29CFR1910, Subpart T) under certain conditions that are outlined below. The final guidelinesfor the exemption became effective in 1985 (Federal Register, Vol. 50, No.6, p.1046). AAUS isrecognized by OSHA as the scientific diving standard setting organization.AAUS has been recognized as the organization which sets scientific diving standards. Thismanual incorporates all AAUS standards and extends them based on local procedure and byassent of the Florida Atlantic University Diving and Boating Safety Committee.Scientific Diving DefinitionScientific diving is defined (29CFR1910.402) as diving performed solely as a necessary part of ascientific, research, or educational activity by employees whose sole purpose for diving is toperform scientific research tasks.Scientific Diving ExemptionOSHA has granted an exemption for scientific diving from commercial diving regulations underthe following guidelines (Appendix B to 29CFR1910 Subpart T):a)The Diving Control Board consists of a majority of active scientific divers and hasautonomous and absolute authority over the scientific diving program’s operation.b)The purpose of the project using scientific diving is the advancement of science;therefore, information and data resulting from the project are non-proprietary.c)The tasks of a scientific diver are those of an observer and data gatherer. Constructionand trouble-shooting tasks traditionally associated with commercial diving are notincluded within scientific diving.d)Scientific divers, based on the nature of their activities, must use scientific expertise instudying the underwater environment and therefore, are scientists or scientists-in-training.e)In addition, the scientific diving program shall contain at least the following elements(29CFR1910.401):1.Diving safety manual which includes at a minimum: Procedures covering alldiving operations specific to the program; including procedures for emergencycare, recompression and evacuation, and the criteria for diver training andcertification.Page 2
Diving control (safety) board, with the majority of its members being active scientific divers,which shall at a minimum have the authority to: approve and monitor diving projects, reviewand revise the diving safety manual, assure compliance with the manual, certify the depths towhich a diver has been trained, take disciplinary action for unsafe practices, and assureadherence to the buddy system (a diver is accompanied by and is in continuous contact withanother diver in the water) for scuba diving.Review of StandardsAs part of each organizational member’s annual report, any recommendations for modificationsof these standards shall be submitted to the AAUS for consideration.1.20 Operational ControlFlorida Atlantic University Auspices DefinedFor the purposes of these standards the auspices of Florida Atlantic University (FAU) includesany scientific diving operation in which FAU is connected because of ownership of anyequipment used, locations selected, or relationship with the individual(s) concerned. Thisincludes all cases involving the operations of employees of FAU or employees of auxiliaryorganizations, where such employees are acting within the scope of their employment, and theoperations of other persons who are engaged in scientific diving at FAU or are diving asmembers of an organization recognized by FAU as an AAUS organizational member.Florida Atlantic University adheres to the AAUS Standards for Scientific Diving Certificationand Operation of Scientific Diving Programs. The administration of the FAU Diving SafetyProgram which includes all scientific diving resides with the FAU Diving and Boating SafetyCommittee (DBSC).The regulations herein shall be observed at all locations where scientific diving is conducted.Florida Atlantic University Diving and Boating Safety ManualFlorida Atlantic University has developed and maintains a scientific diving and boating safetymanual that provides for the development and implementation of policies and procedures thatenable FAU to meet requirements of local environments and conditions as well as to complywith the AAUS scientific diving standards. FAU’s Diving and Boating Safety Manual shallinclude, but is not be limited to:a)Emergency evacuation and medical treatment procedures.b)Criteria for diver training and certification.c)Standards written or adopted by reference for each diving mode utilized which includethe following:1.Safety procedures for the diving operation.2.Responsibilities of the dive team members.3.Equipment use and maintenance procedures.4.Emergency procedures.Page 3
d)Regulations for the operation of FAU vessels and boats.Diving and Boating CoordinatorThe Diving and Boating Coordinator serves as a member of the Diving and Boating SafetyCommittee (DBSC). This person must be a fully qualified Diving Safety Officer (DSO) andBoating Safety Officer (BSO) and have a broad technical and scientific expertise in researchrelated diving and vessel operation.a)Qualifications:1.Shall be appointed by the responsible administrative officer or designee, with theadvice and counsel of the Diving and Boating Safety Committee.2.Shall be trained as a scientific diver.3.Shall be a full member as defined by AAUS.4.Shall be an active underwater instructor from a nationally or internationallyrecognized certifying agency.5.Shall possess the knowledge, skills, and abilities (i.e. training and experience)necessary to oversee the Florida Atlantic University Boating Safety Programincluding:a. Knowledge of applicable Federal and State laws for the operation of vessels.b. Knowledge of all FAU boating policies and regulations.6.Must have a working diving knowledge of:a. Scuba (open circuit).b. Nitrox.c. Diving physics and physiology.d. Gas laws.e. Recompression and treatment tables.f. Recompression chamber operations.g. Recognition of signs and symptoms and immediate management of divingmaladies.h. Air compressors.i. Safety, rescue, diving accident management, and emergency proceduresconcerning diving operations7.Recommended knowledge should include:Page 4
a. Mixed gas.b. Semi-enclosed and closed circuit rebreather.c. Gas mixing and analysis.d. Lock-out
can be referred to the Diving Safety Officer or the Diving Safety Office in the Department of Environmental Health & Safety (561-297-3129 or ehs@fau.edu). Throughout this manual the Diving and Boating Safety Committee is equivalent to a Diving Control Board and may be used interchangeably. Similarly, Diving and Boating Coordinator is
