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OSHA & Ergonomics:Now What?OSHA andergonomics: Nowwhat?256Dana RootDana RootRegion V Ergonomics Coordinatorroot.dana@dol.gov414.297.33152010 Ohio Safety CongressWednesday, March 30, 2010 4 to 5 p.m.OSHA ErgonomicsAgenda StrangeBrewWhere we have been?Where we are going?Elements of an Ergonomics ProgramResourcesEqualPortions ofScienceandPoliticsOSHA Ergonomics Started seeing repetitivemotion and back injuries 1978– Kodak– Tooele, Utah - 1979 General Duty Clause– Required to maintain aworkplace free of recognizedhazardsEnforcement John Morrell: 1988Samsonite: 1990General Motors: 1990Ford CSA 1990Pepperidge Farm: 1993Dayton Tire: 1993Beverly Nursing Homes: 19921
Ergonomics Standard Standard issued 12/1999– Program not specification– Based on years of practicalsuccess Final standard takeseffect 1/2000 Standard rescinded byCongressional ReviewAct 3/2001 – Bush signsWhat Now? We understand it may be difficult but:”Doing Nothing Is Not An Option”– OSHA Standards Apply 5(a)1 – Must Maintain a Workplace Free ofRecognized Hazards– Others are also interested Insurers Unions Share HoldersWhat is new? Recordkeeping NEP– GAO Report– Discovered cases MSD column on OSHA 300 Log– Identify work related MSDs– Accurate national data2001: New Approach4 Prong Approach– Industry and Task - Specific Guidelines– Outreach and Assistance– Advancing Research– National Advisory Committee on Ergonomics NACE– Academia, Insurance, Business, Labor– Enforcement– Your Most Valuable Asset– Quality, Reputation4 Prong Approach:Industry and Task-Specific Guidelines Work with stakeholders to develop industryand task-specific guidelines for industriesand particular hazards Meatpacking Guidelines, Nursing Homes,Retail Grocery, Poultry, Ship Building Some Trade Groups Are Writing Their OwnGuidelines Furniture Manufacturers Telecommunications Industry4 Prong Approach:Outreach and Assistance Materials To Help You Help Yourself SLTC – Electronic Tools –– www.osha.gov Technical Links Pages – e-Toolse Tools– Using Our Experience – Past– Encourage others to developbest practices – Future Alliances VPP Partnerships2
4 Prong Approach: Enforcement4 Prong Approach: EnforcementInspection Plan Industries which have been identifiedg a significantgnumber ofas havinginjuries related to ergonomicsInspection Personnel Compliance officers with experiencepin ergonomicgrelatedand expertiseinspections Ergonomic Coordinators in eachRegional Office National Ergonomic Response Team Outside ergonomics experts– Data initiative– National Emphasis Program– Local Emphasis Program– Complaints4 Prong Approach: Enforcement4 Prong Approach: Enforcement Hazard Must Exist Hazard Must BeRecognized The Hazard CauseSerious PhysicalHarm There Must BeFeasible AbatementCitationEnforcement: Citations 5(a)(1)Letter to company Ergonomic Hazard Alert Letter Acknowledgement LetterErgonomics Direction1. Alpha Health Services, 2/21/032. Security Metal Products, 2/26/033. SuperValu, 5/21/074. Brown Printing, 5/27/035. Mariner Health Care, 6/19/036. Tri-State Coca-Cola Bottling,g, 7/14/037. Regency Senior Services LLC, 8/18/038. Madonna Manor, 8/26/039. Haven Health of Norwich, 11/7/0310. Alden Court, 2/12/0411. Pepsi Bottling Group, LLC (Pepsi), 6/10/0412. Jacksonville Health and Rehab, 8/16/0413. Tree of Life, 8/3/0414. Wolcott Hall, 11/3/0515. Haven Health of Jewett City, 1/31/0816. Bath Iron Works, 2/21/083
Ergonomics Program ElementsAll Ergonomic Guidelines and Elements ofErgonomics Programs:1. Management commitment2. Employee involvement3. Job analysis4. Training5. Control implementation6. Medical management7. Program managementFind the Problems: Records For the past three years– Check OSHA logs Use task hours and do rates– Check Workers Comp dataTraining Recognition of signs and symptoms What to report and to whom to report– What are supervisorspto do with the reportp Recognition of the hazardous situations Job analysis Problem solving techniques Development of control measuresFind the Problems: Records– Look for clusters and trends– By body part Back, shoulder, distal upper extremity (elbow,wrist hand,wrist,hand fingers)– By year– By task– Time of year– LocationCalculate the MSD RateJob Analysis: Procedures What Must Be Done? Formulas:– Establish an ergonomics procedure to analyze thejob to seeDepartment MSD DART (# of MSD cases with lost workdays or restricted work) x200,000# of Department hours workedOR# of MSD cases with lost workdays or restricted work) x200,000(# of Department employees) x 2000 Who Will Address It?– Utilize the Workers Knowledge How?– Checklist– NIOSH Lifting Equation, Strain Index, RULA,REBA .– See What Others Are Doing4
Work Risk FactorsJob Analysis: Observation LinkPut on your ergonomics eyeWhat tasks are taxing the physicalcapabilities of the employee:Risk factors:ForceAwkward postureRepetitionContact StressVibrationDuration What body parts are stressed? Which tasks show potential hazards? What do the employees say?Control Interventions:Solutions1.2.3.4.Eliminate the hazardous exposurepReduce the level of exposureReduce the time of exposureRely on employee behaviorProcess Follow-up Follow-up on solutions to:– Check for effectiveness– Ensure didn’t create additional hazards– AcceptanceAt Follow-up on Medical Management– Treatment was effective– No new problemsControl Intervention: Solutions EliminationSubstitutionEngineering ControlsAdministrative ControlsWork Practice ControlsTrainingPersonal Protective EquipmentMedical Management Establish Access to Health CareProfessional– Should be Familiar with Job AddressAddMedicalM di l ProblemsP blEarlyE l– Evaluation and follow-up– Work restrictions if necessary– Ensure that Supervisors UnderstandRestrictions5
Process ManagementReactiveMedical ManagementProactiveManagement CommitmentWorksite evaluationProcess ManagementHazard Prevention and ControlEmployee InvolvementTraining and EducationErgonomic Investigation Not Inspection We conduct our investigation theway we think you might conductyours– Injury/Illness data (rates, severity,trends)– Walk-through and interviews– Video taping– On-site visit from experts– Evaluation of interventionsErgonomics: Resourceswww.osha.govOSHA Consultation Serviceswww.cdc.gov/nioshwwwcdc tools/index.html6
Ergonomics: Free ResourcesNIOSH Elements of Ergonomics Programs, #97-117Ergonomics Guidelines for Manual Material Handling,#2007 131#2007-131Easy Ergonomics: A Practical Approach for Improvingthe Workplace7
Beverly Nursing Homes: 1992. 2 Ergonomics Standard Standard issued 12/1999 - Program not specification . Madonna Manor, 8/26/03 9. Haven Health of Norwich, 11/7/03 10. Alden Court, 2/12/04 11. Pepsi Bottling Group, LLC (Pepsi), 6/10/04 12. Jacksonville Health and Rehab, 8/16/04
