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HAZMAT TRANSPORTATION REQUIREMENTSTraining, Packaging, and Shipping Paper Guide for Transporting HazmatWWW.PHMSA.DOT.GOV8.5x11 Version FINAL 2 24 2020.indd 13/27/2020 4:20:49 PM
HAZMAT TRAINING REQUIREMENTSTRAINING RECORDSThe Federal hazardous materials transportation law (49 U.S.C. 5101et seq.) is the statute that pertains to the transportation of hazardous materials (hazmat) in the United States, and that requires thetraining of ALL hazmat employees. The purpose of this training is toincrease a hazmat employee’s safety awareness and is an essentialelement in reducing hazmat incidents. The Hazardous MaterialsRegulations (HMR) includes training requirements in several sections of Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) as follows:Training records must be kept by the hazmat employer for eachhazmat employee, and must include the following: GENERAL §173.1 SPECIFIC §172.704 MODAL Air §175.20 Vessel §176.13 Highway §§177.800, 177.816Receiving the required training enhances employee safety and security and increases employee productivity and skills. Effective training also reduces incidents and accidents thereby reducing operatingcosts and losses from property damage, thus increasing profits.HMR TRAINING REQUIREMENTSEach hazmat employer must train and test their hazmat employees, certify their training, and develop and retain records of currenttraining.Hazmat training must include: general awareness/familiarization; function-specific; safety; security awareness; in-depth security training, if a security plan is required;and driver training (for each hazmat employee whowill operate a motor vehicle).FREQUENCY OF TRAININGInitial training of new hazmat employees, or an employee whochanges job functions, must be completed within 90 days of employment or change in job function. A new employee may performhazmat job functions before completing training provided theemployee does so under the direct supervision of a properly trainedand knowledgeable hazmat employee.Recurrent training is required at least once every three years. Thethree-year period begins on the actual date of training. Relevanttraining received from a previous employer or source may be usedto satisfy the requirements provided a current record of training isobtained from the previous employer or other sources.Training conducted by OSHA, EPA, and other Federal or international agencies may be used to satisfy the training requirements in§172.704(a) to the extent that such training addresses the components specified (general awareness/familiarization; function-specific;safety; security awareness; in-depth security training, if a securityplan is required; and driver training for each hazmat employee whowill operate a motor vehicle). the hazmat employee’s name; the completion date of the most recent training; training materials used (copy, description, orlocation); the name and address of the hazmat trainer; and certification that the hazmat employee has beentrained and tested.Training records must be retained for each hazmat employee forthree years from the date of the last training, and for 90 days afterthe employee leaves the company or their position.DEFINITIONSTraining - a systematic program (consistent approach, testing,and documentation) that ensures a hazmat employee has knowledge of hazmat and the HMR, and can perform assigned hazmatfunctions properly. See §172.700 through §172.704.Hazmat employer - a person who employs one or more employees and who: transports hazmat in commerce;causes hazmat to be transported or shipped incommerce; ordesigns, manufactures, fabricates,inspects, represents, marks, certifies,sells, offers, reconditions, tests,repairs, or modifies packagings as qualifiedfor use in the transportation of hazmat.The term “hazmat employer” also includes any department, agency,or instrumentality of the United States, a State, a political subdivision of a State, or Native American Indian tribe engaged in offeringor transporting hazmat in commerce. This term includes a personwho is self-employed, including an owner-operator of a motor vehicle that transports hazmat in commerce.Hazmat employee - a person employed by a hazmat employer,or person who is self-employed, and who directly affects hazmattransportation safety including: an owner-operator of a motor vehicle that transportshazmat; a person who: Loads, unloads, or handles hazmat;designs, manufactures, fabricates, inspects,tests, reconditions, repairs, modifies, marks,or otherwise represents packagings asqualified for use in the transportation ofhazmat;prepares hazmat for transportation;is responsible for safety of transporting hazmat; oroperates a vehicle used to transport hazmat.Compliance Check: Refer to §171.8 for definitions.TRAINING PIPELINE AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SAFETY ADMINISTRATION8.5x11 Version FINAL 2 24 2020.indd 223/27/2020 4:20:51 PM
PREPARING SHIPPING PAPERSCHECKLIST§§172.200 - 205, 172.602, 172.604Check the HMR, Part 172, Subpart C, for specific Shipping paperrequirements that may pertain to the materials you are shipping.Use the following as a guide.The proper shipping description ofa hazardous material consists of: a Basic Description, additional information(depending on materials andmode of transport), quantity of hazardous material,and Number and type of packagingused.The Basic Decription of a hazardousmaterial includes the Identificationnumber, the Proper Shipping Name,Hazard Class, and Packing Group(when applicable). This informationmust be placed on the shippingpaper in the specific order requiredin Part 172, Subpart C of the HMR.The HMR do not require a shipperto use a special form or format—itrequires the proper information beplaced on the shipping papers inthe proper sequence.SHIPPING DESCRIPTIONA correct shipping descriptionincludes many components,including the Basic Description,which must be placed on a shippingpaper in the sequence required in§172.202(b) of the HMR. An easyway to remember this sequence isto refer to the acronym “ISHP”:Identification Number, ShippingName, Hazard Class or Division,and Packing Group. If a technicalname is required, it must be placedin parentheses and listed afterthe Proper Shipping Name orBasic Description. If applicable, asubsidiary hazard class(es) must beplaced in parentheses immediatelyfollowing the primary hazard class.specification, for example: “12drums,” “12 1H1 drums,” or “12drums (UN 1A1).” The total quantityand types of packagings must beentered before, after, or both beforeand after the Basic Description.ADDITIONAL DESCRIPTIONIdentification Number (HMT Column 4); Proper Shipping Name(HMT Column 2); Hazard Class (HMT Column 3);Packing Group (HMT Column 5);Other Information (§172.202)When additional information isrequired or provided it must beTechnical name (“G” in HMT Column 1). See HMR §172.203(k)for specific requirements.listed after the Basic Description,Subsidiaryhazard(s) (HMT Column 6)unless the HMR states otherwise.Number and type of packages (i.e., “12 drums”or “12 1A1Looking at the “Check List” indrums”)this guide, you will see many ofTotal quantity (by mass or volume, i.e., “200 kgs”or “50 L”)these identified under Additional“Net Explosive Mass” for Class 1. See HMR§172.202(a)(5)(i) for specific requirements.Descriptions. Always check“EX-xxxx” for Class 1 materials when required. See HMR§172.203 of the HMR to ensure you§172.320(d) for specific requirements.have identified all the requirementsthat pertain to your shipment.Additional Descriptions (§172.203)“DOT-SPxxxxx” Special Permit NumberTwo exceptions to the regulation“Ltd Qty” or “Limited Quantity”for placing additional information“RQ” for Reportable Quantity. See Appendix A to §172.101after the Basic Description pertainfor specific requirements.to the “Technical name” and the“RESIDUE: LAST CONTAINED***” (Required for tank carletters “RQ.” The “Technical Name”with residue)“Marine Pollutant” (for non-bulk by vessel and bulk inmay be placed in parenthesesall modes). See Appendix B of the HMT for specificafter the Proper Shipping Name orrequirements.after the Basic Description. “RQ”“Poison-Inhalation Hazard” or “Toxic-Inhalation Hazard“may be entered either before orand applicable Hazard Zone, e.g., “Zone A,” “Zone B,” etc.,after the Basic Description. On(HMT Column 7 and §172.102)“HOT” for liquid elevated temperature materials, whena shipping paper with columnsmolten or elevated temperature is not part of properspecifically identifying hazardousshipping name. See HMR §172.203(n) for specificmaterials, “RQ” may replace therequirements.“X” normally placed in that column.“Organic Peroxides” See HMR §172.203(o) for specificSome hazardous materials, such asrequirements.“Waste” See HMR §172.102 for specific requirements.radioactive materials, require much“Radioactive Material” See HMR §172.203(d) formore specific information than isspecific requirements.covered here. Always use Part 172,Mode Requirements - Additional information may beSubpart C, of the HMR for specificrequired depending on specific mode(s) of transport.details and other informationSee HMR §172.203 for specific requirements.pertaining to your shipment.Emergency Response Telephone Number (§172.201(d),The total amount of hazardousmaterials covered by eachdescription must be indicated bymass or volume with the applicableunit of measure. For example: “200kgs” or “50 L.” The number andtype of packages must be indicatedand may include the packagingTRAINING PIPELINE AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SAFETY ADMINISTRATION8.5x11 Version FINAL 2 24 2020.indd 3The acronym “ISHP” spells out the proper sequence of the BasicDescription, as shown: Basic Description (proper sequence§172.202(b)). Use the Hazardous Materials Table (HMT)(§172.101).§172.604)“EMERGENCY CONTACT: xxx-xxx-xxxx” (includeinternational access code, if applicable). Offeror’sname must appear directly before, after, above, orbelow the ER number unless clearly visible elsewhere.If the ER number has been contracted with acapable agency, you must include the offeror’s nameor the contract number.Shipper’s Certification (§172.204)Signed statement: “This is to certify that the abovementioned materials.” See HMR §172.204 forspecific certification statements.33/27/2020 4:20:52 PM
USING THE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS TABLE (HMT) nd nideGFlammableliquids, n.o.s.Phosphoricacid solution(9)Quantity Limitations(8) Packaging(§173.***)HazardClass Provisions(§172.102)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)UN1092I6.1, 31, B9, B14, B30,B42, B77, T22,TP2, TP7, TP13,TP38, TP44None2262446.1IB8, IP2, IP4T3, TP331532042423T11, TP1, TP27IB2, T7, TP1,TP8,TP28B1, B52, IB3, T4,TP1, TP29150201150202150A7, IB3, N34,T4, il(9A)ForbiddenCargoaircraft L220L2032415L60LThe HMT (§172.101) provides a list of hazardousmaterials. The first step in filling out a shipping papercorrectly is to refer to the HMT and find the entry thatmost appropriately describes the hazardous material(s)you are shipping. This information, known as the BasicDescription, will include the Identification Number inColumn 4, Proper Shipping Name in Column 2, HazardClass or Division in Column 3, and Packing Group inColumn 5. If a material has one or more subsidiaryhazards, they are identified in Column 6. Subsidiaryhazards must be listed with the basic description.Codes listed in Columns 1 and 7 indicate there isadditional information regarding the hazardous materialbeing shipped—some of which may be required to beentered with the basic description. For example, a “G” inColumn 1 indicates that the proper shipping name listedmust be further identified by the addition of a “technicalname” placed in parentheses. The chemical manufactureror the safety data sheet should provide this information.Special provision codes listed in Column 7 are definedin §172.102. These codes can indicate many things,including whether a material is toxic by inhalation.After the material is identified in the HMT, AppendicesA and B must be checked. Appendix A is the List ofHazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities(RQ). If the material is listed in Appendix A, you mustdetermine if it meets the definition of a hazardoussubstance(s) prescribed in §171.8. If the material is listed,and the quantity per package meets or exceeds the RQamount listed, identify it as a reportable quantity on theshipping paper. (See HMR §172.203(c) for specificrequirements.Appendix B lists marine pollutants. Most packages ofhazardous materials that meet the definition of a marinepollutant must be identified as such when transported byvessel. When transported by modes other than vessel,only marine pollutant bulk packages must be identified assuch. (See HMR §172.203(l) for specific requirementsand §171.4 for exceptions).TRAINING PIPELINE AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SAFETY ADMINISTRATION8.5x11 Version FINAL 2 24 2020.indd 443/27/2020 4:20:56 PM
SAMPLE SHIPPING PAPEREMERGENECY RESPONSETELEPHONE NUMBERShipping papers must contain anemergency response telephone numberunless specifically excepted in §172.604.This number must include the area codeor international access code, as applicable,and be monitored at all times while thematerial is in transit or in storage incidentalto transportation. The person answeringmust be knowledgeable of the hazardousmaterials being shipped, or have immediateaccess to a person with such knowledge.The person must be able to assist firstresponders at the scene of an incidentinvolving the hazardous materials (e.g., fireor explosion hazards, protective clothingrequired, and evacuation distances).Answering services, answering machines,beepers, or telephone numbers that requirea call back are not permitted.SHIPPER’S CERTIFICATIONPersons offering hazardous materialsfor transportation shall certify that theirshipment is offered in accordance with theHMR. The required certification statementsare listed in § 172.204. The certification mustbe signed by a principal, officer, partner, oremployee of the shipper or his agent. It maybe signed manually, by typewriter, or byother mechanical means.RETENTIONThe person providing the shipping papershall record the date the hazardous materialis accepted by the carrier (this may varyfor rail, vessel, or air) and maintain a copyor electronic image of the shipping paperfor two years (three years for a hazardouswaste). The copies must be accessible ator through the principal place of businessand must be made available if requestedby an authorized official of a Federal, State,or local government agency at reasonabletimes and locations. See §172.201 for specificrequirements.EMERGENCY RESPONSEINFORMATIONShipments of hazardous materials mustinclude emergency response informationon the shipping paper itself or a separatedocument. This emergency responseinformation is used in the event of anincident involving hazardous materials toassist emergency responders at the scene.At a minimum, this information must include:(1) the Basic Description (including technicalname, if applicable), (2) immediate hazardsto health, (3) risks of fire or explosion,(4) immediate precautions to be taken inthe event of an accident or incident, (5)immediate methods for handling fires, (6)initial methods for handling spills or leaks inthe absence of fire, and (7) preliminary firstaid measures. For additional and specificrequirements, check Part 172, Subpart G ofthe HMR.TRAINING PIPELINE AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SAFETY ADMINISTRATION8.5x11 Version FINAL 2 24 2020.indd 5The emergency response telephone numbermust be entered immediately following theshipping description for the material orentered once in a prominent area on theshipping paper that is clearly visible andeasily identified, for example: “EMERGENCYCONTACT: XXX-XXX-XXXX.” If the numberis placed in one location, it must apply toall the hazardous materials described onthe shipping paper. If separate telephonenumbers are needed for different materials,the corresponding emergency responsenumber must be entered immediately afterthe shipping description to which it applies.The telephone number may be the numberof the person offering the shipment or thenumber of a hired third-party provider aslong as the person monitoring it has themost current information from the offeror onthe material and accepts responsibility forproviding this information in an emergency.Note that many third-party providers requirea contract/fee to provide this service. If athird-party emergency response provideris used, the person who is registered withthe provider must be identified by name,contract number, or other unique identifieron the shipping paper directly before, after,above, or below the emergency responsenumber. This information can be enteredelsewhere on the shipping paper provided itis prominent, clearly visible, and allows theinformation to be easily and quickly found.53/27/2020 4:20:58 PM
PERFORMANCE PACKAGING CODESPACKING GROUP (PG)Packing group means a grouping according to the degree of danger presented by hazardous materials. Packing Group I indicates great danger; Packing Group II, medium danger; Packing Group III, minor danger. Class 1, Class 2, Class 7, Division 6.2 (other than regulated medicalwastes), articles (e.g., lithium batteries), and ORM-D materials do not have packing groups.PACKAGING CODES§§178.504 - 178.5211A1Steel drum, non-removable4BAluminum box6HA2Plastic receptacle within a protective steel crate or box6PD1Glass, porcelain, or stonewarereceptacles within a protectiveplywood drum4NMetal box, other4C1Wood box, ordinary6HB1Plastic receptacle within a protective aluminum drum6PD2Wood box, sift-proof walls6HB2Plastic receptacle within a protective aluminum crate or boxGlass, porcelain, or stonewarereceptacles within a protectivewickerwork hamper4C26PG14DPlywood box6HCPlastic receptacle within a protective wooden boxGlass, porcelain, or stonewarereceptacles within a protectivefiber drum4FReconstituted wood box6HD16PG24GFiberboard boxPlastic receptacle within a protective plywood drumGlass, porcelain, or stonewarereceptacles within a protectivefiberboard box6HD24H1Plastic box, expandedPlastic receptacle within a protective plywood box6PH14H2Plastic box, solid6HG1Plastic receptacle within a protective fiber drumGlass, porcelain, or stonewarereceptacles within a protectiveexpanded plastic packaging6PH25H1Woven plastic bag, unlined ornon-coated6HG2Plastic receptacle within a protective fiberboard boxGlass, porcelain, or stonewarereceptacles within a protectivesolid plastic packaging5H2Woven plastic bag, sift-proof6HH1Plastic receptacle within a protective plastic drum5H3Woven plastic bag, water-resistant6HH2Plastic receptacle within a protective plastic box5H4Plastic film bag6PA15L1Textile bag, unlined or non-coatedGlass, porcelain, or stonewarereceptacles within a protectivesteel drum6PA2Glass, porcelain, or stonewarereceptacles within a protectivesteel crate or box6PB1Glass, porcelain, or stonewarereceptacles within a protectivealuminum drum6PB2Glass, porcelain, or stonewarereceptacles within a protectivealuminum crate or box6PCGlass, porcelain, or stonewarereceptacles within a protectivewooden boxhead1A2Steel drum, removable head1B1Aluminum drum, non-removable head1B2Aluminum drum, removablehead1DPlywood drum1GFiber drum1H1Plastic drum, non-removablehead1H21N1Plastic drum, removable headMetal drum, non-removablehead1N2Metal drum, removable head2C1Wooden barrel, bung type2C2Wooden barrel, slack type,removable head3A1Steel jerrican, non-removablehead3A2Steel jerrican, removable head5L2Textile bag, sift-proof3B1Aluminum jerrican, non-remov-5L3Textile bag, water-resistant5M1Paper bag, multi-wall5M2Paper bag, multi-wall water-resistantable head3B2Aluminum jerrican, removablehead3H1Plastic jerrican, non-removablehead3H2Plastic jerrican, removable head4ASteel box§§178.522 and 178.5236HA1Plastic receptacle within a protective steel drumTRAINING PIPELINE AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SAFETY ADMINISTRATION8.5x11 Version FINAL 2 24 2020.indd 663/27/2020 4:21:12 PM
INTERPRETING MARKINGS §§178.502 and 178.503CONVERSION FACTORS §171.10United Nations Symbol: For embossing metalreceptacles, the letters UN may be applied inplace of the symbol.Country of Authorization: Country designation code indicates where the package ismanufactured and marked.Packaging Code: Designates the type ofpackaging and material of construction.Manufacturer Identification: Name andaddress or authorized symbol of packagingmanufacturer or certifying agency.For compatibility with internationaltransportation standards, most units ofmeasure used in Subchapter C of the 49CFR are expressed using InternationalSystem of Units (SI). Where SI units appear (L, kg, kPa) they are the regulatorystandard.A letter “W” designates associate administrator approval. A letter “V” designates special“variation” packaging.Performance Level: Identifies the performance standard for successful testing of thepackaging.X - For packagings meeting PackingGroup I, II, and III tests.Y - For packagings meeting PackingGroup II and III tests.ZFor packagings meeting PackingGroup III tests.Minimum Thickness: For metal or plasticdrums, jerricans or the outer packaging ofcomposite packaging intended for reuse orreconditioning.R: Reconditioned packaging.L: Reconditioned packaging having successfully passed a leakproofness test. This test isnot required for inner packaging of combination packaging.U.S. standard or customary units, (gal.,lbs., psi) appearing in parentheses following SI units are for information onlyand not intended to be the regulatorystandard.10 kPa 1.45 psi75 kPa 10.9 psi95 kPa 13.8 psiNote: Additional marking requirements for Reconditioned packaging are found in §178.503.100 kPa 14.5 psi150 kPa 21.8 psiSpecific Gravity: Specific gravity for whichthe packaging design type has been tested.If the specific gravity does not exceed 1.2, thedesignation may be omitted.Additional Requirements for IntermediateBulk Containers (IBC).Gross Mass: Maximum permitted gross massin kilograms for the packaging design type.Stacking Test Load: For IBCs, the stackedtest load in kilograms. A number “0” showsthat the IBC is not designed for stacking.50 kg 110 lbNote: Standards and codes for IBCs are found in§178.702 - 178.710.200 kg 440 lbS: Designates that the packaging is intendedto contain solids or inner packagings.Hydrostatic Test Pressure: Internal Hydrostatic Test Pressure in Kilopascals. This test isnot required for inner packaging of combination packaging.250 kPa 36.3 psi1 kg 2.2 lbMonth and Year: For IBCs, the month andyear of manufacture.25 kg 55 lb100 kg 220 lb150 kg 330 lb250 kg 551 lb0.47 L 1 pint (US)0.95 L 1 quart (US)Year of Manufacture: Last two digits of year.of manufacture. Plastic drums and jerricans(1H and 3H) must be marked with the monthof manufacture. The month marking may belocated elsewhere on the package.1 L .264 gal (US)REQUIRED TESTS FOR NON-BULK PACKAGING §§178.600-178.60910 L 2.6 gal (US)3.8 L 1 gal (US)4 L 1.06 gal (US)5 L 1.32 gal (US)Drop Test (§178.603) All packaging design types.Leakproofness Test (§178.604) All packaging design types intended for liquids.Hydrostatic Test (§178.605) All metal, plastic, and composite design types intended to containliquids.1 lb. .454 kg; 1 gal. 3.785 LStacking Test (§178.606) All packaging design types other than bags.Cooperage Test (§178.607) All bung-type wooden barrels.Vibration Test (§178.608) All packaging design types.Infectious Substances See §178.609 for test requirements for packagings for infectious substances.Pressure Differential (§173.27) Packagings intended for air transport.Compliance Check. Use the 49 CFR,Parts 100-185.TRAINING PIPELINE AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SAFETY ADMINISTRATION8.5x11 Version FINAL 2 24 2020.indd 773/27/2020 4:21:13 PM
FEATURED RESOURCESHazmat Transportation Training ModulesOnlineCheck the Box Undeclared HazmatShipments Awareness Campaign MaterialsDOT CHART 16 PublicationDOT CHART 16 Mobile AppHazmat Registration SearchMobile AppHazmat TransportationRequirements PublicationHow to Use the HMR PublicationAll Mobile Apps available atFor additional information contact:The Hazardous Materials Info Center1-800-HMR-4922(1-800-467-4922)Email: infocntr@dot.govhttp://hazmat.dot.govPipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety AdministrationOutreach, Training, and Grants DivisionEast Building, 2nd Floor1200 New Jersey Ave., SEWashington, DC 20590Email: training@dot.gov202-366-4900202-366-7342 (Fax)PHH50-0184-02208.5x11 Version FINAL 2 24 2020.indd 8checkthebox.dot.gov3/27/2020 4:21:17 PM
Training, Packaging, and Shipping Paper Guide for Transporting Hazmat 8.5x11 Version FINAL 2 24 2020.indd 1 3/27/2020 4:20:49 PM. HAZMAT TRAINING REQUIREMENTS The Federal hazardous materials transportation law (49 U.S.C. 5101 et seq.) is the statute that pertains to the transportation of hazard-
