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A mini-motorcycle, pocket bike, go-kart or all-terrain vehicle (ATV) is notlegal for use on public roads in Oregon. To be legal on public roads, motorizedvehicles, including motorcycles, need to meet the U.S. Department ofTransportation’s vehicle design safety and equipment requirements and U.S.Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) emission standards. For a quickreference guide, visit our website at: orcycles, Pocket Bikes, ATVs and Off-Road MotorcyclesMotorcycles originally manufactured for off-road use generally do not meet theemission standards for on-road use and cannot be registered for highway use inOregon. For information about converting an off-road motorcycle to street use,visit the Transportation Safety Office’s website at: x.Out of state? Call 503-945-5000If you are temporarily living out of state, you may complete an approvedmotorcycle rider education course in that state. You must apply for a motorcycleendorsement within two years from when you complete the course, unless thecourse completion card expires sooner.These courses are approved by DMV: Motorcycle Safety Foundation (MSF) Basic Rider Course; Idaho Skills Training Advantage for Riders (STAR); California Motorcyclist Safety Program (CMSP) Motorcyclist TrainingCourse; Total Control Riding Clinic; and Motorcycle Ohio Rider Enhancement (MORE).5

TWOSection TwoFactors Affecting Rider PerformanceRiding a motorcycle demands your full attention. Responsible riders payattention to the riding environment, identify potential hazards, look for escaperoutes and make good decisions.Your ability to trust your judgment and to be aware of changing conditions orpotential hazards is influenced by how mentally fit and alert you are.Alcohol is a major contributor to motorcycle crashes, particularly fatal crashes.Studies show that, in Oregon, 43% of all riders killed in motorcycle crashesduring 2019 had been drinking.2 Riding “under the influence” of alcohol or otherdrugs poses physical and legal hazards for every rider.Effects of Alcohol and other Impairing DrugsIt is important to understand the effect of alcohol, marijuana and other drugs tosee that they don’t mix with riding. Alcohol and other drugs impair your:Judgment – Alcohol and other impairing drugs affect those areas of your brainthat control judgment. You may not be able to make good decisions about trafficconditions or how you can protect yourself.Vision – Alcohol and certain types of drugs can blur your vision, slow yourability to focus and cause double vision.Reaction Time – Alcohol and other impairing drugs slow your ability to processinformation and impact your ability to react quickly to a situation.Riding under the influence of alcohol or other drugsposes physical and legal hazards for every rider.26National Center for Statistics and Analysis (2021, April). Motorcycles: 2019data (Traffic Safety Facts. Report No. DOT HS 813 112). Washington, DC:National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

The safest and most responsible choice is tonot drink and ride. Your ability to thinkclearly and ride safely is affected by aslittle as one drink. Once you start, yourjudgment is affected and your ability tosay “no” gets weaker.If you plan on drinking, leave yourmotorcycle at home and find othertransportation so you won’t be tempted toride impaired. Or, call ahead to where you planon drinking and ask if there is a secure place foryou to store your motorcycle overnight so you can find analternative way home – such as a taxi or designated driver.TWODon’t Drink and RideThere are no shortcuts to removing alcohol from your body. None of the“remedies” you may have heard about – cold showers, hot coffee, or physicalexercise – will remove alcohol faster. The only proven remedy to removing alcoholis time. Remember – your body can process about one drink an hour.Other Impairing Drugs and RidingMarijuana and other cannabis products slow your reaction time, interfere withyour concentration, impact your perception of time and distance and affect yourability to ride safely. Its negative effects are most evident when individuals handlingmultiple tasks are confronted with something unexpected. Your response andperformance at these times need to be quick and accurate.Many prescription, over-the-counter and illegal drugs may also affect your ability toride safely. If you are not sure if it is safe to take a drug and ride, ask your doctor orpharmacist about any side effects.Never drink alcohol while you are taking other drugs. These drugs could multiplythe effects of alcohol or have additional effects of their own. These effects not onlyreduce your ability to operate your motorcycle, but could cause serious healthproblems, even death.Combining drinking and drug use with the operation of a motor vehicle can havefatal consequences. Motorcyclists are more likely than automobile drivers to bekilled or severely injured in crashes.7

Other Factors Affecting Rider PerformanceTWOTWODistracted RidingA distraction is anything that takes your attention away from riding. Riderdistractions may occur anytime and anywhere. Distracted riding can causecollisions, resulting in injury, death or property damage. Taking your eyes off theroad or hands off the motorcycle presents obvious riding risks. Mental activitiesthat take your mind away from riding are just as dangerous. You must maintainyour attention on the riding task. You are completely and solely responsible foroperating your motorcycle in a safe manner.HealthThere are many health conditions, even minor issues, that can affect your riding.Check with your doctor if a health condition could interfere with you operating amotorcycle.EmotionsEmotions can interfere with your ability to think, create mental distractions,increase risk-taking, create a lack of attention and interrupt your ability toprocess information. You may not be able to give all your attention to operating amotorcycle if you are overly worried, excited, afraid, angry or depressed.FatigueFatigue can affect your control of the motorcycle. To minimize potential forfatigue, be sure to be properly rested and take frequent rest breaks when riding longdistances. Experienced riders seldom try to ride more than about six hours a day.WeatherRiding a motorcycle requires a great amount of mental alertness and physicalskill. Sometimes changes in your environment can affect your visibility. Physicalchanges may occur as well, such as rain or wind, which may affect your ridingperformance. Responsible riders know how to adjust or compensate for factors thataffect rider performance.Cold WeatherIn cold weather riding, protect yourself by wearing proper protective gear like awindproof jacket and insulated layers of clothing. An additional windproof outerlayer can prevent cold air from reaching the skin.Cold weather can significantly impact your reaction time. To compensate for theslower reaction time, reduce your speed and increase your following distance andspace on your sides.8

HypothermiaSymptoms of hypothermia may include: Deterioration in physical coordination. Irrational, confused behavior. Sluggish movement. Shivering. Muscle tension. Shallow, slow breathing.TWORiding for long periods in cold weather may lower your body temperature andcause hypothermia.If a chill is experienced, leave the roadway at your first opportunity and findshelter. Drink warm liquids, do some exercise to warm yourself and change out ofwet clothes.Extreme Hot WeatherIn extreme hot weather, wear protective gear that breathes. It is important to weara jacket and long pants to protect you in a collision and to prevent dehydration.Drink plenty of water, stop and remove unnecessary heavy clothing and dry yourhands if they become slippery due to perspiration.Symptoms of heat stroke may include: Throbbing headache. Feeling dizzy or light-headed. Muscle weakness or cramps. Nausea and vomiting. Rapid heartbeat, which may be strong or weak. Rapid, shallow breathing.9

Test Your Knowledge1. What is the only proven remedy to remove alcohol from your body? (Page 7)TWOA. Hot coffee.B. Time.C. Physical exercise.2. Prescription drugs: (Page 7)A. Always help you ride safer.B. Are safe to use while riding.C. Can affect your ability to ride safely.3. To compensate for the slower reaction time in very cold weather, you should:(Page 8)A. Ride close to other vehicles.B. Speed up.C. Increase your following distance.10

Section ThreeA responsible rider makes a point to:1. Wear protective riding gear.2. Be familiar with the motorcycle.3. Inspect the motorcycle.THREEBefore You Ride4. Be free of impairments (alcohol and drugs).Selecting and Wearing Protective GearAnytime you ride a motorcycle: You must wear a helmet compliant with U.S. Department of Transportation(DOT) standards. You should wear face and eye protection. You should wear motorcycle protective riding gear (gloves, long pants, jacketand sturdy footwear).Helmet UseOregon requires you to wear a motorcycle helmet whenever you ride amotorcycle, moped or unenclosed autocycle as either an operator or passenger.Here are some facts to consider: Helmets protect you from the elements (wind, bugs, debris, etc.). A DOT-compliant helmet does not restrict vision or mask important sounds. Crashes are unpredictable and may happen at any time, even on short rides orwithin minutes of starting the ride. Regardless of speed, a helmet will reduce the chances of severe or fatal headinjuries.11

elmet SelectionProtection should be the first consideration when buying your motorcycle helmet.There are three primary types of helmets: full-face, three-quarter, and half. Afull-face helmet gives the most head protection since it covers all of the head andface. This design has a flip-up face shield that protects the eyes. A three-quarterhelmet affords riders good head protection and is constructed with the same basiccomponents, but doesn’t offer the face and chin protection of full-face helmets. Ifyou wear a three-quarter helmet, you should use an approved snap-on face shieldor goggles. Half helmets provide the least amount of protection.Whichever style you choose, make sure that the helmet: Is DOT compliant. You can tell if a helmet is DOT compliant if it has a labelattached to the helmet thatstates the manufacturer’s nameand/or brand, model, andsays DOT, FMVSS No.218,CERTIFIED. Has no obvious defects such ascracks, loose padding or frayedstraps.Back ofInside ofHalfHelmetHalfHelmet Fastens securely.Mfr. Name and/or BrandModel DesignationDOTFMVSS No. 218CERTIFIEDHelmet FitA helmet should fit comfortably, but snug all the way around. A helmet that istoo loose can lift in the wind or come off your head in a fall. One that is tootight can create sores or cause headaches. When choosing a helmet, try on severalbrands and sizes to get an idea of fit and comfort.Here are a few tips for the best fit: Cheek pads should touch your cheeks without pressing uncomfortably. There should be no gaps between your temples and brow pads. If the helmet has a neck roll, it should not push the helmet away from theback of your neck. On full face helmets, press on the chin piece. The helmet or face shield shouldnot touch your nose or chin.12

Face and Eye ProtectionWindshields will not protect your eyes from wind and debris; neither willeyeglasses or sunglasses. A windshield is not a substitute for a face shield. Glasseswill not keep your eyes from watering, and they might blow off when you turnyour head while riding. Goggles protect your eyes but won’t protect the rest ofyour face like a face shield does. Goggles can also reduce peripheral vision. Tintedeye protection or shields should not be worn at night or any other time when littlelight is available.THREEWithout face protection, an object could hit you in the eye, face or mouth. Afull-face helmet provides the maximum face and eye protection while riding andin the event of a crash. A plastic shatter-resistant face shield can help protect youreyes and face from wind, dust, dirt, rain, insects and pebbles thrown up fromvehicles ahead. These distractions can be painful and can take your full attentionfrom the road. Whatever happens, keep your eyes on the road and your hands onthe handlebars.Hearing ProtectionLong-term exposure to wind noise can cause irreversible hearing damage.Properly worn hearing protection can reduce wind noise and make your ridemore enjoyable while still allowing you to hear important sounds like car hornsand sirens. You can choose from a variety of styles from disposable foam plugs toreusable custom-molded devices.Protective Riding GearRiding gear designed for motorcycle riders provides protection in the event ofa crash as well as from heat, cold, rain, debris and hot or moving parts of themotorcycle. Sturdy synthetic or leather materials provide the best protection.Wearing brightly colored clothing with retro-reflective material will make youmore visible to other roadway users.Sturdy synthetic or leather materials provide thebest protection. Jackets and Pants should cover arms and legs completely and be made ofdurable material. Jeans do not provide adequate protection. Wear a jacket evenin warm weather to prevent dehydration. Many motorcycle riding jackets aredesigned to protect without getting you overheated, even on summer days. Protective Footwear provides protection for the feet, ankles and lower partsof the legs. They should be high and sturdy enough to cover your ankles andgive them support. Leather boots are best. Soles should be made of hard,durable slip-resistant material. Keep heels short so they do not catch on roughsurfaces. Tuck laces in so they won’t catch on your motorcycle.13

Gloves allow a better grip and help protect your hands. Your gloves should befull-fingered and made of leather or similar durable material. Rain Suits designed for motorcycle riding resist tearing apart or ballooning upat high speeds. You will be much more comfortable and alert than a rider whois wet and cold. One- or two-piece styles are available. A rain suit with retroreflective strips or high visibility orange or yellow colors are good choices.THREEWhatever the weather conditions, always wear protective gear that will keep youcomfortable, enabling you to concentrate on your riding.Know Your MotorcycleYou should get to know yourmotorcycle. Learning howthings work and what partsneed the most attentioncould reduce your chances ofbeing in a crash and extendthe life of your motorcycle.You should allow extra roomfor stopping if you are notfamiliar with the motorcycle.Choke(varies)Engine CutOff SwitchLight Switch(high/low)Turn SignalSwitchHornButtonSpeedometer& OdometerElectricStartButtonTachometer(if equipped)ThrottleTo make sure that yourmotorcycle will not let youdown: Read the owner’s manualfirst and get to know it. Be familiar with themotorcycle controls. Conduct a pre-ride checkof the motorcycle beforeevery ride.Clutch LeverFront BrakeLeverIgnition KeyFuel SupplyValve(if equipped)GearChangeLever(varies)Rear BrakePedalKick Starter(if equipped) Check your tire pressure.Low tire pressure canaffect steering, stoppingand how the motorcycle handles. Keep it serviced and maintained. A motorcycle needs more frequentinspections and maintenance than a car. A breakdown is more likely to causean accident.Make sure your motorcycle fits you. Your feet should reach the ground while youare seated on the motorcycle. The clutch and brake levers should be adjusted tofit the reach of your hands. The gear change lever and rear brake pedal may beadjusted to fit your feet and boots for proper operation.14

There are six primary controls needed to make the motorcycle move and stop.You will need both hands and both feet to operate these controls. Handlebars – The handlebars are used to steer and turn. They are also usedto initiate and control motorcycle lean. Throttle – Is the right handgrip and is operated by rolling the handgriptoward you to increase speed and away from you to decrease speed. Whenreleased, the throttle snaps back to an “idle” position. To use the throttlesafely and comfortably, keep four fingers around the throttle/handgrip andthe wrist in a flat position. Clutch Lever – Located in front of the left handgrip. To operate, squeezethe clutch lever in toward the left handgrip, disconnecting power from therear wheel. To reengage power, slowly release the clutch lever while gentlyapplying thrott

Autocycles may not ride more than one abreast in a lane. 5 OE Mini-Motorcycles, Pocket Bikes, ATVs and Off-Road Motorcycles A mini-motorcycle, pocket bike, go-kart or all-terrain vehicle (ATV) is not legal for use on public roads in Oregon. To be legal on public roads, motorized