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To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System (Free Executive Summary)http://www.nap.eclu/catalog/9728.htmlFree Executive SummaryTo Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health SystemLinda T. Kohn, Janet M. Corrigan, and Molla S.Donaldson, Editors; Committee on Quality of HealthCare in America, Institute of MedicineISBN: 978-0-309-06837-6, 312 pages, 6 x 9 , hardback (2000)This free executive summary is provided by the National Academies aspart of our mission to educate the world on issues of science, engineering,and health. If you are interested in reading the full book, please visit usonline at http://www.nap.edu/catalog/9728.html . You may browse andsearch the full, authoritative version for free; you may also purchase a printor electronic version of the book. If you have questions or just want moreinformation about the books published by the National Academies Press,please contact our customer service department toll-free at 888-624-8373.As many as 98,000 people die each year from medical errors that occur in hospitals.That's more than die from motor vehicle accidents, breast cancer and AIDS—maltingmedical errors the fifth leading cause of death in this country. The institute of Medicinenow spearheadsan initiative to improve the quality of care in America by focusing on thefacts and making wide-ranging recommendations.Central to the ideas proposed by thelOM is the notion that skilled and cahng professionalscan—and do—makemistakesbecause,after all, to err is human. This Is why it is vital that we put this issue at the top ofour national agenda and seek ways to reduce these errors through the design of a saferhealthsystem.This executive summary plus thousands more available at www.nap.edu.Copyright National A c a d e m y of Sciences. Ail rights reserved. Unless othenwiseindicated, all materials in this PDF file are copyrighted by the National A c a d e m y ofSciences. Distribution or copying is strictly prohibited w/ithout permission of the NationalA c a d e m i e s Press http://www.nap.edu/permissions/ Permission is granted for this materialto be posted on a secure password-protected W e b site. The content may not be postedon a public W e b site.

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T o E r r Is H u m a n : B u i l d i n g a S a f e r H e a l t h S y s t e mhttp://bool s.nap.edu/catalog/9728.htmlCopyrightNational A c a d e m y of Sciences. All rights reserved.This executive s u m m a r y plus thousands more available at http://www.nap.edu

T o E r r Is H u m a n : B u i l d i n g a S a f e r H e a l t h S y s t e tional A c a d e m y of S c i e n c e s . All rights r e s e r v e d .T h i s e x e c u t i v e s u m m a r y plus t h o u s a n d s m o r e available at h t t p : / / w w w . n a p . e d u

T o E r r Is H u m a n : B u i l d i n g a S a f e r H e a l t h S y s t e tional A c a d e m y of S c i e n c e s . All rights r e s e r v e d .T h i s e x e c u t i v e s u m m a r y p l u s t h o u s a n d s m o r e a v a i l a b l e a t httpnap.edu

T o E r r Is H u m a n : B u i l d i n g a S a f e r H e a l t h S y s t e mhttp://books.nap.edu/catalog/9728.htmlCopyright National A c a d e m y of Sciences. All rights reserved.This executive s u m m a r y plus t h o u s a n d s m o r e available at http://www.nap.edu

T o E r r Is H u m a n : B u i l d i n g a S a f e r H e a l t h S y s t e tional A c a d e m y o f S c i e n c e s . All rights reserved.This executive s u m m a r y plus t h o u s a n d s m o r e available at http://www.nap.edu

T o E r r Is H u m a n : B u i l d i n g a S a f e r H e a l t h S y s t e tional A c a d e m y of Sciences. All rights reserved.T h i s e x e c u t i v e s u m m a r y plus t h o u s a n d s m o r e available at http://ww/w.nap.edu

T o E r r Is H u m a n : B u i l d i n g a S a f e r H e a l t h S y s t e mhttp://books.nap.edu/catalog/9728.htmlC o p y r i g h t National A c a d e m y of S c i e n c e s . All rights r e s e r v e d .This executive s u m m a r y plus t h o u s a n d s m o r e available at http://vmw.nap.edu

T o E r r Is H u m a n : B u i l d i n g a S a f e r H e a l t h S y s t e tional A c a d e m y of S c i e n c e s . All rights reserved.T h i s e x e c u t i v e s u m m a r y plus t h o u s a n d s m o r e a v a i l a b l e at http://wv w.nap.edu

T o E r r Is H u m a n : B u i l d i n g a S a f e r H e a l t h S y s t e tional A c a d e m y of Sciences. All rights reserved.T h i s e x e c u t i v e s u m m a r y plus t h o u s a n d s m o r e available at http://ww/w/.nap.edu

T o E r r Is H u m a n : B u i l d i n g a S a f e r H e a l t h S y s t e National A c a d e m y of S c i e n c e s . All rights reserved.This executive s u m m a r y plus t h o u s a n d s m o r e available at http://ww/w.nap.edu

T o E r r Is H u m a n : B u i l d i n g a S a f e r H e a l t h S y s t e ightNational A c a d e m y of S c i e n c e s . All rights r e s e r v e d .This executive s u m m a r y plus t h o u s a n d s m o r e available at http://www/.nap.edu

T o E r r Is H u m a n : B u i l d i n g a S a f e r H e a l t h S y s t e tNational A c a d e m y of S c i e n c e s . All rights reserved.This executive s u m m a r y plus t h o u s a n d s m o r e available at http://wv\/w.nap.edu

T o E r r Is H u m a n : B u i l d i n g a S a f e r H e a l t h S y s t e tional A c a d e m y of Sciences. All rights r e s e r v e d .T h i s e x e c u t i v e s u m m a r y plus t h o u s a n d s m o r e a v a i l a b l e at h t t p : / / w w w . n a p . e d u

T o E r r Is H u m a n : B u i l d i n g a S a f e r H e a l t h S y s t e l A c a d e m y o f Sciences. All rights r e s e r v e d .This executive s u m m a r y plus thousands more available at http://ww/w.nap.edu

T o E r r Is H u m a n : B u i l d i n g a S a f e r H e a l t h S y s t e tional A c a d e m y of Sciences. All rights reserved.T h i s e x e c u t i v e s u m m a r y plus t h o u s a n d s m o r e available at http://v /w/.nap.edu

To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System http://bool s.nap.edu/catalog/9728.html 2 TO ERR IS HUMAN ing in injury) are estimated to be between 17 billion and .