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Sitting BullBy: Lindsey Johnston

1Sitting Bull1Sitting Bull was one of the best Indian leaders in all of history.Here is some information about his life:Sitting Bull was born in Grand River, South Dakota in1831. He was a member of the Lakota Sioux tribe. Sitting Bull wasborn on a gray fall day. His mother, Mixed Day, was overjoyed withher new son, but curious about what she would name him later on.Sitting Bull never showed any interest in anything over the first fewmonths, but what Sitting Bull’s father (Returns Again) did noticewas he could not be hurried. If he was eating, he had to examinehis food before eating it, which was smart, but very odd for babyIndians like him. One day Returns Again and Mixed Day finallydecided on a name for their odd baby boy. The name they choosewas “Slow”. But that name did not stick with him forever.

Gallery 1.1 Slide to look at pictures of Sitting BullSitting Bull’s head dress was one of the many things that made himsuch an amazing leader.2

Chapter 2How Sitting Bullgot his name!3When Slow was 14, he saw his father and otherwarriors ride off into battle against the Crow. When themen saw him riding closer, they didn't tell him to go backhome because they were very shocked since he was soyoung. When the Crow saw the Sioux, they quicklyretreated. Yet one lone Crow still stood and this wasSlow’s chance to gain bravery and count coup on thiswarrior. (Counting coup was a Lakota Sioux tradition thatrequired warriors to get close enough to their enemy totouch them with a stick.) With that in mind, Slow was verybrave and rode off by himself and motioned for otherwarriors to follow. When Slow reached his destination,the Crow warrior leaped off his horse and grabbed his bowand arrow ready to fire. Cautiously, Slow grabbed the coupstick and tapped the Crow on his shoulder! This was anamazing act of bravery for a 14-year-old.

After Slow counted coup, his father, Returns Again, got a vision from the great buffalo thattold him names like Sitting Bull, Jumping Bull, Bull Standing with Cow and Lone bull. In theSioux tradition, these referred to the four stages of life. With the help of the vision, Slow’s fathertook the first name for himself, but then he realized that his son, Slow, should have that name. SoReturns Again became Jumping Bull, and Slow became Sitting Bull. And that is how Sitting Bull’sname came to be.Review 2.1 Test your knowledgeQuestion 2 of 2What tribe was Sitting Bull from?A. Lakota SiouxB. CheyenneC. HopiD. ApacheCheck Answer4SittingBull

Chapter ThreeSitting Bull’s time as ChiefDuring Sitting Bull’s teen years, he was chosen as theleader of the The SiouxInteractive 3.1 Interactive Sioux Territory Maptribe, in the territory nowcalled North Dakota.Sitting Bull earned soThis was wereBlack Hillsmuch respect for hisSitting Bull andGold washis people weregreats skills and braverydiscoveredmoved on to ahere.that the Lakota took areservation.vote and ended upchoosing Sitting Bull asthe great chief of theLakota nation. Just a few yearslater, after he becameChief, the tensions grewworse with the Americansoldiers and the LakotaIndians, as white prospectors rushed into the Sioux’s land.In June 1863, Sitting Bull fought against the United Statesfor his first time. The next year he took on the AmericanSoldiers again in the battle of Killdeer Mountain. In 1868,the Treaty of Fort Laramie recognized the Black Hills assacred lands that were part of the great Sioux reservation.5

The American government ignored theirearlier treaty because they wanted thegold, and declared war on any nativetribes that prevented it from taking overtheir land. When Sitting Bull refused to goby these new rules, another war wasinevitable.This is apicture of GeneralCuster leading theexpedition for gold inthe black hills, in1874. 6

Drawing of theBattle of the LittleBighorn4Indian wars7 In the year 1875, the United States offered to buy theBlack Hills from the Sioux for 6,000,000. Sitting Bullrefused the offer, wanting to remain on the sacred lands.Later on that spring, Sitting Bull attended the Sun DanceCeremony, on the Little Bighorn River, where a greatnumber of Indians gathered in a temporary village. SittingBull danced for 36 straight hours , and ended hisperformance while grabbing other performers. He toldthem that he had received a vision with a very specialending, where the American army was defeated. About aweek after the Sun Dance, Sitting Bull brought his men intothe battle of the Rosebud. A week later he was brought intobattle again against General George Armstrong Custer inthe famous battle of Little Bighorn. June 25, 1876 was theexact date of this famous battle. There, Sitting Bull leadthousands of Sioux and Cheyenne warriors into battleagainst American soldiers. After the battle was done,Custer himself was killed along with half of his 600American soldiers.

Custer had been ordered intobattle with any Sioux Indians whowould not go to anotherreservation, but Sitting Bull and hiswarriors had no fear in taking onthe men and keeping the right oftheir land. Even to this day, theSioux still hold one of the best winsin battle history. (Click here to seea timeline of the events leading upto this battle:) http://littlebighornproject.com/d5.html The U.S was so embarrassed bythe battle of Little Bighorn thatthey doubled their efforts to takethe Sioux’s land.With that being said, Sitting Bullmoved his tribe up into Canadawhere they stayed for four years .In 1881 Sitting Bull and his crewreturned to their Dakotaterritory , where Sitting Bull washeld as a prisoner until 1883.8Gallery 4.1 Pictures from the Battle of the Little BighornToday you can see the graves of all the men who died inThe Battle of The Little Bighorn.

5Wild WestShow Sitting Bull’s connection to Nebraska was brief. After being releasedfrom prison, he became friends with Annie Oakley (famous sharpshooter)and joined Buffalo Bill Cody’s Wild West Show. From 1884-1885 Sitting Bulltraveled around the state of Nebraska, showing off his riding skills, andgiving spectators a taste of Sioux culture. The show was basically to showpeople what the Old West was like. Sitting Bull reenacted the play of theBattle Of The Little Bighorn and during the play, Sitting Bull was called”The Slayer of General Custer”. The pay was better than 50 dollars a week ,but Sitting Bull’s life was incomplete. He was very unhappy, and he missedhis family a lot. Also making him uneasy was the fact that many of thepeople in the towns hated him. After the season was over, Buffalo Bill gaveSitting Bull a Stetson hat and a white trick horse to thank him for joining theshow. Eventually, Sitting Bull returned home to his people and family. Afterhe returned home he realized that every time the horse heard a gunshot itwould sit down and put its hoof up. Sitting Bull proudly said, ‘“ I wouldrather die an Indian than live the life of a white man”.9

Gallery of The Wild WestShow!Gallery 5.1 Slide to see pictures of The Wild West Show.The actors traveled around and into new towns in this wagon.10

Annie OakleyMovie 5.1 Click below to meet Annie Oakley.11

S EC T I O N 2Word Search And Puzzle!!Interactive 5.1 Word SearchClick here to try a word search.12Interactive 5.2 Click here to try a verychallenging puzzle.Try your Best.

6Final years While Sitting Bull was enjoying his final years on theGrand River, not very far from where he had been born, hesat in a cabin, living his life proudly as an Indian. In 1889,Native Americans began a new kind of group to rid theIndian territory of white people and start the real Indianway of life. Sitting Bull joined that as soon as he heardabout it. Fearing the great Chief ’s movements, authoritieshired a Lakota police patrol to arrest Sitting Bull. OnDecember 15th, 1890, the Lakota police entered his homeand dragged him out of his cabin. Sitting Bull tried to fightback, but he was shot in the head. ln three seconds, SittingBull’s life, and all he had worked for, was over. Sitting Bull was brave for standing up to the white menwhen the treaties were broken. He lead one of the mostsuccessful battles in history against American troops, andfought for the Indian way of life.13

Review 6.1 Final quiz on Sitting BullQuestion 6 of 6Why was Sitting Bull such an important Native American in ourhistory?A. He stood up for his tribe in troubled times.B. He invented the moccasins.C. He was in Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show.D. He fought in the Civil War.Check AnswerClick below to watch Amazing video on the history 14

Mrs.BrookhouserDedicationMrs. HackettI dedicate my book to some of the very important people that helpedme through my writing. Thank you for helping me become such agreat writer: Mom, Mrs.Brookhouser, and my fourth grade Nebraskahistory teacher, Mrs.Hackett!Mom15

8CitationsBook title photo: Watercolor painting of Sitting BullChapter One: Black and White photo of Sitting Bullwww.history.comFirst Gallery picture: Sitting Bull in Head dresswww.creativecommons.comSecond Photo in gallery: Sitting Bull MonumentBlog;koldcast.tvThird photo in Gallery: Sitting Bull with long head dresswww.firstpeople.usChapter 2: Coup Stick www.redeagle.netChapter 3: Interactive Map www.ndstudies.orgChapter 3: Custer leading troops intobattlewww.naitionalarchives.comChapter 4: Battle of Little Big Horn paintingwww.Thepublicblogspot.com16

Gallery 2: First picture Battle of the LittleBighorn sign: www.historvius.comCitations: Row of bookswww.libguides.caltech.eduGallery 2: Second photo “Map” educationportal.comMajor sources used for information:Gallery 2: Third photo: TelegramThe Last Stand By: Nathaniel phy.com/people/sittingbull-9485326Gallery 2: Fourth photo Custer’s grave sitewww.panoramio.comGallery 2: Fifth photo horse calvarygravestone www.bearriverhomestead.comGallery 2: Sixth photo: Graveswww.Crossingamerica2009.blogspot.comChapter 5: programwww.americanheritagei.comGallery Three: Photo One: Buffalo Bill andSitting Bullwww.odysseythroughnebraska.wordpress.com17The Story of Sitting Bull Great Sioux Chief By:Lisa lhttp://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/people/s z/sittingbull.htm

S EC T I O N 1CitationsGallery 3: second photo: Annie Oakleywww.goldenwestclothing.wordpress.comGallery 3: photo Three Annie shootingfrom horsewww.circleofexsistence.comChapter 6: Final review question 3:General i.comGallery 3: Annie Oakley shootingwww.blog.snapfashion.co.UKGallery 3: Buffalo Bills wagonwww.milwaukee.about.comChapter 6: Sitting bull with piece pipewww.allposters.comChapter 6: Final review question 2 photoAnnie Oakley www.historium.comChapter 6: Final review question 2 photosBuffalo Bill www.historydenverlibrary.orgChapter 6: Final review questions 2 photosSitting Bull www.flickr.comChapter 6: Final review questions 2 photos18Chapter 6: Final review Last questionSitting Bull www.paulostudios.com

Annie OakleyReal name: Phoebe Anne Oakley Mozee, A markswoman in the famouBuffalo Bill’s Wild West Show.Related Glossary TermsDrag related terms hereIndexFind TermChapter 5 - Wild West Show

Count coup(Among the Plains Indians of North America) a brave or reckless deedperformed in battle by a single warrior, striking an enemy warrior withsustaining injury oneself.Related Glossary TermsDrag related terms here

DeclaredTo say (something) in a strong and confident way.Related Glossary TermsDrag related terms here

DestinationThe place to which a person travels or is sent.Related Glossary TermsDrag related terms here

ExamineTo look at (something) closely and carefully in order to learn more abofind problems, etc.Related Glossary TermsDrag related terms here

ExpeditionA journey especially by a group of people for a specific purpose (suchexplore a distant place or to do research).Related Glossary TermsDrag related terms here

GovernmentThe group of people who control and make decisions for a country, staRelated Glossary TermsDrag related terms here