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PHYSICS TEST—ContinuedMagnetic Field34. A proton of charge 1.6 x 10 19 coulomb movesthrough a vacuum with a speed v of 1 x 106 metersper second. It passes through a uniform magneticfield as shown above. If the force exerted on theproton is 8 x 10"15 newton, the magnitude of the36. Two wave pulses travel toward the left on a tautstring, as shown above. If the string is tightlyattached to the rigid post at the left, which of thefollowing correctly shows the reflection of thesepulses?(A)magnetic field is most nearly10 27 T10"n T5x 10'10T5x 10'2T(A) 1.3 x2x(B)(C)(D)(E) 20T35. A negatively charged rod is brought close to theknob of an uncharged electroscope and the leavesof the electroscope diverge, as shown above. Thecorrect explanation for this phenomenon is that(A)(B)(C)(D)both leaves become positively chargedboth leaves become negatively chargedboth leaves remain neutralone leaf becomes positively charged and theother becomes negatively charged(E) one leaf becomes positively charged and theother remains neutralGO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEUNAUTHOREEEO REPRODUCTION OR USE OF ANY PART OF THIS TEST IS PROHIBITED.300

PHYSICS TEST—Continued37. A guitar string vibrates with a frequency of400 hertz. If the tension in the string is increasedbut the length of the string is fixed, which of thefollowing will change?40. An object starts from rest and accelerates at 4.0meters per second squared. How far will it travelduring the first 3.0 seconds?(A) 6.0 m(B) 18 mI. The wavelength of the fundamental standing. wave on the stringn. The frequency of the fundamental standingwave on the stringin. The pitch of the sound produced(A)(B)(C)(D)(E)I onlyII onlyI and in onlyII arid m onlyI, n, and m(Q 24 m(D) 36 m(E) 48 mRate(m3/hr)Time (hr)PointSourceScreen 1Screen 238. In a darkened room, monochromatic light from thepoint source shown above passes through two verynarrow slits in screen 1. Which of the followingbest describes the interference pattern that isformed on screen 2 ?(A) A set of bright concentric circles(B) An array of bright dots(C) A continuous bright band dimming toward themiddle(D) A set of bright parallel bars at right angles tothe slits(E) A set of bright parallel bars parallel to the slits41. The graph above shows the rate at which water ispumped into a tank (measured in cubic meters perhour) as a function of time (measured in hours). Theshaded area under the curve is equal to the(A) average volume pumped in one hour(B) average rate of pumping in m3/hr(C) average time required to pump 1 m3(D) total volume of water pumped into the tank(E) total time required to fill the tankGO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE39. If the mass of a body and the net force acting onthe body are both doubled, the acceleration of thebody adrupledUNAUTHORIZED REPRODUCTION OR USE OF ANY PART OF THIS TEST IS PROHIBITED.301

PHYSICS TEST—CtnUbuMdCarACar 5*"Time42. Two cars, A and B, begin moving from astarting line at time f 0 and race over a totaldistance D. The graph above shows their respective distances from the starting line as functions oftime. Correct statements about the cars includewhich of the following?I. At time r,, car A has a greater speed than car B.II. At time th car A is closer to the finish linethan car B.HI. Car A crosses the finish line first.(A)(6)(C)(D)(E)I onlyJJonlyI and HI onlyn and HI onlyI, n, and IIItion each minute. What is its frequency of rotation?(A) 3,600 Hz60 HzlHz1/12 Hz1/60 Hzthe comet is true?(A) The direction of the velocity of the comet andthe direction of the force on the comet arethe same.(B) The speed of the comet is always minimumwhen the comet is closest to the Sun.(C) The speed of the comet is always maximumwhen the comet is farthest from the Earth.(D) The direction and the magnitude of the forceon the comet are always changing.(E) The direction of motion of the comet is alwayschanging, but its speed is constant.45. Which of the following forms of energy is mostlikely to be produced in some amount in nearly allenergy tricalMechanicalSound46. A source emits sound with a frequency of43. The second hand of a clock completes one revolu(B)(C)(D)(E)44. Halley's comet is in an elliptical orbit about theSun and is visible from the Earth once every76 years. Which of the following statements about7.0 x 10 hertz. If the speed of the sound is3.5 x 10 meters per second, what is the wavelength of the sound?(A)(B)(C)(D)(E)4.15.02.02.02.5xxxxx10 7 m10"2 m10"1 m105 m106 mUNAUTHORIZED REPRODUCTION OR USE OF ANY PART OF THIS TEST tS PROHIBITED.302

PHYSICS TEST—Continued47. A plane mirror can be used alone to form a(A)(B)(C)(D)(E)magnified real imagediminished real imagemagnified virtual imagediminished virtual imagevirtual image neither magnified nor diminished49. If electricity costs 0.10 per kilowatt-hour, howmuch does it cost for electricity to operate a 100watt lightbulb for 10 hours?(A) 0,001(B) 0.01(C) 0.10(D) 1.00(E) 10.00Electron Gun48. The figure above shows two pulses on a stringapproaching each other. Which of the followingstatements about the pulses is true?(A) They will reflect off each other, reversing their(B)(C)(D)(E)directions.They will pass through each other withoutchanging their directions.They will completely cancel each other andafterward there will be no pulse on thestring.They will combine to form a single pulse withamplitude twice that of each original pulse.They will combine to form a standing wave onthe string.50. An experiment involves the deflection of an electron beam by a uniform magnetic field as shownabove. In what direction does the magnetic fieldpoint?(A)(B)(C)(D)(E)To the left in the plane of the pageTo the right in the plane of the pageUpward in the plane of the pageInto the pageOut of the pageGO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEUNAUTHORIZED REPRODUCTION OR USE OF ANY PART OF THIS TEST IS PROHIBITED.303

PHYSICS TEST—Continuedpn1.5 m/1.0 m-*-4jxC51. Charges of 4 microcoulombs and -4 microcoulombs are located 1.0 meter apartand fixed in place, as shown above. A third charge, of 1 microcoulomb, is releasedfrom rest at point P, which is located 1.5 meters from each of the other twocharges. If the only forces acting are the electric forces between the charges, inwhich of the directions indicated below will the -fl-microcoulomb charge start tomove after release?(A)(B)(D)/ v/\(E)AAGO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEUNAUTHORIZED REPRODUCTION OR USE OF ANY PART OF THIS TEST 18 PROHIBITED.304

PHYSICS TEST—Continued52. The rate of heat loss through a wall by conduction isdirectly proportional to the area A of the wall, tothe thermal conductivity k of the wall, and to thetemperature difference across the wall, and isinversely proportional to the thickness D of thewall. If the outside temperature is Tx and the roomis maintained at temperature T2, the rate of heatloss is given by which of the following?76-Tt)(A)(B)Questions 54-55 relate to the graph below, which showsthe net force F in newtons exerted on a 1-kilogramblock as a function of time t in seconds. Assume thatthe block is at rest at t 0 and that F acts in a fixeddirection.5Force F 4(N)DAk(T2-01(E) A k (Ta - 7,) 53. A heat engine extracts 80 joules of energy from ahot reservoir, does work, then exhausts 60 joules ofenergy into a cold reservoir. What is the efficiencyof the heat engine?25%33%43%57%75%10Timef(s)(D) Ak(T2 - 7\) - (A)(B)(C)(D)(E)2345678954. The acceleration of the block at / 4 seconds is(A) m/s2(B)lm/s2(C)3m/s2(D)9m/s2(E) 12m/s255. During which of the following time intervals is thespeed of the block constant?(A)(B)(C)(D)(E)0 to 3 s3 to 6 s6 to 8 s8 to 10 sNone of the time intervalsGO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEUNAUTHORIZED REPRODUCTION OR USE OF ANY PART OF THS TEST 18 PROHIBITED.305

PHYSICS TEST—Continued56. Ball X, with a large mass, and ball Y, witha small mass, simultaneously roll with identicalhorizontal velocities off a tabletop. Air frictionis negligible. Which of the following shows theirsubsequent trajectories?(A)XandY57. A mass is attached to one end of a spring. The otheend of the spring is attached to the ceiling, as showabove. A person pulls the mass down and thenreleases it from rest. Just after the release, how dothe energies of the system change?(B)(C)58. When a conductor is moved through a magneticfield, current is induced in the conductor. Thisphenomenon is used for practical purposes in the(D)(A)(B)(C)(D)(E)electric generatorelectric motorelectroscopecapacitorbattery(E)GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEUNAUTHORIZED REPRODUCTION OR USE OF ANY PART OF THIS TEST 18 PROHIBITED.306

PHYSICS TEST—Continued1 ohm2 ohms59. In the circuit shown above, the current Ix in the1-ohm resistor is related to the current I2 in the2-ohm resistor by which of the following equations?A(A) /, /2*,—62. Two blocks of equal mass are attached to a stringthat passes over a frictionless pulley, as shownabove, and are initially at rest with block A atheight h{. A small mass m is placed on top ofblock A, causing it to move downward. Whenblock A reaches height h2, the small mass mis lifted from block A. True statements about themotion of block A include which of the following?(C) /, 12(E) 7, 2/a60. An object is placed 10 centimeters from aconverging lens of focal length 15 centimeters.If the image is 30 centimeters from the lens,what is the magnification?(A)(B)(C)(D)OB)I. It moves with constant velocity betweenheights hi and h2.II. It moves with constant acceleration betweenheights hi and h2.IE. It comes to rest immediately after m isremoved at height h2.0.51-52.03.05.0(A)(B)(C)(D)(E)61. The speed with which sound waves in the air passa stationary observer depends on the(A)(B)(C)(D)(E)Bspeed of the air relative to the observerspeed of the source relative to the airfrequency of the sourcewavelength of the sound in the airintensity of the sound in the airI onlyII onlyI and in onlyn and m onlyI, II, and in63. A proton of mass 1.7 x 10"27 kilogram and speed3 x 107 meters per second is moving in a circle ofradius 200 meters. Which of the following is thebest estimate of the order of magnitude of themagnetic force needed to maintain this motion?(A)(B)(C)(D)(E)lO N10"14N10"8N10"4N10 NGO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEUNAUTHORIZED REPRODUCTION OR USE OF ANY PART OF THIS TEST IS PROHIBITED.307

PHYSICS TEST—Continuedat .n o"** "*" n64. In an attempt to use fusion as a source of energy,physicists are studying the reaction representedabove. Particle X is which of the following?(A) }HView From Above67. A child sits at the outer edge of a merry-go-roundthat rotates at constant speed. The child releases aball at point P, shown above. As seen by a persoiwho is at rest with respect to the Earth and lookingdown from above the merry-go-round, the path(B) *H(C) \Hfollowed by the ball is shown by the arrow in whicof the following?65. On the basis of the Bohr model, it can be predictedthat the internal energy of a hydrogen atom will(A) increase when any frequency of light impingeson the atom(6) change by any amount as a result of collisionswith other hydrogen atoms(C) change only as a result of the emission of light(D) be restricted to certain discrete values(E) always be the same66. If thin metallic foil a few atoms thick is bombardedby a narrow beam of alpha particles, it will beobserved that(A) all particles pass through undetected(B) none of the particles are deflected throughmore than 45 (C) most particles are deflected through morethan 45 (D) occasional particles are deflected through 180 (E) all particles are deflected through 180 (E)GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEUNAUTHORIZED REPRODUCTION OR USE OF ANY PART OF THIS TEST 18 PROHIBtTED.308

PHYSICS TEST—ContinuedPerson 170. How much heat is required to melt 1.0 kilogramof ice at 0 C and raise the temperature of theresulting water to 20 C? (Heat of fusion ofsin 30 cos 60 0.500sin 60 cos 30 0.866v Person 2 pulling with a forcenof 100 newtons68. Two people are pulling a box that is on a sheet ofice. The box moves in the direction shown by thebroken line in the diagram above. If the ice offers noresistance and if Person 2 is pulling with a force of100 newtons, with what force must Person 1 bepulling?(A) 173 N(B) 158 N(C) 100 N(D) 58 NON(E)ice 3.3 x 105 joules per kilogram; specific heatof water 4.2 x 103 joules per kilogram C)(A) 4.1 x 105 J(B) 3.3 x 105J(C) 8.7 x 104 J(D) 8.4 x 104 J(E) 7.5 x 103 J71. Of the following observable phenomena, which canbe explained by using the wave model of light, butnot the particle model?(A) Energy is transmitted by a light beam.(B) Pressure is exerted by a light beam.(C) A region receiving light from two smallcoherent sources can have points of zerointensity of light.(D) All of the energy emitted by an atom as lightcan later be completely transferred to anotheratom.69. In the kinetic theory of gases, which of the followingis true about the relationship between the speed ofthe molecules and the temperature of the gas?(A) At any specified temperature, all molecules havethe same speed.(B) As the temperature of the gas is doubled, thespeed of each molecule is also doubled.(C) As the temperature of the gas is doubled, thespeed of each molecule is halved.(D) All molecules have speeds larger than a certainminimum and this minimum depends on thetemperature of the gas.(E) Molecular speeds are distributed over a widerange with a mean value that depends on thetemperature of the gas.(E) Light incident on a plane reflecting surface ata given angle is reflected at the same angle.72. A ray of light obliquely incident on a plane boundarybetween air and glass is partially reflected andpartially refracted. Which of the following characteristics is the same for both the incident ray andthe refracted ray?(A)(B)(C)(D)(E)FrequencyWavelengthSpeedPower transmittedDirectionGO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEUNAUTHORIZED REPRODUCTION OR USE OF ANY PART OF THIS TEST IS PROHIBITED.309

PHYSICS TEST—Continued73. A 12-kilogram object initially has 24 joules ofkinetic energy. How far will the object moveagainst a net resisting force of 6 newtons?(A) 2m(B) 4m(Q 12m(D) 16 m.(E) 24 m74. Two bodies collide on a horizontal frictionlesssurface. Which of the following is true about theconservation of momentum and kinetic energy forsuch a collision?&75. Two parallel wires are located a distance Id apartand carry equal currents i in opposite directionsperpendicular to the page, as shown above. Themagnitude of the magnetic field at point P due toeach wire alone is 2 tesla. The resultant magneticfield at point P due to both wires is(A) zero(B) 4 T perpendicular to the page(C) 4 T downward in the plane of the page(D) 4 T to the right in the plane of the page(E) 4 T to the left in the plane of the pageSTOPIF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST ONLY.DO NOT TURN TO ANY OTHER TEST IN THIS BOOK,UNAUTKORtZEO REPRODUCTION OR USE OP ANY PART OF THIS TEST IS PROHIBITED.310

PhysicsHow to Score the SAT Subject Test In PhysicsWhen you take an actual Physics Subject Test, your answer sheet will be "read" bya scanning machine that will record your responses to each question. Then a computer will compare your answers with the correct answers and prodiice your rawscore. You get one point for each correct answer. For each wrong answer, you loseone-fourth of a point. Questions you omit (and any for which you mark more thanone answer) are not counted. This raw score is converted to a scaled score that isreported to you and to the colleges you specify.Worksheet 1. Finding Your Raw Test ScoreSTEP 1:Table A lists the correct answers for all the questions on the SAT SubjectTest in Physics that is reproduced in this book. It also serves as aworksheet for you to calculate your raw score.STEP 2: Compare your answers with those given in the table. Put a check in the column marked "Right" if your answer is correct. Put a check in the column marked "Wrong" if your answer is incorrect. Leave both columns blank if you omitted the question.Count the number of right answers.Enter the total here:STEP 3:Count the number of wrong answers.Enter the total here:STEP 4:Multiply the number of wrong answers by .250.Enter the product here:STEP 5:Subtract the result obtained in Step 4 from the total you obtainedin Step 2.Enter the result here:STEP 6:Round the number obtained in Step 5 to the nearest whole number.Enter the result here:The number you obtained in Step 6 is your raw test score.311

Real SAT Subject TestsTable A continued on next pag312

PhysicsTable A continued from previous page* These percentages are based on an analysis of the answer sheets for a random sample of 3,239 studentswho took this form of the test in November 1995 and whose mean score was 653. They may be used asan indication of the relative difficulty of a particular question. Each percentage may also be used topredict the likelihood that a typical SAT Subject Test in Physics candidate will answer correctly thatquestion on this edition of this test.313

Real SAT Subject TestsFinding Your Scaled ScoreWhen you take SAT Subject Tests, the scores sent to the colleges you specify are reported on the College Board scale, which ranges from 200 to 800. You can convertyour practice test score to a scaled score by using Table B. To find your scaledscore, locate your raw score in the left-hand column of Table B; the correspondingscore in the right-hand column is your scaled score. For example, a raw score of 60on this particular edition of the SAT Subject Test in Physics corresponds to a scaledscore of 780.Raw scores are converted to scaled scores to ensure that a score earned on any oneedition of a particular Subject Test is comparable to the same scaled score earnedon any other edition of the same Subject Test. Because some editions of tests maybe slightly easier or more difficult than others, scaled scores are adjusted so thatthey indicate the same level of performance regardless of the edition of the test taken and the ability of the group that takes it. Thus, for example, a score of 400 on oneedition of a test taken at a particular administration indicates the same level ofa

PHYSICS TEST The top portion of the section of the answer sheet that you will use in taking the Physics test must be filled in exactly as shown in the illustration below. Note carefully that you have to do all of the following on your answer sheet. 1. Print PHYSICS on the line under the words "Subject Test (print)." 2.