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Modern HistoryTherefore to designateof Spiritism17this latter belief thewordweshall"Spiritism" has come to be used, whichemploy hereafter, meaning by it the idea of somepeople, that the living can and do communicatewith the spirits of the departed, and also includingthe various practices resorted to in that intercourse.IIwhich is also necromancy or the evocation of the dead, was a feature of that Gnosticismwhich assailed the Christian Church in the Apostolic era, and against which Paul, by the HolySpiritism,Spirit,inveighs particularly in his epistle to theColossians.Andwasformed athis, in turn, indicates that itnot a new thing even then, but thatitpart of the earlier pagan religions.Allusions toithave been foundinHomer, Strabopractice to the early Persians,ascribesTheodoretfindsitsitChaldea and Babylonia, and readers of the OldTestament recall Moses speaking of it as amongintheabominationsoftheXVIII) of which we speakCanaanites(Deut.in a later chapter.TheDelphic oracles (more than 600 B. C.)are claimed by Spiritists and we believe with goodand the same may be said of the lives ofseers and clairvoyants and the facts of witchcraftin all ages."Never would that oracle at Delphihave been so celebrated nor stored with so manygifts from all kinds of peoples and kings, unlessreason,

Spiritism and the Fallen Angels18every age had experienced the truth ofances" (Cicero,DeDivinatione 19).come to the Christian period,ToChurchfathersassumeevil spirits in theshowingthemselvesTheChurchbythepagan oracles andrites,curesanddivinations,records of theRomanCatholicphenomena which bear a closepresent-day Spiritism. During theReformation Luther publishedwhomearlyalso speak ofresemblance to"Thetheunquestionableasagency ofdreams.its utter-a treatise againstCelestial Prophets", so-called, ofGermany,he charged with exercising the imitativepowers of Satan.There were occurrencesascribed to SpiritismWesley family(1716), and it is commonlymuchin theSwedenborg's allegedfull and open communication with the spirit world.In America, David Brainerd, in his work amongthe Indians, declared that one of his greatest diffi-believed to explaininwas the conviction they held that their diviners had supernatural power, a conviction hecultieshimself shared.In 1843, tne Shakers at New Lebanon, N. Y.,became the subjects of strange experiences, and influences purporting to be spiritswho hadlived inworld in different ages, took possession of theirbodies and spoke through their vocal organs.theinWhatisknownasthe"spirit-rapping"phe-

Modern Historyof Spiritism19nomenon began in March, 1848, in the family ofJohn D. Fox in Hydeville, N. Y., whose daughtersa few years afterwards began to give public heseyoung women became the subject of extensivenewspaper discussion with the result that "mediums", through whom they were said to occur,were multiplied in different parts of the countryby hundreds and thousands.The seances of the Fox girls before the CivilWar were attended by some of the most prominentmen of the country, and when they visited Europethey had the nobility and royalty for their audiSocieties were organized, and disciples andtors.imitators came forward in great numbers.IVThis brings us to theepoch in Spiritism, when such men as Sir William Crookes, theEnglish chemist and physicist, who died recently,becamescientificactively interested init.London Quarterly Journal of January,1874, he classified the phenomena under some tenIn theor a dozen heads, and also conducted exhibitionshisownhouse, mostly in the light,whenit isthat the existence of an unexplained forceaccurately tested byparatus.means of an ingeniousinsaidwasap-

Spiritism and the Fallen Angels20In other words, with Sir William Crookes'in-began to be felt that the phenomenaof Spiritism were not all fraud, and while thescientists were unable to explain the source ofvestigationsitsome of them, their ignorance in the premiseswent so far to confirm the teaching of the Biblethat the source was to be found in the super-humanSirrealm.Williamtestifiedthat "itwasacommonthing for seven or eight of us in the laboratory toMiss Cook (the medium) and 'Katie' (thespirit) at the same time under the full blaze of theseeOnelectric light."showedtheone occasion, the electricianto the satisfaction of the spectators thatmedium wasinside the cabinet while the sup-posed spirit form was visible and moving outside.Quoting Nelson's Encyclopaedia, it was the organization of the Society of Psychical Research(England,recent1882; America,interestinthe1888)doctrine.that revivedItswork hastended to put limits to the claims which have beenmade for communication with the discarnate,though it has at the same time strengthened theby giving it better scientific credentials.Reports on the remarkable case of Mrs. Piperwere published in five different volumes of theProceedings of this Society, and it is said that theyoffer the best mass of scientific evidence extant insupport of possible spirit communication.It was the evidence derived from this woman'sbelief init

Modern History ofcasewhen21Spiritismshe crossed the Atlantic in 1889, thatconvinced Sir Oliver Lodge that deceasedfinallymessages through her organism informing him both of known and unrelatives spoke or sentknownsubsequentlyfactswords, to quote him exactly,Inverified.itotherconvinced him "thatand organism of a living person mightbe utilized by deceased personalities whose ownbodies had ceased to work."the brainToavoid an erroneous supposition in the lightof some things whichwe have alreadysaid, let itbe stated clearly at this point that the Bibleagainst the conclusion of Sir Oliver.weisIt reveals, asshall subsequently discover, the possibility ofmaterializations, but not the actual talking withthe dead.Bymaterialization in this casethe assumption of a materialevil angelsor demonswhowe meanand bodily form bywickedly personate thedead and deceive the living, but nothing more.The proof of this will follow, but to avoid any possible misunderstanding at the outset, the fact itselfisTheisthere stated.current revival of Spiritism, or "the Spirit-intrusion",recent war, andas Lifecalledit,from theand earnestdateswas predicted by closestudents of the Bible.It is "due to the bereavements of the war and to the longing of broken

Spiritism and the Fallen Angels22hearts to find out something concerning the destiny of thosewho have beentaken from them.'*Instead of turning "to the law and to themony"testi-have"that peep and that mutter"as the inspired prophet exhorts, theytaken up with spirits(Isaiah VIII. 19, 20)."There is hardly a home in England," we aretold, "from which some boy has not gone foreverduring these last two years. Can they be reached?Can one have communion with them? Can theybreak through the wall between their world andours?"Then, one by one, such men as Sir OliverLodge and Sir A. Conan Doyle published bookssaying, 'We have had communications from ourboys, and have spoken with them and with theircomrades who perished on the field of battle.'"Thousands of parents responded, 'If they, whyAndnot we?'the result has been an almost over-whelming rushtomediums, and longnow advertised in theThe Christian Work).ances aretorial inlistspapers."of se-(Edi-In our opinion the campaign of the powers ofdarkness gaineditsheadway up until thatfrom Mons to Ypres.greatestdate during the fightingReaders willrecallperiod published atpaper, and entitled,howafantasticstoryof thatLondon evening"The Bowman", which purfirstinaGeorge and the old Agincourt bowmen appeared during the retreat fromported totellSt.

Modern HistoryMons and23of Spiritismfought with the British against the foe.The authorfrankly declareditwas purefiction,but so heated was the British imagination at thetime and so psychologically ready for the recep-was not believed bytion of the occult, that hemany whoseriously entertained the opinion thatangels appeared to the soldiers.Nor werethese inallcases theintellectuallysome instances intelligent and educated men and women, including a Christian scholarwhom we personally know, and who is honoredweak, butinthroughout Christendom.Indeed an eminentclergyman of London is reported to have said thatsuch a case of spiritual intervention was "eminently creditable. Joan of Arc saved her countryowing to the vision of an angel, and why shouldnot the phenomenon be repeated in this case?"Immediately people began to hold intercoursewith their beloved dead, as was supposed. TheChristian scholar, in a private letter to the writer,"Mysaid:wife saw her boyItisthesame with many.the convincing ofthing,ismanybodyknow.in his spiritualWepermitted to come once to comfort her.This warisgiven forthat the future lifeand that God Himself speakstoisa realman. Thisthe one consolation that remains out of thishideous and horrible time oftrial.permitted to talk to her boy.Heradiant than inlife,Mywife waswas even morebut otherwise the same.told her of his deathand the manner ofit.HeWe

Spiritism and the Fallen Angels24Somelearned after a month that this was true.dream. I know it was a visiongranted to soothe her sorrow and her longing.This has nothing to do with magic. The spiritualeye saw the spiritual body."peoplecall it aVIwould not be the part of wisdom for thewriter to delay warning the unwary until our conItsideration of this subject approachedsion.Henceapauseismade hereitsconclu-to say that theexperiences above recorded are very different fromthose of Bible saints.Leta brief reference bewords (VIII. 19-22).madeHeagain to Isaiah'ssees Israel in the lat-ter days in great distress, doubtless faranythingknownin the latewar.Theybeyondare "hardlybestead and hungry", "behold trouble, darkness,dimness of anguish".Theyareseekinguuntothem that have familiar spirits and unto wizardsthat peep and that mutter", and he rebukes them,saying,On"Should nota people seek unto theirGod?behalf of the living should they seek unto thedead?Tolaw and to the testimony; if theyspeak not according to this word, it is because thereis no light in them."In other words, are not the Word and the Spiritof God the source, and the sufficient source, of theChristian's comfort in this age?Does he needthe

Modern History25of Spiritismsuch visions to convince him of the futureand that God speakstomen?Therichlifemaninour Lord's story in Luke 16 thought well of thatkind of evidence, but"fatherwe remember howAbraham" thoughtitwouldfruitlessIf suchbe.things are the only, or the strongest, consolationremaining for God's peopleinsuch a time oftrial,what of the millions of them to whom they do notcome?Let the Christian ever keep in mind that thereare such beings as evil spirits, oflearn considerable bysiderinwhom weand by, andletshallhim con-further that fundamentally only these areevidence in thismodern outbreak ofSpirit-ism.In proof of thisitmaybe mentioned thatthe accounts of the angels atMonsin allwhich camewas Jesus Christ so muchas named.St. George was named, and Joan ofArc, and Socrates, and Swedenborg, and the VirginMary. God was referred to a few times, but ourLord and Saviour Jesus Christ never. Even theprivate correspondence mentioned above, and froma Christian source, alludes to Him but once, andthen indirectly, and by His human and familyname, Jesus."What place do you give to Christ in Spiritualism?" was asked of a votary by a London editor."Is He to you the Son of God, and do you worto our attention, not onceshipHimas such?"

26Spiritism and the Fallen Angels"Oh, no," came the reply. "He is to us simplythe Master Medium."In the words of the editor, (The Life of Faith,London), "that confession is fatal. No creed, nocult, no religion that dethrones our Lord andplaces Him on a level with men and mediums hasany right to claim a Christian connection. Andmen and women who profess to be followers ofChrist are putting Him to open shame when theyjoin hands with those who would, if they could,rob Him of His deity and His matchless glory."

IllSATAN—ORSPIRITISMATthe source ofSATANthe only placethe BibleITSSOURCEand sincewhich we canSpiritism,isisinlearn anything reliable about him,openitswe nowpages for that purpose.As weare writing for Christians chiefly,itisassumed that the Bible is the revelation of Godand not only credible as to its statements of factbut an inspired record of them. The evidence ofthis is convincing and never more so than in thetwentieth century, as could easily be demonstratedifcircumstances permitted or requiredEventhe casual reader of the Bible will recallwhen Satan appears onthe outstanding occasionsitsofit.First, as thescenes."serpent" in the GardenEden tempting and overcoming ourNewfirstparents,Testament the serpent isidentified with the devil and Satan (Rev. XII. 9;XX. 2). Next, in the history of Job (chaptersthen, later, in vision, in the Old TestaI and II)for twiceinthe;27

"Spiritism and the Fallen Angels28ment as the accuser of Israel after their returnfrom Babylon (Zech. III).In the New Testament he first comes before usas Christ's tempter in the wilderness (Matthew IVand its parallels) he entered into Judas to betray Christ (John XIII. 27), and into Ananiasand Sapphira to lie to the Holy Ghost (Acts V. 3).;Hehindered PaulII.18)seeking;heiswhomin hissaid tohemissionarywalk aboutmay devourwork(I Thess.as a roaring lionandpower to(I Pet. V. 8),end of this age he will give histhe Lawless one to deceive, if possible, the veryin the(Matthew XXIV. 24;electRev. XIII.1,Satan has2 Thess.II.8-10);2).many namesScripture,ineach ofwhich reveals some feature of his character."Satan" itself means the Adversary; "devil,(slanderer)"Apollyon," (destroyer)"Beelzebub," (prince of the demons) "Belial," (low, ab"the wicked one"; "the god of this world";ject)"the prince of darkness"; "the dragon," "tormentor," "accuser," "deceiver," "liar," "murderer," "he that hath the power of death."Thissufficiently reveals the kind of being he is and furnishes a reason why we should beware of him.;;;;IIAsto the origin of Satan, thosewhoclass thecherubim as angels, think he was one of them, and

Spiritism atitsSource29anointed probably for a position of great authorThis authority may have been over primitiveity.heaven and earth as at first created,and before the earth became without form andvoid (Gen. I. i).He fell through pride (Isa. XIV. 12-14).Some think he was then cast out of heaven according to Christ's words in Luke X. 18, on which supposition, he then made the earth and the air thescene of his activity (Eph. II. 2; I. Pet. V. 8).scriptural basis for this conjecture is in Ezekcreation,i.e.,AielTheXXVIII. n-15.chapterisa rebuke ofnamedthe King of Tyre, but at the versesthe lan-guage goes beyond him to Satan describedin hisunfallen state.Ifthisteachesinterpretationmuch aboutiscorrect,Satan, whichDr. R. A. Torrey in"Whatisthechaptersummed up bythe Bible Teaches,"thus:1.2.He was the sum of created perfection, v. 12.He was in the garden of God, v. 13. Thismean the Eden of Adam, but an earlierThe Eden of Adam was remarkable fordoes notone.itsvegetable glory, but this forCf. Revelation3.mineral glory.10-21.Hev. 14.inXXI.itsthewas the anointed cherub that covereth,First, he was a "cherub", the highest rankangelic world.Second,"theanointed"one who was set apart for a formalwork. Third, the anointed cherub that "covereth."cherub,i.e.,

Spiritism and the Fallen Angels30The meaningof thiswordisnot given, thoughitExodus XXXVII. 9.He was upon the holy mountain of God,which may mean the place where God mani-suggests4.v. 14,fested His personal glory.Hewalked up and down in the midst of thestones of fire, v. 14. This suggests Exodus XXIV.10, 17, R.V., and Ezekiel I. 15, 22, 25, 26, R.V.In the former the seventy elders saw the Lord ofIsrael, and "there was under His feet as it were apaved walk of sapphire stone", and "the appearance of the glory of the Lord was like devouringThis may afford anfire on the top of the mount."idea of what the "stones of fire" were, and indicate how near Satan may have been to God.His heart was lifted up because of his6.5.beauty, v. 17.He7.wasCf.ITimothycast out of theIII.6 R.V.mountain of God,and destroyed from the midst of the stones offire,v.8.16.Heshall be cast to the eartha spectacle, vv. 17, 18.11. 8;and be madeCf. with 2 ThessaloniansRevelation XII. 9, 10, andXIX.20.inTogo alittlefurther into the nature and char-acter of Satan:(1)Heisaperson,i.e.,he possesses self-con-sciousness and free-will, because the facts stated in

.Spiritism atitsSource31the preceding paragraphs could not be predictedof an influence or a principle ofevil.He has great dignity, since he is styled(2)the "prince," "the god of this world," and "princeof the power of the air," andit issaid that Michaelthe Archangel "durst not bring againsting judgment," (John XII.II. 2;Jude8, 9,3152 Cor.hima rail-IV. 4; Eph.R.V.).He has great pozvcr, since he is able to(3)control the forces of nature, human property anddemons, the world-rulers of darkness, andthe whole world of men out of Christ, (Job I.10-12; Luke XL 14-1S; I John V. 19 R.V. ActsXXVI. 18; Eph. VI. 11, 12).He has great cunning and deceit, since he(4)transforms himself into an angel of light, useswiles and devices, signs and lying wonders (Matthew XXIV. 24; 2 Cor. II. 11; 2 Cor. XL 14;Eph. VI. 11, 12 R.V.; 2 Thess. II. 9, R.V.)life,;He(5)evil one,has great malignity, being called thea liar, a murderer,the beginningHehe willfleea sinnerfrom(Matthew V. 37; Luke VIII. 12;John VIII. 44;(6)and2 Cor. IV. 4; Ihas great fear, forJohnifIII. 8).weresisthimfrom us (James IV. 7)IVAsisto Satan's present locationandhiswork, hereferred to as being in the heavenly places, and

:;Spiritism and the Fallen Angels32also asgoing to and froin the earth.Asin theage to come, Christ and His Church, though abiding in the heavenly pla

CONTENTS I.TheNewAttackofSpiritual- ismandHowtoMeetIt. 9 II.TheModernHistoryofSpirit- ism 16 III.Satan,OrSpiritismatIts Source. 27 IV.AngelsandDemons,OrSpirit- ism'sPersonnel 39 V.SpiritismBeforetheFlood., 46 VI."SonsofGod"Marryingthe "DaughtersofMen". 57 VII.AbominationsoftheCanaan-