Transcription
A Simplified Guide To ForensicAudio and Video Analysis
ioandvideorecordingscanprovideareal- arkinglots,bankmachines,onpolice- rge- rgesareexpected.Formostcrimes,however,high- ctureofwhatoccurred,ormakeanaudiorecordingmore
orsbetterconducttheirduties.Principles of Forensic Audio and Video oreclearlyonplayback.
xaminingan18½- helow- ��CrackingWatergate’sInfamous181/2MinuteGap”,F ORENSICM cmag.com/article/cracking- ‐watergates- ‐infamous- ‐18- ‐12- ‐minute- ‐gap(accessedSeptember4,2012)
Identifyingpeopleorobjectsonarecording- incriminalcases.Why and when is audio-video evidence used?Inthemovie,T HEF - ‐- - jectfleeinafour- yingtheperpetratorintheabductionandkillingof11- ‐year- ledawaybyamiddle- hisforearms,andeventhenametagonhisuniform.
pearanceoftheperpetratororwhattheywerewearing.How It’s riot2011.vpd.ca/identify- ‐a- ‐suspect)
Digitalvideoandaudio- ‐Welloverhalfofallclosed- igitalandfile- s:embeddedstand- ‐aloneandPC- lectronic- ‐evidence/DCCTV Web .doc.pdfAnalogvideoandaudio- rdingintime- (ASCLD/LAB)(http://www.ascld- i- ionsmaybeconductedbythesameperson.Inlarge
xpertafteryearsofexperience.Agenciesmayhaveanin- ‐housetrainingprogramthatincludesvendor- landMultimediaEvidence?docID sts.CourtesyofTarget ent.
VideoEnhancementTechniques- pening- anddistinct.Videostabilization- hesmoothestpossibleplayback.Masking- tness,victimorlawenforcementofficer.Interlacing- - othfieldsofvideo.Demultiplexing- oEnhancementTechniques- n- essnoticeable.Compression- terialisreduced,makingsoftsoundsmoreapparent.
ooraudioevidence.Low- mitationsoftheanalysis?
rd(http://www.ascld- ‐lab.org/)andANSI- cld- ls: evisible
atwouldbeimportanttothenon- rdings.Common denceGlossary?docID 60)isalsoavailableonline.ArchiveCopy- ‐Acopyofdataplacedonmediasuitableforlong- beproduced.Artifact- apture- quenceoraudiostream.Compression- �.)De- ‐interlacing- s.Field- ame- sandoneofevenlines,displayedinsequence.
Forprogressivescan(non- hatthebottomright.ImageAnalysis- ‐Asub- imageitselfinlegalmatters.ImageComparison- ificationorelimination.ImageContentAnalysis- on);and/ortheprovenanceoftheimage.Interlacedscan- ingeachother,henceinterlace[3].Interpolation- ormation.[TakenfromtheE NCYCLOPEDIAO FP HOTOGRAPHY3 RDE DITION age[4].Multiplexer/Demultiplexer- essimultaneouslyorinsuccession.Nominalresolution- imensionoftheareaphotographed.[3]Damjanovski,V.C CTVN ETWORKINGA NDD IGITALT ECHNOLOGY ,Butterworth- ‐Heinemann:Waltham,MA,2000.[4]Zakia,R.D.T HEF OCALE NCYCLOPEDIAO FP HOTOGRAPHY ,3 RDE D .,FocalPress;Butterworth- ‐Heinemann:Waltham,MA,1993.
Sharpening- ording- ndardrateofframespersecond(NTSC- ‐29.97;PAL- redbythestoragemedium.Videostabilization- thevideoisplayed.Workcopy- forsubsequentprocessingand/oranalysis.Resources & cld- m?pageid 1)ReferencesB ESTP RACTICESFORT HEA CQUISITIONO FD IGITALM ULTIMEDIAE VIDENCE,V ERSION3.0(April14,2010),LEVA.CohenN,MacLennan- /cctv- ‐publications/66- ‐
08 Retrieval of Video Ev12835.pdf?view - e/cracking- ‐watergates- ‐infamous- ‐18- ‐12- ‐minute- ‐gap),PhilipT.Mellinger,2/18/11,F ORENSICM AGAZINE,(accessed7/19/12).C RIMEL ABORATORYE VIDENCES UBMISSIONM iley,Commissioner,2009.G UIDELINESFORT HEB ESTP RACTICEINT HEF ORENSICA NALYSISO FV IDEOE video(http://articles.cnn.com/2004- ‐02- ‐05/us/missing.girl 1 susan- ‐schorpen- ‐carlie- ‐brucia- ‐carwash- ‐parking- ‐lot? s ndex.php?option com content&view article&id 66&Itemid ocID wg.gov/subgroups/isf/electronic- ‐evidence/DCCTV Web ceDepartment
Forensic Evidence Admissibility and ibility.TheFryeStandard- perimentaltestimonydeducedfromawell- n1975,morethanahalf- 13(1923)
a. idenceortodetermineafactinissue;b. thetestimonyisbasedonsufficientfactsordata;c. hods;andd. e’s"generalacceptance"test.TheDaubertStandard- permitted,thejudgeshouldconsider: kyevidencecouldbehandledthroughvigorouscross- standard.[2]The“DaubertTrilogy”ofcasesis:D AUBERTV .M ERRELLD OWP HARMACEUTICALS ,G ENERALE LECTRICC O .V .J OINERandK UMHOT IREC O .V .C ARMICHAEL .
ceortestinginaneasy- ‐to- tincludein- butdoesn’tnecessarilyneedtobetheonew
heir’ duties.’ Princip
