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Common Shipping Terms and AbbreviationsContentsPageAbbreviationsCommon TermsComputer TerminologyInternational Code of SignalsCode Names of Charter PartiesIncoterms21034353638Abbreviation:- A shortened or contracted form of a word or phrase used in place of the wholeTerm:- Name, expression or word used for some particular thing, especially in a specialized field of knowledgeCopyright School of Shipping 2002Page 1
Common Shipping Terms and AbbreviationsAbbreviationsA&CP:- Anchors and Chains Provedaa:- Always AfloatAar:- Against all risksAB:- Able-bodied seamanABS:- American Bureau of shippingAbt:- About (also abt.)A/C:- AccountAdd:- AddressedAddtl:- AdditionalA.D.I.S:- Automated computer based DataInterchange SystemA dk:- Awning deck (Lloyd’s Register)Adv:- AdviceAdval:- Ad valorem. (According to value)A/F:- Advanced freightA/F:- Also for (referring to port or ports to betouched by the ship)A.F.R.A:- Average Freight Rate AssessmentAFT:- After end of shipA.G.B:- Any good brandAgt:- Agent; AgainstA.H:- After hatch (chartering)AHD:- Ahead (shipping)AH RANGE:- Ports within the Antwerp-HamburgrangeA.I.C.S:- Associate of the Institute of CharteredShipbrokersA.I.F.T.A:- Associate Institute Freight TradesAssociation; Anglo-Irish Free Trade AreaAMT:- AmountAN:- Arrival NoticeANF:- Arrival Notification Form Advice toConsignee of goods coming forwardANS:- AnswerA/o:- Account of (also AO.)AOB:- As on BoardAP:- Additional premium/Average payableAPPRO:- ApprovalAPPROX:- ApproximatelyAR:- Arrived (shipping news)A/R:- All risks (also A.R.) Regards to Insurance;Against all risks (also a.a.r) Marine InsuranceAS:- After sight/Account sales/AlongsideASABOSA:- Association of Ships Agents andBrokers of South AfricaA.S.A.P:- As soon as possibleA/Side:- Alongside (also A/S)A.T.A:- Actual Time of ArrivalATS:- All time savedCopyright School of Shipping 2002A.T.S.D.O:- All Time Saved Discharging Only(chartering) also a.t.s.d.o.A.T.S.L.O:- All Time Saved Loading Only(chartering) also a.t.s.l.o.AV:- Available ContainerA.W.T.S.B.E:- All Working Time Saved Both Ends(also a.w.t.s.b.e) charteringA.W.T.S.D.O:- All Working Time SavedDischarging Only (chartering) also a.w.t.s.d.o.A.W.T.S.L.O:- All Working Time Saved LoadingOnly (chartering) also a.w.t.s.l.o.B:- Breadth; Beam – naval architecture; Bale alsoB/-; Bag also B/- or Bg; Position of centre ofbuoyancy – naval architecture; Bridge – Lloyd’sregister; Bale capacity – in cubic metres – Lloyd’sregisterBAF:- Bunker Adjustment Factor - Freightadjustment factor to reflect current cost ofbunkers.BAL:- Balance – also bal.BBB:- Before Breaking Bulk, i.e. before openinghatches to dischargeBC:- Buyers OptionBCV:- Barge carrying vesselBD:- Bank Draft, Bar Draft (grain trade)Bdi:- Both Dates InclusiveBdls:- BundlesB/E:- Bill of Entry CustomsBf:- Brought forwardBFC:- Baltimore Form Charter Party - used forGrain cargoesBHP:- Brake Horse PowerBIFA:- British International Freight Association offreight forwardersBIMCO:- Baltic and International MaritimeCouncil. A Danish based organisation to whichmany shipowners belong that represents theirinterests and assists by preparing standardcharter parties and other shipping documents andproviding other advisory services.bkg:- BankingB/L:- Bill of LadingBN:- Booking NoteB.O:- Brought overB/P:- Bills payableB.P.B:- Bank Post BillBS:- Bill of Sale/Bill of StoreBSC:- British Shippers CouncilPage 2
Common Shipping Terms and AbbreviationsBSI:- British Standards Institution - Theauthorised body for the preparation of nationalstandards in the U.K. Blank Endorsement.BSR:- Basic service rate – sea freight element ofthe tariffBSt:- Bill of Sightbt.:- Berth Termsbt:- Billion tonsbtd:- Barrels per dayBV:- Bureau Veritas – French ship classificationsocietybxs:- BoxesC&D:- Collection and Delivery. Carriage from/toCustomer's premises to/from CFS.C&E:- Customs and ExciseC&E.T:- Customs and Excise TariffC&F:- Cost and Freight. A conventional port-toport Incoterm term of sale. Morecorrectlyknown as CFR.C&I:- Cost and InsuranceCA:- CabotageCABAF:- Currency and Bunker AdjustmentFactor. A combination of CAF and BAF.CAC:- Controlled Atmosphere Carriers /ContainersC.A.D:- Cash Against DocumentsCAF:- Container Availability Forecast. AlsoCurrency Adjustment Factor, Freight adjustmentFactor, to reflect currency exchange fluctuations.C.A.N:- Customs Assigned Numbercancl:- Cancelled; canceling - charteringcap:- CapacityCAP:- Eu. Common Agricultural Policy. EC Policyrelating to agricultural produce.CAPT:- CaptainCB:- Container base. Container freight stations.C.B.D:- Cash Before DeliveryC.C.C:- Customs Co-operation Council. The forumfor international co-operation between Customsauthorities in an attempt to provide harmony anduniformity of approach.C.C.E:- Collector of Customs and ExciseC.C.T:- Common Customs TariffCCM:- Central Container ManagementCCO:- Container Cartage orderCCU:- Clip-on UnitC.Dk:- Containers carried on Deck – Lloyd’sregisterCEAC:- Chief Executive's Advisory CommitteeCert:- CertificateCF:- Carried forwardCFB:- Citrus Fruit BoardCopyright School of Shipping 2002CFR:- Cost and Freight. A conventional / port-toport only incoterm term of sale. Popularly referredto as C&F.CFS:- Container Freight Station. Place for packingand unpacking LCL consignments. Variouslyknown as C/BsCFSP:- Customs Freight Simplified Procedures. Apaperless simplified clearance procedure currentlyundergoing trials with selected parties.C.G.A:- Cargo's proportion of General AverageC.G.S.A:- Carriage of Goods by Sea Act – alsoC.O.G.S.A.Ch:- ChiefC.H:- Custom HouseCHIEF:- Customs Handling of Import and ExportFreight. Customs computer system to handleclearance procedures.CHOPT:- Charterer's Option.CHQ:- ChequeC/I:- Certificate of insuranceCIF:- Cost, Insurance and Freight. A conventionalport-to-port only, Incoterm term of sale.CIFC&I:- Cost, insurance, freight, commissionand interestCIP:- Carriage and Insurance paid To a newCombined Transport Incoterm replacing CIFwhere CT is involved but applicable to all modesof transport. Particularly appropriate for CombinedTransportCIR:- Container Inspection ReportC.K.D:- Completely Knocked Down; Cars KnockedDownCMI:- Comite Maritime International. Aninternational committee of maritime lawyers.Cmpl:- Completed – Lloyd’s registerCN:- Credit note, Consignment note, Coverc/o:- Care of; Carried overCO:- Container Operator/Certificate of originc.o.a:- Cash on ArrivalC.O.A:- Contract of AffreightmentCOB:- Close of BusinessCOD:- Change of DestinationColl:- Collision – Lloyd’s registerCom:- CommissionConsgt:- ConsignmentC.O.P:- Counter Opposition Policy. Custom of theport.c.o.p:- Cash on Presentation of documentsCOT:- Customer's Own Transport Customercollects from / delivers to CFS/CYCOTIF:- Eu. Convention Concerning Internationalcarriage by RailPage 3
Common Shipping Terms and AbbreviationsCOU:- Clip on Unit. Portable refrigeration units.Or Central Operating Unit Body set up to coordinate consortium operations in a trade.C/P:- Charter Party; Custom of Port – also C.O.P– Grain TradeCPD:- Central Planning Department - Ro/Rovessels. Charter Party Does.CPT:- Carriage Paid to A new CombinedTransport incoterm replacing CFR where CT isinvolved but applicable to all modes of transportparticularly appropriate for Combined TransportCQD:- Customary Quick DespatchC.R.D:- Discharging at Current Rate - charteringCRN:- U.K. Customs Registered Number Anumber allocated by C&E to an exporter or agent(Freight Forwarder) for use when exports are tobe entered under the SCPcs:- Cargo segregation – Lloyd’s registerCSC:- Container Safety Convention. Internationalconvention for safe containers.CSD:- Container Systems Department.CT:- Combined Transport Carriage by more thanone mode of transport against one contract ofcarriage.CTBC:- Coastal Transit Bill Container.CTBEC:- Coastal Transit Bill C.T.L. EmptyContainer.CTD:- Combined Transport Document. The CTO'sBill of Lading.CTL:- Constructive total loss.CTLO:- Constructive total, loss only.CTO:- Combined Transport Operator. A Carrierwho contracts as a principal to perform a CToperation. Container Terminal OrderCTS:- Container Throughput SummaryCu.Ft.:- Cubic FeetCWE:- Cleared Without Examination Cleared byCustoms without inspection.CY:- Container Yard Collection and Distributionpoint for loaded FCL and empty containers.D:- Door.DAA:- Discharge always afloatD.A.D:- Documents Against Discretion ofcollecting bankDAF:- Delivery at Frontier. An incoterm term ofsale applicable to all modes of transport.DAN:- Deferment Approval Number. An accountheld by a trader with HMC & E to which duty &VAT are debited direct.DAT:- Delivery Air temperatureDBB:- Deals, boards and battensd.b.e:- Dispatch Payable Both Ends – charteringD.B.E.A.T.S:- Dispatch payable both ends on alltime savedCopyright School of Shipping 2002D.B.E.W.T.S:- Dispatch payable both ends onworking time savedDbk:- Drawback - customsD.C:- Deviation Clause. Detention Clause (alsoD.Cl). Direct current (also d.c). DirectContinuation - refers to the extension of a TimeCharter contractDD:- Dry dock.D.D:- Damage Doned.d:- Due dateD/D:- Demand Draft; Delivered at Docksd.d.o:- Dispatch discharging onlyDDP:- Delivered Duty Paid. An incoterm of saleapplicable to all modes of transport.dd./s:- Delivered sound – Grain tradeDDU:- Delivered Duty Unpaid. An incoterm of saleapplicable to all modes of transport.Def:- Deferred – customsDEM-DES:- Demurrage and dispatchDEQ:- Delivered Ex Quay. A conventional port-toport incoterm term of sale. (Used to be EXQ)DES:- Delivered Ex Ship. A conventional port-toport incoterm of sale. Used to be EXS.Dest:- DestinationDETR:- Department of the EnvironmentTransport and the Regions.d.f:- Dead freight – D/fDFB:- Deciduous Fruit BoardDFT:- DraftDG:- Dangerous Goods.DHDATSBE:- Demurrage half despatch on alltime saved both endsDHDWTSBE:- Demurrage half despatch onworking time saved both endsDisch:- DischargeDischg:- Dischargingd.l.o:- Dispatch loading after - charteringDO:- Delivery OrderDOP:- Dropping Outbound PilotDOT:- Department of Transportd.p:- Direct port - charteringDR:- Debit, Debtor, DrawerDRO:- Delivery Release OrderDST:- Double stack train with flatbeds capable ofcarrying containers two-high.DTI:- Department of Trade and IndustryGovernment Department with responsibility fortrade matters.DW:- DeadweightDWAT:- Deadweight Average TonnageDWC:- Deadweight capacityd.w.c.c:- Deadweight cargo capacity - charteringDWT:- Deadweight tonnageE&0E:- Errors and Omissions ExceptedPage 4
Common Shipping Terms and AbbreviationsEB:- Executive BoardE.C.C:- Exchange Control Copy – customs;Extended Cover Clause – marine insuranceECG:- Export Credits Guarantee Insurance ongoods shipped against non-payment by reason ofcommercial and / or political risks as arranged.ECP:- Electronic Commerce ProjectECSA:- European Community ShipownersAssociationECSI:- Export Cargo Shipping Instruction.Shipping Instructions from Shipper to Carrier.EDI:- Electronic Data Interchange. The transferof structured data from one computer system toanother.EDP:- Electronic Data Processing Computerprocessing of Data.EHA:- Equipment Handover Agreement.Agreement acknowledging condition signed whentaking over Carrier's equipment and returning it,which incorporates terms of contract under whichequipment is taken over.EIR:- Equipment Interchange ReceiptEPU:- Entry Processing Unit. Customs office thatprocesses Customs entriesEQPT:- EquipmentESC:- European National Shippers CouncilsEST:- EstimatedETA:- Estimated Time of Arrival.ETD:- Estimated Time of Departure.ETR:- Estimated Time of ReadinessExd:- Examined – Ex.Exn:- ExaminationEXW:- Ex Works. An incoterms term of saleapplicable to all modes of transportex whf:- Ex wharfF&D:- Freight and demurrageFA:- Free alongsideFAA:- Free of all averagef.a.c:- Fast as canf.a.c.c.o.p:- As fast as ship can load/dischargeaccording to custom of port - charteringF.Ahd:- Full ahead - shippingFAK:- Freight All Kinds. System whereby freight ischarged per container, irrespective of nature ofgoods, and not according to a Tariff.FAS:- Free Alongside Ship. A conventional / portto-port only incoterm term of sale.FAV:- Fresh Air ventilationfbd:- Freeboard – also Fbd.FBL:-Forwarders Bill of Lading for members ofthe FIATA.FCA:- Free Carrier (named place) A newCombined Transport incoterm replacing FOBwhere CT is involved, but applicable to all modesCopyright School of Shipping 2002of transport. Particularly appropriate for CombinedTransportFCL:- Full Container Load. Arrangement wherebyShipper utilises all the space in a container whichhe packs himselfFCS:- Freight Calculation SheetFD:- Free Discharge/Free Despatch/Free DeliveryFF:- Freight FreeFFA:- Free from alongsideFFI:- For Further Instructions. Used in Place ofDelivery box if final destination uncertain at timeof shipment, e.g. Barking Containerbase FFI.FI:- Freight InvoiceFIATA:- International Federation of ForwardingAgents Assoc. They have introduced a number of standarduniform documents and is recognised by the ICC and isavailable to member organisations of FIATA.FIB:- Free into barge/bunkersF.i.f.o:- First in first outFIO:- Free in and outFIOS:- Free In Out Stow. Shipper pays forloading, stowing and discharging.FIOST:- Free in, out, stowed and trimmedFIOT:- Free in/out and trimmedFMC:- Federal Maritime Commission. US FederalAuthority governing sea transport.FMS:- Freightmarine ShippingFOB:- Free On Board. A conventional / port-toport only incoterm term of saleFOC:- Free of change/free on carFOD:- Free of damageFOQ:- Free on quayFOR:- Free on railFOS:- Free on shipFOT:- Free on truckFOW:- First open water/free on wagonFP:- Flash Point/Floating PolicyFPA:- Free of Particular AverageFPD:- Freight Payable at DestinationFPT:- Fore Peak TankFR:- Flatrack ContainerF/R:- Freight ReleaseFRT:- FreightFrt.fwd:- Freight forwardFrt.ppd:- Freight pre paidFSC:- For Ship's ConvenienceFT:- Free turn; or full terms; or freight tonF.W:- Fresh WaterFTW:- Free Trade Wharf 20 FT Fruit - port holetype (insulated)/reefer port hole type(insulated)/I.R. (integral reefer) insulated reefermachinery.FWD:- Forward. Fresh water damageGA:- General AverageGA con:- General Average ContributionPage 5
Common Shipping Terms and AbbreviationsG/A dep:- General Average deposit (also G.A.Dep.)GATT :-Abbreviation for "General Agreement onTariffs and Trade." A multilateral treaty to helpreduce trade barriers between the signatorycountries and to promote trade through tariffconcessions. The World Trade Organization(WTO) superseded GATT in 1994.G.B.O:- Goods in bad orderGM:- Goods Consignment NoteGO:- General Order. Issued by Customs as noticeof intention to seize goods.GP:- General PurposeG.P:- General Purpose containerGR:- Grain, GrossGRI:- General rate increaseGRT:- Gross Registered Tonnage (also g.r.t)G.T:- Gross Tonnageguar:- GuaranteedHBL:- House Bill of ladingHbr:- HarbourHC:- High Cube. Containers 9 ft 6 ins high insteadof usual 8 ft 6 ins.HFO:- Heavy Fuel Oil of the highest viscositysupplied by a refineryHH:- Half Height. An OT container only 4 ft 3 inshigh.HL:- Half Length. Heavy LiftHNS:- Hazardous & Noxious Substances. Aninternational convention which was agreed at adiplomatic conference in 1996HO:- Head officeHSS:- Heavy Grain, Soya’s, SorghumHt:- HeightH.W:- High WaterH.W.M:- High water markI.A.C.S:- International Association ofClassification SocietiesI.A.I.N:- International Association of Institutes ofNavigationI.A.L.A:- International Association of LighthouseAuthoritiesI.Arb:- Institute of ArbitratorsI.A.T.A:- International Air Transport AssociationIB:- In bondIBAP:- Intervention Board for AgriculturalProduce. Authority monitoring application of CAPI.B.C:- Intermediate bulk carrierI.C.&C:- Invoice cost and chargesI.C.B:- International Container Bureau – alsoB.I.C.ICC:- International Chamber of Commerce. TheICC are responsible for the drawing up of manyCopyright School of Shipping 2002international trade laws in order to protect theinterests of both the seller and the buyer forexample the INCOTERMS 2000 and the UCP 500for documentary letters of credit.ICC:- Ins. Institute Cargo Clauses. The Instituteof London Underwriters standard clauses forcargo insurance.ICC:- U.S. Interstate Commerce Commission. TheU.S. governmental body to regulate interstatetrade.ICD:- Inland Container Depot. A CFS withCustoms Clearance Facilities.I.C.H.C.A:- International Cargo Handling CoOrdination AssociationI.C.O.T.A.S:- International Committee on theOrganisation of Traffic at SeaI.C.S:- International Chamber of Shipping;Institute of Chartered ShipbrokersI.D:- Import dutyIEF:- International Exchange FileI/F:- Insufficient fundsI.F.F:- Institute of Freight ForwardersIFO:- Intermediate Fuel Oil (grade of fuel ofviscosity between H.F.O. and M.D.O.)I.F.S.M.A:- International Federation of Ship’sMasters’ Association – also I.F.S.A.I.F.T.A:- Institute of Freight Trades AssociationI.L.A:- Institute of loss adjustersI.L.U:- Institute of London UnderwritersIMB:- ImbalanceIMDG Code:- International Maritime DangerousGoods Code. The IMO recommendations for thecarriage of dangerous goods by sea.IMO:- International Maritime Organisation. TheUN Body charged with the duty of making safetyand anti-pollution conventions andrecommendations concerning sea transport.IMS:- Information Management Systems(Computer)INS:- InsuranceINT:- InterestInv:- Invoice; InvestmentI/O:- In and/or over (stowage of cargo under oron deck)I.S.F:- International Shipping FederationISO:- International Standards Organisation.International Organisation of National StandardBodies responsible, inter alia, for settingstandards.ITS:- Long Term StorageIV:- Invoice Value/Increased ValueIWL:- Institute Warranty LimitsJ. & W.O:- Jettison and washing overboardJCL:- Joint Container LinePage 6
Common Shipping Terms and Abbreviationskn:- Knots – also k, knt, kts.Kt:- Thousand tonsL:- Levy, Liquid capacity, Lever enginesL/A:- Landing account; Lloyd’s Agent; Letter ofAuthorityLASH:- Lighter aboard shipLat:- LatitudeLAYCAN:-Laydays/Cancelling (date): Range ofdates within the hire contract must start.L.B.P:- Length between PerpendicularsL/C:- Letter of Credit. The document in which theterms of a Documentary Credit transaction are setout.L.C:- Logistic Centre/London clauseLCL:- Less than Container Load. A parcel ofgoods too small to fill a container which isgrouped by the Carrier at a CFS with othercompatible goods for the same destination.Ld:- LoadLdg:- Landing; Loading – also ldg.Ldg. & Dely:- Landing and DeliveryLds:- LoadsLEC:- Local Export Control. A system of clearingexport containers at Exporter's premises.LEFOS:- Lands End for OrdersLI:- Letter of Indemnity Sometimes used to allowConsignee to take delivery of goods withoutsurrendering B/L which has been delayed orbecome lost.LIC:- Local Import Control. A system of clearingimport containers at Importer's premises.L.I.F.O:- Liner in free outl.i.f.o:- Last in first outL.I.T:- Longitude in timeLkg & Bkg:- Leakage and BreakageLL:- Load List; Long LengthL.L:- Load LinesLLMC:- International Convention on Limitation ofLiability for Maritime Claims. A 1976 limitationconvention enacted in the UK by the MerchantShipping Act 1979.LNG:- Liquefied Natural GasL.O.A:- Length overallLOA – Letter of AuthorityLOF'95:- Lloyds Open Form 1995. A standardform of salvage agreement.LO-LO:- Lift-On/Lift-Off. A containership ontowhich and from which containers are lifted bycrane (as opposed to Ro-Ro).Long:- LongitudeLPC:- Last Port of callL.P.G:- Liquefied Petroleum GasLR:- Lloyds Register of ShippingCopyright School of Shipping 2002LTBENDS:- Liner Terms Both Ends – also l.t.bendsLWOST:- Low Water Ordinary Spring Tidelwt:- lightweightM&R:- Maintenance and RepairM:- Motor.MA:- Manifest AmendmentMARPOL:- Marine Pollution conventionMARSCC:- Marine Stowage Co-ordination CentreMCR:- Maximum Continuous RatingMDA:- Mean Draft ArrivalMDD:- Mean Draft DepartureMDO:- Marine Diesel Oilm.dwt:- million tons deadweigh
interests and assists by preparing standard charter parties and other shipping documents and providing other advisory services. bkg :- Banking B/L :- Bill of Lading BN :- Booking Note B.O :- Brought over B/P :- Bill
