Chapter 21 Upper Level ISEE Practice Test - Penguin Random House

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Chapter 21Upper Level ISEEPractice Test

Upper Level Practice TestBe sure each mark completely fills the answer space.SECTION E24ABCDE32ABCDE40ABCDESECTION ECTION E24ABCDE32ABCDE40ABCDESECTION 2930AB181920AAABCDE

VRSection 1Verbal Reasoning40 QuestionsTime: 20 MinutesThis section is divided into two parts that contain two different types of questions. As soon as you havecompleted Part One, answer the questions in Part Two. You may write in your test booklet. For each answeryou select, fill in the corresponding circle on your answer document.Part One – SynonymsEach question in Part One consists of a word in capital letters followed by four answer choices. Select theone word that is most nearly the same in meaning as the word in capital letters.SAMPLE QUESTION: Sample AnswerGENERIC: A B C D(A)(B)(C)(D)effortlessgeneralstrongthoughtfulGo on to the next page.552 Cracking the SSAT & ISEE

VRPart Two – Sentence CompletionEach question in Part Two is made up of a sentence with one or two blanks. One blank indicates that aword is missing. Two blanks indicate that two words are missing. Each sentence is followed by four answerchoices. Select the one word or pair of words that best completes the meaning of the sentence as a whole.SAMPLE QUESTIONS: Sample AnswerA B C DAlways ------, Edgar’s late arrival surprisedhis eAfter training for months, the runner felt ------that she would win the race, quite differentfrom her ------ attitude initially.(A)(B)(C)(D)Sample AnswerABCDconfident . . . excitedindifferent . . . concernsecure . . . apprehensiveworried . . . excitedSTOP. Do not go onuntil told to do so.Upper Level ISEE Practice Test 553

VRPart One – SynonymsDirections: Select the word that is most nearly the same in meaning as the word in capital letters.1. GRAVE:(A)(B)(C)(D)deadlyfinalopensolemn2. ise3. INARTICULATE:(A)(B)(C)(D)creativefriendlyoverly sensitivetongue-tied4. . THESIS:(A)(B)(C)(D)beliefpaperreportstudy6. DEBUNK:(A)(B)(C)(D)builddiscreditimpressjustify7. DISDAIN:(A)(B)(C)(D)annoycontemptfindhope8. . onedpredominant10. SATIATE:(A)(B)(C)(D)denyfillservestarveGo on to the next page.554 Cracking the SSAT & ISEE

VR11. CANDID:(A)(B)(C)(D)defiantdejectedfrankstingy12. EMULATE:(A)(B)(C)(D)brush offimitateperplexpermit13. TAINT:(A)(B)(C)(D)annoyhandleinfectmaster14. ENIGMA:(A)(B)(C)(D)effortmysterystruggletantrum15. cinjurious16. dening17. JUXTAPOSE:(A)(B)(C)(D)keep awayplace side by sideput behindquestion18. cal19. MITIGATE:(A)(B)(C)(D)bendeasehardenuntangle20. Go on to the next page.Upper Level ISEE Practice Test 555

VRPart Two – Sentence CompletionDirections: Select the word or word pair that best completes the sentence.21. Jane felt ------- about whether to go to theparty or not; on one hand it seemed likefun, but on the other, she was very d22. Like the more famous Susan B. Anthony,M. Carey Thomas ------- feminism andwomen’s rights.(A)(B)(C)(D)championeddefacedfoundgained23. Morality is not -------; cultures aroundthe world have different ideas about howpeople should be rsal24. Although Ms. Sanchez ------ the studentthat he needed a good grade on the finalexam, he did not study at all.(A)(B)(C)(D)25. Thomas Jefferson was a man of ------talents: he was known for his skills as awriter, a musician, an architect, and aninventor as well as a own26. Monica could remain ------- no longer;the injustices she witnessed moved her tospeak up.(A)(B)(C)(D)activefurioushelpfulreticent27. Louisa May Alcott’s Little Women isreally quite -------; much of the storyis based on her experiences as a youngwoman growing up in izedridiculedGo on to the next page.556 Cracking the SSAT & ISEE

VR28. Though his lectures could be monotonous, Mr. Cutler was actually quite------- when he spoke to students in small,informal groups.(A)(B)(C)(D)amiablepiousprosaicvapid29. Craig had ------- that the day would not gowell, and just as he’d thought, he had twopop quizzes.(A)(B)(C)(D)an antidotean interesta premonitiona report30. Far from shedding light on the mystery,Jason’s ------- reponse left people 1. Although Marie was a talented and------- performer, her gifts were often------- because she didn’t know how topromote herself.(A)(B)(C)(D)faithful . . . supportedinsulting . . . overlookedpromising . . . satisfiedversatile . . . ignored32. Although she was the daughter of awealthy slaveholder, Angelina Grimke------- slavery and ------- her whole life forthe cause of abolition.(A)(B)(C)(D)desired . . . picketeddetested . . . dedicatedhated . . . wastedrepresented . . . fought33. Rhubarb is actually quite -------, requiringa large amount of sugar to make it -------.(A)(B)(C)(D)bitter . . . palatableflavorful . . . fatteningnutritious . . . sickeningunpopular . . . sticky34. Because Martha was naturally -------, shewould see the bright side of any situation,but Jack had a ------- personality andalways waited for something bad tohappen.(A)(B)(C)(D)cheerful . . . upbeatfrightened . . . mawkishoptimistic . . . drearyrealistic . . . unreasonable35. Although Edgar was not telling the truth,his ------ succeeded: it ------- the crowdto demand that Edgar’s competitor berejected.(A)(B)(C)(D)antipathy . . . questionedcondone . . . encouragedfallacy . . . incitedlie . . . permittedGo on to the next page.Upper Level ISEE Practice Test 557

VR36. Even though the critics praised the author’s ------- use of words, they found thetext ------- at a mere 100 pages.(A)(B)(C)(D)hackneyed . . . threadbareimproper . . . laconicprecise . . . shortsure . . . banal37. Erica’s mother could not ------- why Ericawould study a subject as ------- as the culture of 13th century French winemakers.(A)(B)(C)(D)fathom . . . esotericintend . . . bizarrerespond . . . gruesomeunderstand . . . interesting38. The threat of the storm did not ------Ernie’s excitement for the race; he had no------- running in even the most unpleasant of weather.(A)(B)(C)(D)39. Always -------, Mr. Sanford refused tospend any money on anything unnecessary; to him, even a meal at a restaurantwas a ------- excess.(A)(B)(C)(D)parsimonious . . . gratuitouspenurious . . . usefulspendthrift . . . respectablestingy . . . selective40. To her -------, Margie was given the unfairlabel of -------, even though her love ofthe arts was far from superficial.(A)(B)(C)(D)chagrin . . . dilettantefrustration . . . adversaryirritation . . . performersurprise . . . mentordiminish . . . reservations aboutimprove . . . concerns aboutlessen . . . inclination to gounderstate . . . abilities forSTOP. If there is time,you may check yourwork in this section only.558 Cracking the SSAT & ISEE

QRSection 2Quantitative Reasoning37 QuestionsTime: 35 MinutesThis section is divided into two parts that contain two different types of questions. As soon as you havecompleted Part One, answer the questions in Part Two. You may write in your test booklet. For each answeryou select, remember to fill in the corresponding circle on your answer document.Any figures that accompany the questions in this section may be assumed to be drawn as accurately as possible EXCEPT when it is stated that a particular figure is not drawn to scale. Letters such as x, y, and n standfor real numbers.Part One – Word ProblemsEach question in Part One consists of a word problem followed by four answer choices. You may write inyour test booklet; however, you may be able to solve many of these problems in your head. Next, look at thefour answer choices given and select the best answer.EXAMPLE 1: Sample AnswerA B C DWhat is the value of the expression5 3 (10 – 2) 4?(A)(B)(C)(D)591116The correct answer is 11, so circle C is darkened.Go on to the next page.Upper Level ISEE Practice Test 559

QRPart Two – Quantitative ComparisonsAll questions in Part Two are quantitative comparisons between the quantities shown in Column A andColumn B. Using the information given in each question, compare the quantity in Column A to the quantityin Column B, and chose one of these four answer choices:(A)(B)(C)(D)The quantity in Column A is greater.The quantity in Column B is greater.The two quantities are equal.The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.EXAMPLE 2:Sample AnswerColumn AColumn BA B C D50% of 4020% of 100The quantity in Column A (20) is the same as thequantity in Column B (20), so circle C is darkened.y is any real non-zero numberEXAMPLE 3: SampleAnswerColumn AColumn BA B C D1yySince y can be any real number (including aninteger or a fraction), there is not enough information given to determine the relationship, so circleD is darkened.STOP. Do not go onuntil told to do so.560 Cracking the SSAT & ISEE

QRPart One – Word ProblemsDirections: Choose the best answer from the four choices given.1. Which of the following is greatest?(A)(B)(C)(D)0.01000.00990.19000.01992. Which of the following is NOT the product of two prime numbers?(A)(B)(C)(D)333545913. If x, y, and z are consecutive even integers, then what is the difference betweenx and z ?(A)(B)(C)(D)0124Questions 4-5 refer to the following chart.Clothing Close-outDressesOriginally 120Now 90CoatsOriginally 250Now 180ShoesOriginally 60Now 40HatsOriginally 40Now 204. Which of the items for sale has the greatest percent discount?(A)(B)(C)(D)DressesCoatsShoesHats5. Purchasing which item will save the buyerthe most dollars?(A)(B)(C)(D)DressesCoatsShoesHatsGo on to the next page.562 Cracking the SSAT & ISEE

QR6. Amy is three years older than Beth andfive years younger than Jo. If Beth is byears old, how old is Jo, in terms of b ?(A)(B)(C)(D)2b 32b – 3b 4b 87. If x is divided by 5, the remainder is 4. Ify is divided by 5, the remainder is 1. Whatis the remainder when (x y) is dividedby 5 ?(A)(B)(C)(D)01238. If x is a factor of p and y is a factor of q,then which of the following is true?(A)(B)(C)(D)pq is a factor of xypq is a multiple of xyp is a factor of xyp is a multiple of xy9. Find the maximum value of y when y 3x2 2 and –3 x 2.(A)(B)(C)(D)214295010. If b is a positive integer and (x 5)2 x2 bx 25, then b is equal to what value?(A)(B)(C)(D)510202511. J is a whole number divisible by 4. J isalso divisible by 3. Which of the following is NOT a possible value for J ?(A)(B)(C)(D)1224303612. The product of 0.48 and 100 is approximately(A) 0.5(B) 4.8(C) 5(D) 50Go on to the next page.Upper Level ISEE Practice Test 563

QR13. If the length of a rectangle is increased by20 percent and the width of the rectangleis decreased by 10 percent, what is thepercent increase of the area of the rectangle?(A)(B)(C)(D)8%9%10%12%AHGBIFCDE14. Square ACEG shown above is composedof 4 squares with sides of 1 meter each.Traveling only on the lines of the squares,how many different routes from A to Dthat are exactly 3 meters long arepossible?(A)(B)(C)(D)234515. If, in triangle ABC, the measure of angleB is greater than 90 , and AB BC, whatis a possible measure for angle C indegrees?(A)(B)(C)(D)354560It cannot be determined from theinformation given.16. Chumway Motors discounts the cost of acar by 10% and then runs another specialone-day deal offering an additional 20%off the discounted price. What discountdoes this represent from the original priceof the car?(A)(B)(C)(D)28%30%40%72%17. David scored 82, 84, and 95 on his firstthree math tests. What score does he needon his fourth test to bring his average upto a 90?(A)(B)(C)(D)90929699Go on to the next page.564 Cracking the SSAT & ISEE

QR18. Howard has a coin jar filled with onlyquarters and nickels. If he has a total of23 coins that equal 2.15, which of thefollowing could be the number of nickelsHoward has in the jar?(A)(B)(C)(D)510182020. The ratio of yellow paint to red paintto white paint needed to make a perfectmixture of orange paint is 3 to 2 to 1. If36 gallons of orange paint are needed topaint a cottage, how many gallons of redpaint will be needed?(A)(B)(C)(D)26121519. If p2 q2 25 and 2pq 10, what is thevalue of (p – q)2 ?(A)(B)(C)(D)2501005015Go on to the next page.Upper Level ISEE Practice Test 565

QRPart Two – Quantitative ComparisonsDirections: Using all information given in each question, compare the quantity in Column A to the quantityin Column B. All questions in Part Two have these answer choices:(A)(B)(C)(D)21.The quantity in Column A is greater.The quantity in Column B is greater.The two quantities are equal.The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.Column AColumn B25% of 5050% of 25360 is the product of 4 consecutiveintegers.Column AColumn B23.A piggy bank is filled with nickels andpennies, totaling 2.10, and the numberof pennies is double the number ofnickels. (Note: 1 nickel 0.05 and1 penny 0.01)Column AColumn B22.The total value ofthe nickels24.The greatest ofthe 4 consecutiveintegers6Column AColumn Bx2x3Column AColumn B8 – 20 2 5 320 1.7525.Go on to the next page.566 Cracking the SSAT & ISEE

QRAnswer choices for all questions on this page.(A)(B)(C)(D)The quantity in Column A is greater.The quantity in Column B is greater.The two quantities are equal.The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.(x 2)(x – 2) 026.27.28.Column AColumn Bx2Column AColumn B36 1652Column AColumn B31296x 2 x y 2 y30.31.Column AColumn Bxy 2Column AColumn BThe sum of theintegers from 1 to100, inclusiveThe sum of theeven integers from1 to 200, inclusivex4 1.5The volume of a solid cube is 27.Column A29.The height of thecube32.Column AColumn Bx5Column B3Go on to the next page.Upper Level ISEE Practice Test 567

QRAnswer choices for all questions on this page.(A)(B)(C)(D)The quantity in Column A is greater.The quantity in Column B is greater.The two quantities are equal.The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.Column A33. 1 5 12A box contains 4 cookies, 5 brownies,and 6 doughnuts. Two items are removed from the bag.Column AColumn BColumn B 1 5436.A card is drawn from a standard deckand a 6-sided number cube, numbered 1to 6, is rolled.Column AColumn B34.If a king is drawnfrom the deck,the probability ofrolling an evennumber.If a spade is drawnfrom the deck, theprobability of rolling a number lessthan 435.568 The price of turnips per bunch atthe end of the offseason.Cracking the SSAT & ISEEThe probabilitythat one item isa cookie and theother is a doughnutA triangle has two sides measuring 4and 6, respectively.Column AColumn B37.When they are in season, a farmer sellsturnips for 1.80 per bunch. At thebeginning of the off-season, this farmerincreases the price per bunch by 10%;however, at the end of the off-season thefarmer decreases by 10% the price ofturnips per bunch.Column AColumn BThe probabilitythat both itemsare browniesThe greatestpossible area ofthe triangle12 1.80STOP. If there is time,you may check yourwork in this section only.

RCSection 3Reading Comprehension36 QuestionsTime: 35 MinutesThis section contains six short reading passages. Each passage is followed by six questions based on its content. Answer the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage.You may write in the test booklet.STOP. Do not go onuntil told to do so.Upper Level ISEE Practice Test 569

RCQuestions 27282930New Orleans was the site of the lastmajor battle during the War of 1812,a lengthy conflict between British andAmerican troops. The Battle of NewOrleans in January 1815 was one of thegreatest victories in American militaryhistory. However, the great success of thisbattle did not actually bring about the end ofthe war. Surprisingly, the Treaty of Ghent,which declared the end of the war, hadalready been signed by both sides a monthearlier.How was that possible? There were twomajor reasons. The first is that New Orleanswas relatively isolated and communicationin the growing United States was not assimple as it is today. Thus, it is possible thatthe British commanders and the Americangeneral, Andrew Jackson, did not realize atreaty had been signed before they startedtheir battle. A second reason is that there isa difference between a signed treaty and aratified treaty. Even if all soldiers fighting inand around New Orleans had known of thetreaty, it had not yet been ratified by the U.S.Senate. Thus, though the Treaty of Ghenttook place in December prior to the Battle ofNew Orleans, the war did not officially enduntil February 1815, when the Senate ratifiedthe treaty.31323334353637383940414243444546474849Had the combatants in New Orleansknown of the treaty, they might haveavoided a tough battle, especially theBritish. In the battle, a force of about 4,000American troops decisively defeated anenemy of nearly twice its size. At stake forthe soldiers was control of the waterways ofthe Mississippi, and the fighting was fierce.A combination of tactical mistakes and badweather doomed the British attack, costingthem nearly 2,000 soldiers injured or killed.The Americans lost fewer than 200. Butwas the terrible battle all for nothing? Somehistorians suggest that victory that day wascrucial for the American military in orderto enforce and help quickly ratify the peacetreaty. Potentially, with an American loss inNew Orleans, the British could have foundhope to continue the conflict.Go on to the next page.570 Cracking the SSAT & ISEE

RC1. The primary purpose of the passage is to(A)(B)(C)(D)blame the British for fighting anunnecessary warcelebrate the tactical militarymaneuvers of Andrew Jacksonconvince readers that peace treatiesare often worthlessprovide greater details about theend of a historical conflict2. The passage suggests that all of the following occurred near the end of the Warof 1812 EXCEPT(A)(B)(C)(D)Andrew Jackson ignored the ordersof President MadisonCommunication with the battle linecommanders was slowThe Treaty of Ghent was signedWeather conditions hurt the effortsof the British soldiers3. Which of the following is implied by thepassage?(A)(B)(C)(D)Andrew Jackson did not know thedifference between a signed treatyand a ratified treaty.President Madison did not realizethe Battle of New Orleans was possible.The British may have had a chancefor victory with better conditionsand preparation.The British troops knew of thetreaty but attacked anyway.4. According to the passage, New Orleanswas a strategic battle site because(A)(B)(C)(D)it was the only location whereAmerican forces were better supplied than the British forcesthe American forces would betrapped in the swamplands if theylostthe British were attempting todefeat a more numerous forcethe Mississippi River was nearbyand control of it was important5. After which of the following was the Warof 1812 officially at an end?(A)(B)(C)(D)Both armies signing the Treaty ofGhentBritish retreat from the MississippiThe Battle of New OrleansThe Senate’s ratification of theTreaty of Ghent6. According to the passage, a treaty(A)(B)(C)(D)cannot be signed by the Presidentwithout the consent of the Senatehas sometimes been ignored bythose in battleis always used to end a waris not effective until it is ratified bythe SenateGo on to the next page.Upper Level ISEE Practice Test 571

RCQuestions ording to game maker Hasbro,approximately 750 million people haveplayed the well-known game Monopolysince it was invented in the 1930s. CharlesDarrow is typically credited as the inventorof the world’s most famous board game.However, he likely derived his version ofMonopoly from one of several other gamessimilarly involving realty buying and sellingthat were already in existence prior to the1930s when he got his patent for the game.A probable reason that Darrow’sMonopoly became the hugely successfulgame that still exists today is that he tooka diligent approach to producing it. Othersimilar games existed, but some of themhad no board or regulation pieces. Withhelp from his wife and son who adorned thesets with detail, Darrow personally createdthe pieces and boards that became the firstMonopoly game sets. His extra work increating the entire environment that playersneeded gave his game something extra thatother variations did not 748495051Darrow had marginal success sellinghis games in various parts of the country.Several Philadelphia area stores werethe first to carry his game and sell it inlarge quantities. Despite this, Darrow haddifficulty selling his game to the majorgame manufacturer of the time, ParkerBrothers. He was told that his game wastoo complex and had fundamental errorsin its design that would limit its appeal.Ultimately, the continued sales he managedon his own forced Parker Brothers toreassess the worth of his game. Eventually,the company agreed to produce the gameand shortly thereafter it became thebestselling game in the country.That success turned Charles Darrowinto a millionaire, which is the ultimateirony. Darrow initially began work onMonopoly to help support himself and hisfamily following the financial troubles tiedto the stock market crash of 1929.Thus, Charles Darrow became a millionaireby producing a game that allows “regular”people to feel like they are buyingand selling homes and real estate likemillionaires.Go on to the next page.572 Cracking the SSAT & ISEE

RC7. The best title for this passage would be(A)(B)(C)(D)“A Comparison of Several EarlyReal Estate Board Games”“How Hasbro Introduced Monopolyto the World”“The Early History of CharlesMonopoly“Two Views of Charles Darrow’sLife”8. It is suggested by the passage that(A)(B)(C)(D)Darrow decided to make his gameless complex after initially meetingwith Parker BrothersDarrow had no other skills to useafter the stock market crash of 1929Parker Brothers probably doubtedthat a complex game could sell wellPhiladelphia was the only majorcity where he could sell his game9. As used in line 48, “regular” refers topeople who(A)(B)(C)(D)rent rather than own propertyare in the top 1% of wealthiestpeoplelove to play board gamesare in a lower economic class thanmillionaires10. With which of the following would theauthor be LEAST likely to agree?(A)(B)(C)(D)Charles Darrow chose to continueto sell his game despite criticisms.Charles Darrow is not the firstperson to conceive of a board-basedreal estate game.Charles Darrow preferred toachieve his goals without the helpof others.Some of the things Darrow chose todo helped make his game sell betterthan other games.11. Which of the following was NOT mentioned by the author as contributing to theultimate success of Monopoly?(A)(B)(C)(D)Darrow’s efforts to initially sell thegame on his own.The addition of specific pieces anda playing board in each set.The adjustments Parker Brothersmade to the game.The enjoyment people get in pretending to be millionaires.12. The author suggests in the third paragraphthat(A)(B)(C)(D)certain errors in Monopoly served tolimit its appealCharles Darrow sold his game inPhiladelphia because he knew itwould be popular thereMonopoly was initially too complexto be popularsome people doubted thatMonopoly would be popularGo on to the next page.Upper Level ISEE Practice Test 573

RCQuestions 262728293031Every year, hundreds of hopefulstudents arrive in Washington, D.C., inorder to compete in the National SpellingBee. This competition has been heldannually since 1925 and is sponsored byE.W. Scripps Company. The sponsorsprovide both a trophy and a monetary awardto the champion speller. In the competition,students under 16 years of age take turnsattempting to properly spell words asprovided by the moderator. The championis the sole remaining student who does notmake a mistake.Most American students are familiarwith the concept of a spelling bee becauseit is practiced in many schools throughoutthe country. The National Spelling Bee,however, is a much bigger setting andshowcases only the best spellers from allparts of the nation. Students who appearat the National Spelling Bee have alreadywon competitions at local and state levels.Winning the competition nowadays requiresthe ability to perform under intense pressureagainst very talented students in frontof a large audience. A student who winsthe event in the twenty-first century willexperience a much different challenge thanthe first winner, Frank Neuhauser, did in1925 when he defeated only nine 84950515253Clearly, the 80 years of the NationalSpelling Bee’s existence attests to theimportance of spelling in the Englishlanguage. However, struggles with spellingEnglish words goes back much more than80 years. The captivating thing aboutspelling correctly in English is that it is inmany ways without rules. English languagehas a powerful capacity to absorb newwords from other languages and in doing somake them “English” words. As a result ofthis ability to borrow from other languages,the sheer number of words in English ismuch higher than any other language. Thus,spelling in many other languages involvesfewer words, fewer rules, and fewer oddexceptions to those rules. It turns out that aspelling bee in most other languages wouldbe a waste of time. Why is that? Well,without the myriad exceptions to commonvocabulary, there would be very few wordsthat everyone didn’t already know.Go on to the next page.574 Cracking the SSAT & ISEE

RC13. The author mentions “other languages” inline 41 in order to point out that(A)(B)(C)(D)English-language spelling bees areunnecessarily complexone challenge in English-languagespelling bees is the number ofwords that can be testedspelling bees are at least 80 yearsoldwords are harder to spell in Englishthan in any other language14. According to the passage, what is a majordifference between the first NationalSpelling Bee and today’s competition?(A)(B)(C)(D)Spellers in the past did not expectthe competition to grow so large.The competition no longer focuseson only English words.There are more competitors.The words used today are significantly harder.15. In line 51, the word “myriad” most cnumerous16. Which of the following can be inferredfrom the passage?(A)(B)(C)(D)A competitor at the National Spelling Bee has already won at leastone smaller spelling bee.E.W. Scripps Company desires toeliminate poor spelling in America.Frank Neuhauser would not do wellin today’s competition.The competition has grown toolarge.17. The author of the passage intends to(A)(B)(C)(D)compare the presentation of the current National Spelling Bee with thestructure in the pastcontrast the English language withother languagesinvestigate the role that vocabularyplays in our livesreview the history and current formof the National Spelling Bee18. The author’s attitude toward winners ofthe National Spelling Bee ngGo on to the next page.Upper Level ISEE Practice Test 575

RCQuestions 19-24Line1234567891011121314151617181920212223The idea of black holes was developedby Karl Schwarzchild in 1916. Since then,many different scientists have added to thetheory of black holes in space. A black holeis usually defined as a very dense celestialbody from which nothing, not even light,can escape. But from what do black holesoriginate?A black hole begins as a star. A starburns hydrogen, and this process, calledfusion, releases energy. The energy releasedoutward works against the star’s owngravity pulling inward and prevents the starfrom collapsing. After millions of yearsof burning hydrogen, the star eventuallyruns out of fuel. At this point, the star’sown gravity and weight cause it to startcontracting.If the star is small and not very heavy itwill shrink just a little and become a whitedwarf when it runs out of fuel. White dwarfstars do not emit much energy, so they areusually not visible without a 44454647If the star is bigger and heavier, it willcollapse very quickly in an implosion. If thematter that remains is not much heavier thanour sun, it

Upper Level ISEE Practice Test 553 VR STOP. Do not go on until told to do so. Part Two - Sentence Completion Each question in Part Two is made up of a sentence with one or two blanks. One blank indicates that a word is missing. Two blanks indicate that two words are missing. Each sentence is followed by four answer choices.