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RECOMMENDED ENERGYAND NUTRIENT INTAKESPhilippines, 2002 EditionmMWFOOD AND NUTRmON RESEARCH INSnTUTEDepartment of Science and Technology
Copyright 2002Published by theFOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH INSTITUTEDepartment of Science and TechnologyISBN 971-8769-17 -X
2002 RENI COMMITTEECORAZON VC. BARBA, PhD- ChairmanDirector, Food and Nutrition Research Institute (FNRI)Department of Science and Technology (DOST)RODOLFO F. FLORENTINO, MD, PhD- Co-ChairmanScientific Director, International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI),Southeast Asia RegionDEMETRIA C. BONGGA, PhD - MemberDean, College of Home EcoconomicsDepartment of Food Science and NutritionUniversity of the Philippines (UP), Diliman, Quezon CityMA. ISABEL Z. CABRERA, MS - MemberSupervising Science Research Specialist, FNRI-DOSTREBECCA A. CASTRO, MD- MemberPediatric-GastroenterologistUniversity of Santo Tomas HospitalVELONA A. CORPUS, MNS - Member and EditorNutrition ConsultantMARIO R. FESTIN, MD - MemberProfessor, Obstetrics and Gynecology and Clinical EpidemiologyUP ManilaEMILIE G. FLORES, MD,PhD- MemberVice-Chancellor for Academic AffairsUP ManilaMANUEL P. MACAPINLAC, MD,PhD- MemberProfessor, College of MedicineDe La Salle UniversityCELESTE C. TANCHOCO, MPH- MemberScientist Ill and Chief, Nutritional Science and Technology DivisionFNRI-DOSTTRINIDAD P. TRINIDAD, PhD- MemberScientist II, DOSTiii
TASK FORCESEach RENI Committee Member headed a Task Force for Energy,or Specific Nutrients, or Groups of Related Nutrients. Each TaskForce Chairman selected Members from among professionals inthe health and nutritional sciences. The Members were:JULIET 0. SIC-AGUILAR, MD,MSProfessor, College of MedicineUP ManilaLEONORA N. PANLASIGUI, PhDProfessor, College of Home EconomicsUP Diliman, Quezon CityMILAGROS P. QUERUBIN, PhDProfessor, College of Home EconomicsUP Diliman, Quezon CityJOSSIE M. ROGACION, MD,MSConsultant, Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionUP- Philippine General Hospital, ManilaIMELDA A. SAPALO, MDDirector, Medical Products Research for Medical AffairsUnited Laboratories, Inc. (UNILAB)MA. ANTONIA G. TUAZON, PhDDirector, Regional Training Programmeon Food and Nutrition Planning (RTP- FNP)Professor, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food (IHNF) andDean, College of Human Ecology (CHE), UP Los BanosELLEN E. VILLATE, MPHDirector, Helen Keller International, Inc.iv
FNRI SECRETARIATMA. ISABEL Z. CABRERA, MS -ChairmanSupervising Science Research SpecialistLEONORA E. VILLANUEVA- Co-ChairmanSenior Science Research SpecialistGEORGINA S. CARAIGScience Research Specialist ICYNTHIA T. GAYYAScience Research Specialist IIJONATHAN ROGER T. LANTINScience Research Specialist IMA. LUZ S. LIMBAGAScience Research Specialist ICATHERINE C. LUMBAScience Research Specialist IMITCHIE P. PANUGAOScience Research Specialist IIMA. JOVINA A. SANDOVALScience Research Specialist IICARMENCITA C. SISONScience Research Specialist IIFLORENTINO G. SOLANZO, MPHSenior Science Research SpecialistMILAGROS F. VILLADOLIDScience Research Specialist IIGEMMA P. YUCHINGTAT, MSSupervising Science Research SpecialistANACLETA S. LOYOLASenior Science Research SpecialistWith the assistance of:EMMA R. ALEJANDROScience Research Specialist IIPAZS. LARAScience Research Assistant IASUNCION C. TORRESScience Aidev
ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe express our deepest appreciation to the following ExternalReviewers, for their valuable comments on specific chapters of thisbook:MA. SOPHIA V. AMARRA, PhDProfessor, Food Science and TechnologyPhilippine Institute of Nutrition, Philippine Women's University,NOEL V. BAUTISTA, MDAssociate ProfessorFaculty of Medicine and Surgery, USTFEDERICO B. CRUZ, MD, MSProfessor, College of Medicine, UP ManilaCONRADO S. DAYRIT, MDEmeritus Professor of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, UP ManilaMs. GEMMA P. DIMAANOAVP Branch Nutrition Division , Nestle Philippines, Inc,RHODORA C. ESTACIO, MSProfessor, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyCollege of Medicine, UP ManilaCORAZON B. GARALDERegional Marketing Manager, Roche Vitamins Philippines, Inc.RAYMUNDO CF. HABITO, MDAsst. Professor, IHNF, CHEand Deputy Director for Technical Concerns, RTP-FNPUP Los BanosJAN HALESNutritionist, New Zealand Milk (Philippines), Inc.WILMA A. HURTADA, PhDDirector, IHNFand Associate Professor, CHE, UP Los BanosMARY JUDE B. !CASIANONutritionist, Wyeth Philippines, Inc.GILBERTO F. LAYESEOIC, Office of the DirectorBureau of Agriculture and Fisheries Product StandardsDepartment of Agriculturevi
ARTURO C. LUDAN, MDFellow, Philippine Pediatric Society, American Academy of Pediatricsand Philippine Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionAMADO R. PARAWAN, MDNational Coordinator for School Health and Nutrition ProgramSave the Children I USAELIZABETH PAZ- PACHECO, MDPresident, Philippine Society of Endocrine and Metabolism, Inc.MA. REGINA A. PEDRO, PhDChief Science Research Specialist, FNRI-DOSTLUCILA B. RABUCO, PhDProfessor and Chair, Department of NutritionCollege of Public Health, UP ManilaADELISA C. RAMOS, MPHDeputy Director for ResearchBureau of Food and Drugs, Department of HealthADELA JAMORABO-RUIZ, MSDean, College of Nutrition and Food S iencePolytechnic University of the Philippines, ManilaISIDRO C. SIA, MDProfessor, Department of PharmacologyCollege of Medicine, UP ManilaFLORENTINO S. SOLON, MD, MPHExecutive Director, Nutrition Center of the PhilippinesDALISAY CHIONGLO SY, PhDProfessor and Chair, Department of BiochemistryCollege of Medicine, De La Salle UniversityJOANNE TODDNutrition Manager, New Zealand Milk (Philippines)TITO P. TORRALBA, MDMedical Director, UST HospitalPresident, Osteoporosis Society of the Philippines Foundation, Inc.vii
Grateful acknowledgment is also due to the following:for editing the manuscriptCARMENCITA S. LOYOLA, PhDProfessorial-Lecturer, College of Public Health, UP Manilaand the University of Asia and the Pacific,for production assistance;MA. lOELlA G. GLORIOSO,DIVORAH V. AGUILA,ERLINDA V. ILAO, andROMEO A. ARTUZfor funding support in the consultative meetings and preparationof the manuscript.MEAD JOHNSON PHILIPPINES, INC.NESTLE PHILIPPINES, INCNEW ZEALAND MILK (PHILIPPINES), INC.QUAKER OATS ASIA, INC.ROCHE VITAMINS PHILIPPINES, INC.UNILAB NUTRACEUTICALS, INC.UNITED LABORATORIES, INC.WYETH PHILIPPINES, INC.viii
FOREWORDThe Food and Nutrition Research Institute (FNRI) of theDepartment of Science and Technology (DOST), as in the past, ledthe review and revision of the 1989 Recommended DietaryAllowances (RDAs) for Filipinos. The RDAs are vital and essentialtools recognized in the local and international nutrition and healthcommunity as the source of information on recommended energyand nutrient intakes for the maintenance of good health. The RDAsare used in assessing, planning and promoting food and nutrientintakes of populations; setting food production targets, and drawingup food and nutrition policies. The set of dietary standards isevaluated and updated to keep pace with new knowledge on energyand nutrient requirements and metabolism.The new set of standards is now called Recommended Energyand Nutrient Intakes (RENis), to emphasize that the standards arein term of nutrients, and not foods or diets. As in the 1989 edition,intakes for energy, protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, iodine, zinc,vitamins A, C, D and E, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, folate, pyridoxine,and water and electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride) arerecommended in this new edition . The desirable proportions ofprotein, fats and carbohydrates and fiber are given . Information isalso provided on recommended intake levels for selenium,magnesium, manganese, fluoride, vitamins 8 12 , and K, which arenot available in the 1989 edition.These recommendations were derived from a review of currentevidence with due consideration to applicability and achievabilityamong specific population groups, and the consensus amongmembers of the Committee. Ultimately, these RENis are envisionedto serve as guideposts to help various users to set directions fordesigning nutrition and health interventions toward the improvementof the general health of the Filipino population.CO V A,Ph.D.Director, FNRI-DOST andChair, 2002 RENI Committeeix
CONTENTSCHAPTERTITLEPAGE1TRENDS IN NUTRIENT -BASED DIETARYSTANDARDS12CONCEPTS AND GENERAL PRINCIPLES123ENERGY234CARBOHYDRATES565DIETARY FATS AND FATTY ACIDS696PROTEIN897FAT- SOLUBLE VITAMINS8Vitamin A121Vitamin 0139Vitamin E152Vitamin K163WATER- SOLUBLE VITAMINSVitamin in 8 6242Vitamin 8 12256X
orus291. Magnesium301TRACE e387Fluoride396WATER AND ium414Chloride418SUMMARY TABLESxi
Nutritionist, New Zealand Milk (Philippines), Inc. WILMA A. HURT ADA, PhD Director, IHNF and Associate Professor, CHE, UP Los Banos MARY JUDE B. !CASIANO Nutritionist, Wyeth Philippines, Inc. GILBERTO F. LAYESE OIC, Office of the Director Bureau of Agriculture and Fisheries Product Standards Department of Agriculture vi
