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NEW AG E, THURSDAY. APRI L 6. 1961Away With ImperialismPROTEST AT BAN ONANC AND PACT hrough the columns of you rpape r I wish to register my 'p rot sta t th e action of the N ationalistGo vern ment in extending th e banon the ANC and the PAC und erth e so-called Unl awful Or ganisation s Act of 1960.Th e reimposition of th e banclearly shows that the present N atG overnment is un able to rule thiscount ry and it should resig n andmake way for an able governmentthat will rule on th e concepts ensh rined in the Freedom Ch arter.I want to warn the Governmenttha t in this country there shallnever be peace as long as a sectionof the popul ation is denied thefundamen tal right to exp ress theirviews andaspirationsfreelyth rou gh the medium of their organ isations without police intimidation.Banning of org ani sation s: banishm ent of leaders , declaration ofstates of emergencies, will notsol ve the problems of this coun- r:s: e o;; 's :?:t f :e f an d democratic South Af rica butwil1 only serve to strengthen themTime For FreedomMo st of the White populationa re aga inst Afric an liberati on. Th ewishes of the Af rican s are not re cogni sed a t all. When we ask f orhigher pay, fai r treatment andbetter education, we are calledCommunists.When a man asks for libe rationit is time for him to be freed .S. P. MOKROSIBasutoland.mo re and more in the ir determi n ation .I appea l to all freedom lovingpeople of our c ountry, vote rs andvo teless, to use every legitima temeth od a t thei r dis posal to com pel th e G overnmen t of S.A. toreconsider its pol icy of apa rtheidand racial discrimin ation. and tocall a N ational Conventi on representing all the peopl e of S.A. tod raw up a new co nstitution andBill of Rights th at will make r acialdiscrim ination punishable by law.W . T . SOBANDLAFormer Secret ary of thenow ban ned ANC Walme r Branch.Blow To RacialistsT he raciali sts mus t ha ve suffereda blow when "apartheid" was rejected by the CommonwealthPrime Ministers' Co nference. TheSouth African Unit ed Front deserve s high pr aise f or its untiringefforts and talks with otherlead ers .Perh aps the greatest praiseshould go to Pre sident N krum ahof Gh an a and Mr . Jo hn Dief enbaker. who must h ave mad e Dr.Ve rwoerd very wra thf ul a nd hotu nder the collar. No prais e forMe nzies whose anti -Japa nese policy is well known.Thank you, all who helpedac h ieve this victory, this blow tosemi-fascist raci alism .D E MOCRATCape Tow n.§IIII III I I I I II I I II I II I II I III IlI I I I I I I I I I I III I III I II I III II I III I II I III I II I I II I I I I II I II II I I ( I I II I ( I II II II I I II I IIII II I I II I I II III II I I III I IIII I iO V ERJOYE D?:5Y ye ea l h f r {:eort to:elitt vem gf g : t reason tri al. The acquittal ofthe accused aft er years of torture is a wonderful triumph.Wh at a slap in the face forth e Go vernment- from its ownlately. May be you have beentakin g Ne w Age, lik e the t reaso n trial. for grant ed- something th at goes on for everwithout visible mean s of sup- h a: t:tp;gs ti:nhj,tad PO ell.Perh aps you r celebrationsand th anksgivings are alreadyover. But we want to remindyou of one fact:Throughout the almo st fiveyear agony of the accused,New Age was always by theirside. At first we were evennumbered amongst the accused- yes. accused number 156 wasthe Re al Printi ng and Publi shing Co.But in any ca se, we alo ne ofan uk e6e te :s- e thrma cused, made a n ame for themselves with th eir repo rts. Lionel late r had a book publi shed. : e Robert will still do theWhen the treason trial wasno lon ger news for the dailypress, it remained news forN ew Age-we gave up at leasta pag e a week to make sureth at the true facts of whatwent on in court were pre sented to the public.For four and a half years!You can rep ay something ofyour debt to New Age bysending a. donation to keep thepaper gomg.D .H. R1.90 , D& R R2, N .M. R2. Hot W aterR6 . JacobinRIO. Ha roldR 2.IO. K en R2. H arry R4,Spud s R2. Double Yo lk R6 ,W yndoc RIO, Rubar R15. Pre- r :i.'l ot . ' i ':ie :C hess R 3, A non (per S.C.) R2.Mi ca R2, G .A.F . R2.l 0, Rim oR to. Don R5 , E.DT. R20, EdR5. S.M. R4 , Rough D iamondR25, Alf R2.Johannesburg:Colis. R4. Harry R2. Colls.RIO. O. Grove R 4. FriendsR300 , Colis, R4 , Ob s. R12.Durba n:N ad R4. Cafe R6 2.47, PlaysR 24.TOTAL : R592.2 7.Asian Affairs Dept.RejectedNo doubt the setting up of theAsian Affai rs Department has - itsorigin in the successive hammeringyear in and yea r out at the U nite dNations of the question of thetreatment o f Indians in SouthAfri ca. Thi s is a new departurefrom the former Nationalist "allout elimin ati on or repatriation"policy for the Indian community.As apartheid is still the basicprin ciple, this is not the way out.Progressive Indian opinion rejectsthe th eory of "developing alongyour own lines" as a warpe dphi losophy of a warped min d,challe nging dynamic times, Wewill continue to pursue the righ tto participate in the affairs of ourcountry as free and equal citizens.PAUL JOSE PHJohannesbur g.Yes-men Not WantedIn certai n or ganisations SOmeprominent people denounce ot hersas pimps because they do notshare the sam e opinions. I wouldlike the leadership of these orga nisatio ns to take strong actionagainst this sort of thing.We sincerely hope that peo pleare not recruit ed in order to actas "Yes-b aas" in poli tical cir cles,but to add wha t the y think is righ tand oppo se wha t they think is notcorrect un til they are defeated bya vote.L. S. CELEDurban.Where Do OurTaxes Go?the tre ason trial hasn ow com e to an end . DON'llLE T NEW AGE C OME TOAN END.Sen d your dona tion today.Our special thank s go th isweek to friends in Jo ha nnesburg. who donated the finesum of R300 . We need moref riend s of the same calibre, inJoh ann esbur g, or elsewhere. Itis frien ds like these who keepus goin g.Last Week's Do na tions : ek e r::er ;:S l cafJ i o 1:0.cour se of the trial.The impe rialists know that aunion of ind ependent states ofAfrica will be a force to bereckoned with in world po litics.That is why th ey murdered Lumumba and impri son their oppo nents in Af rica .Imperialists believe that theonly h uman race is the white ra ce.Let our slogan be "Africa for theAfricans." Imperialists. why doyou prea ch of God, the moral law,justice, when your governmentsfail to pract ise the se fine precepts?You are hypocrit es, for you shu tup the kingdo m of freedomagain st men, for you neither go inyourself no r do yo u allow thosewho want to go in either .Away with colonialism an d im perialism in Af rica! Wake upyo uth! Boys a nd girls, where ar eyou?N ALEDI NTLAMAMa seru. !f.11I111I1111111I11I111II11II1111I111111111I11I 1I1I11I11I 11111 11111111111111111111111111j;;We ha ve experienced great hard ship since August 1960. Theschoo l principals and committeesinvit ed all par ents to a mee tingwhere it was announced that themont hly fees for lower pri maryscholars would' be raised to Ixfrom tOe, and to 25c from lOefor higher prim ar y scholars.The n in January of this yearanothe r meeting was called a ndwe were told that the fees wouldbe raised to 30c for all scholars.Wha t is funny aibout this is thatthe School Boa rd does not tell uswha t the mone y is to be used for .Parents are afraid to ask in casetheir ch ildren are pu t out ofschool.We do not get anything ou t ofthis money . All the children do isgardening in school and we getabout two ba gsful each of thepro duce, which cannot sup portanv family for a year.Y have three children at school.For each one I have to pay R 3.60a year . I also have to pay R4.50for poll- tax. and R2 for an oxwagon which I own. On top ofthis , each man must pay R8 .50whenever a new schoo l is built.M. A. MATLAKALAMabieskraal, Tvl.THE FIGHT FOR FREEDOMCAN NEVER BE TREASONTHE sensational collapse of the treason trial last week bringsto an end one of the most sordid chapters in the history ofNa tionalist political persecution of their opponents .There was never any basis to the cha rge of treason which wasbrought against the 156 accused who were dragged from theirhomes and cast into prison in December 1956. The whole casewas a sheer act of political intimida tion and terro rism inspiredby the Government.Nobody can begin to know the endless misery a nd sufferingwhich was inflicted on the accused as a result of this trial. Inno cent people were deprived of their livelihood and forced to liveon charity for years. Fami lies were broken up, children separatedfrom their parents.Th e physical strai n of the trial was so great that some ofthe 3':CUSed were driven to an early death.THESE ARE CRIMES OF TH E NATIONALIST GOVERN ME NT WHICH TH E SOUTH AFRICAN PEOPLEWILL NOT SOON FO RG ET OR F ORGIVE.Yet despite all the Government could do to make the chargeof treason stick, despite the appointment of a 'Special Court andthe han d-picking of the judges by the then Ministe r of JusticeMr. Swart, despite the fact that the law was altered four timesto suit the Crown and to the prejudice of the accused, despitethe fact tha t the Crown was given every opportu nity by theBench to make the most of its wretched case, the evidence wasso inadequ ate that defence counsel were not even req uired toargue on the facts .TH E COUR T CAM E TO THE UNANIMOUS CONCLU SION THAT THERE WAS iNO BASIS FOR THECHARGE OF TREASON .The judgment of the special court is a slap in the face for theGovernment, for Prof essor Mmray, an d for all the red-bai ters inSouth Africa who have tried to un dermine the Congress allianceby unscropul ous anti-Communism and witch-hlDlting.The Free dom Charter says: "That South Africa belongs toall who live in it, black and white, and that no government canjustly .clain,t, aut hori ty unless it is ba sed on the will of all thepeople . .Its main deman d is that: "Every man and woman shall havethe right to vote for and to stand as candida te for all bodieswhich make laws."It is the judgment of the court tha t this is neither communismnor treason. Furth ermore. althou gh the court did not explicitlysay so, the implicati on is plain that the Freedom Charier, as thebasic policy of the Con gress Allia nce. is no more than theelementary programme of democratic reform of which this country stand s in such crying need today. R ign 01 Tel'l'orYet for merely working for such democratic reform. themembers of the Congress Alliance have been subjected to themost vicious persecution at the han ds of the Government. Norshould it be thought that with the ending of this case, theGovernment' s reign of terror is over.There will be no apo logy or offer of compensation from theGovernment to mak e up for the app alling losses. both spiritualand materi al, the accused have suffered durin g these five terriblevears of trial. On the contrary, this rebuff from the courts will merelystimulate the Ve rwoerd gang to further excesses against thepeople. The South Africa n Congress of Trade Unions. the onlybod y representing the mass of worke rs of all races in SouthAfrica. has already been arbitrarily ba nned from holding meetings for three mont hs. The Government will tend to rely moreand more on admin istrative action against the people's leaders.rather tha n face the risk of furt·her rebuffs from the courts.Legislation providing for preventive detention is a further possibility.The violent assaults still to come from a tyrannical Government smarting from many defeats bo th nationally and internationally must be met by the united determination of alldemocratic-minded South Africans.With the treason trial out of the way, the road ahead shouldnow be clear to all.e's struggle agai nst aparth eid must be intensified. The peop A new So th Africa must be built on the basis laid downin the Freedom Cha rter.IT IS NOT AND NEV ER HA S BEEN TREASON TOSAY TmS. IT IS nrsr PL AIN COMM ONSEN SE. THEVERWOERD R OAD IS THE ROAD TO DISGRACE ANDRUIN. THE FREEDOM CH ARTER, BASED ON E QUALRIGH TS FO R AL L, PR OVIDE S THE ONLY GUAR ANTE EOF PEACE AND HA RMO NY AM ONGST ALL SECl10NSOF OUR PE OPL E.

NEW AGE, THURSDAY, APRIL 6,1961In Protesl Against 3-Monlh BunSACTO C L5 FORORL B COTTca t t mlfIia ica n ra JO HANNESBURG.Two principal lines of actionappear possible. First, such a committee may consider issuing an international financial appeal to assistSouth African trade unions as wellas workers who have been imprisoned or were in the treason trial.Next, the Committee will considerorganising an international tradeboycott by calling the workers allover the world not to handle SouthAfrican goods.Mr. John Tettegah, President ofthe Ghana TUC, is said to be committed to an active policy on SouthM rica and may call for similaraction from African tra de unionistsat the inaugural conference of theAll-African Trade U 'on Federationdue to take place in Casablanca inMay.Fede ratio , the. WFfU and :ts.lCFfU urging vigorous proThe call to trade unions to declare South African ships 'black' isa call to dockers not to load or off-THE South African Congress Unionof Trad Unions has calledon trade unmns throughout theworld to boycott South Africangoods declare South Africanships :black' d tak any othersolidarity action in protestagainst the Government's threemonth ban on all SACTUmeetings. :n t t i: c s c movement and could be the start ofa demand for countries to declareeconomic sanctions against theU: lions have already endorsedThe ban was slapped on SACTU the . call for the boycott of South ; :es is r is n t.thI t::O : :r \ . ;was intended amongst other things action by the ovemment will onlyto block SACfU's sixth annual con- strengthen this endorsement andference last week-end (see below). : . ake the boycott a complete:!JIIIII IIIIII IIII IIIII IIII I I IIIII II I III II I II I III I I I I I I III II II I I I I 1- --I Kenyatta'sVoice At; And The WheelsCairo Conference A tape-recorded message:: from Jomo Kenyatta .was ::§ played to the All-Afncan §§ People's Conference by Mr. §Begin 10 MoveMeanwhile the World Federation J ti n b? :de:ns d t 1thT eG nt 3e 'B ?:r n all delegates would work for gress, is actively working to ards fri : ty ;::pl ren hd o : :dec:-it n mit / r rdi § nate and organise actI ltles In sup-§ achieve peace and prosperity,§::.§ port of the South African struggleThe reproduction of the mes- :: against apartheid. s a n tem rel: r § Mr. Mboya blamed this on §§ "the British District Commis- §§ sioner, who was hovering over § h:e I re:e::':ti:stiona! Confederation of Free TradeUnions the British TUC and thetrade 'union centres of Nigeria, ibl:nt ee;;?:: di ': :u vi a : J inaB - Hd thfce that - K n St was eU till ng and e i; ;::.at.Idun ng Ju y nex h ge tJ1:h ea eriti r:!v r : mi e t o § ment likes it or not, no Gov- §with the South African trade union Kn::;;' l1 ml 1 it le rb eto :i at: s t; ;:: fvii e a i i§ Kenyatta."§ working class actionneeded to 1 l11ll1l1l1l11m assist the South African workers.---Dr. A. Letele, Dr. Y. M. Dadoo, Mr. Moses Mabhida and Mr.Ambrose Makiwane at the All-African People's Conference in Cairo.- - ---.:.- - - - -- - ----- -----SACTU BEATS THE BANSuccessful Conference Held in DurbanFrom M. P. Naicke.rbodies in the country, representinge to call upon all members of :t: i d:::tio 'P::D1 :ff ;530.000 workers in 51 affiliated tradeunions.May 1961 and to continue to workThe conference resolved.for the liberation of our country.MESSAGESistseaJ'cr ali e :raf;li rsie t n test to the Minister of Justice andSACTU's sixth conference reto demand the withdrawal of the ceived messages of supoprt fromtrade union federations in Cyprus,ban on SACTU meetings;German Democratic Republic, to send details of the ban to theFrance, Italy, Yugoslavia, the Sovietthe. United Nations and the Inter- Union, Zanzibar. Cuba, Burma, Ponational Labour Office;land, Finland, Indonesia, Ghana,e to call on fellow-workers Japan and Libya.The annual report prepared forThe three month ban on all throughout. the world to .demondelegates is an impressive record ofworkers' organising over the year.ence was due to open that day-but Unions. by taking .any action which Important developments in the ? rganising of unions for African mmers le s f rertt s :rtt r?ili ! I C n /i ;bbo c tlJ:, t r ii andfarm workers top the list ofachievements.afternoon of Thursday March 30 can goods;and the proceedings went on at i c ;e minutes toDURBAN.SACTU's sixth annual conference beat the ban imposed?D it .by the Government. WithIn mmutes of the news of theban coming through emergencyarrangements were made tobring the conference fonvard byone day-and this was done.The conference sat in all-nightsession. fj; damy,e rch fe toco f h l i an O ; %s thTr A SACTU official flew to Durbanto tie up conference arrangementsfor the early start ; Johannesburgdelegates were rushed to Durban byroad; and Durban delegates hastilyrounded up. Cape Town delegateshad, fortunately, already arrived.URGENT BUSINFSSThe agenda was slashed in halfand only urgent business tackled.The delegates settled down immediately to discuss the implications ofthe ban and how SACTU will workduring the next three months.At the end of the 'beat the ban'conference the Special Branch carried out a raid and took down thenames and addresses of all delegates and confiscated all documentsincluding copies of messages,minutes and resolutions.Despite the difficulties, the Credential Committee'S report showedthat the conference was very representative. There were 57 delegatesin all. Transvaal was represented by12 delegates and Cape Town byeight. Kimberley sent three delegates and the remainder were fromPietermaritzburg and Durban.The feeling of abhorr ence at themanner in which the conferencewas banned was expressed by sevedelegates inhard-hittingralspeeches.STEADY GROWTHA composite resolution statedtha t despite bannings, arrests, deportations and savage fines and sentences on workers who have taken f ik;e: :i fr A a la db;:j OUT FOR TH E COUNT!only twelve affiliated unions intoone of the major co-ordinating- MIi"" Ph)'lli:t AltIMD Nati ) - Executive Committee member ofSACTU. addresses the "Beat the an" conference J?urban l week. Stephen Dblamini, Natal Chairman of SACf U, IS in the chair.

NEW AGE, THU RSDAY, APRIL 6, 1961RIALIS TRULY(Continued from page 1)judges-their brilliant red robes a lmost the only splash of vivid colo urin the high room-take their placeson the high Bench.On Wednesday Ma rch 29 the f ormalities were as usual -but expectancy ran like an eleotric curre ntthroug h the court and was reflectedin the suppressed murmur as theentire public galle ry-Whites to theright of the judges, and Afr icans,India ns and Colo ureds to thei r left- leaned forward as one man tohear the presiding judge Mr. JusticeRu rnpff utter his first words.AdjournmentSix days earlier the judges ha dadjourn ed the proceeding s in themidst of the Defence argument onthe speeches the accused are allegedto have made at public meetingsbetween 1952 and 1956. Perhaps thesignificance of the adjournment waslost on the average onlooker-butnot on the accused . Once befo re thejudges had disturbed the routine ofthe trial by calling on the Crownto an swer the legal argument of theDefe nce.Now, with Advoca te'Br am' Fi scher just beginning hisdissection of the Crown evidence onthe speeches, the judges cut himshor t and took time off 'in order toshorte n the proceedings.' The De fence case on the African NationalCongress was not completed; theyhad still to argu e on the casea gainst the oth er Congress movements.So on Wednesday March 29 theaccused came to court with the irhearts beating wildly. Th eir friendsand r elatives an d stalwarts of th eCongress moveme nt who bad stoodby for over four years overflowed inthe public gallery.The D efence was so confidentthat even while th e judges were delivering their verdict, removal truckswere p arked in the street outside tocarry away the heavy tomes of evidence and records fro m a hous eover the road from th e court usedby the Def ence as their head quarters.IjThe EvidenceIThe jud ges found that the e\i -de l:rve e"0,:seeution ha d discharged the onus ofproving the policy of violence afthe African National Congress,which violent policy was the corn erstone of the Crown's case."If tb e case faw against theAfrican National Congress in theso-called conspiracy, it must failagainst the other organisations."It was therefore not necessa ry forthe Defence to arg ue further, forthe court had arr ived at a un animoll'S verdi ct.Normally the cou rt would set outreasons in full, bu t in view of themass of evidence in the trial an d asthe case had alrea dy consumedyears of evidence, the full reasonswould be given in du e cour se.Said the presiding judge at th isstage: "The accused will remainAfricanNation lI c s,w i ;d e r t T he form er accused vie with one anot her to cheer Advocate I. A. Maisels Q.C. , brilliant leader of thedefence team.judge sa id: "It is not necessary tohear you an y further."Mr. T ren gove for the Prosecution rose to his feet but from thegallery his words were an unclearmumble relatin g to the law onappeal, and the publi c hear d onlyMr . Justice Rumpff 's reply : " Yeswe unders tand that."The pr esiding judge then pro ceeded to rea d the unanimous decision of th e cour t.The jud ges had considered th eevidence pu t before the cour t andthe argum ents of the Defe nce, hesaid, an d though further argume ntwas still be ing addr essed to theThe first wo rds spoken by M r. court on the contents of theJu stice Rumpf! confirmed the opt i- speeches made by the accused thismism. To the leader of the Defence did not appear to affect ma teriallytea m Adv. I. A. Maisels QC the the issue of whether or not the pro -Unnecessaryof orga nisations includ ing the Afri·can National Cong ress, the South 11I!ft! Af rican Indian Con gress, the SACong ress of Democra ts, th e SAColoured People's Organisation andthe SA Congress of T rade Un ionshad a policy to overthr ow the stateby viol ence. It Wl S char ged thatthe y co-operate d to ach ieve thiscomm on purpose. Th e CongressAll iance was established and theaccu sed took a leadin g part in theactivi ties of the Allianc e. To pr ovethe existence of the conspir acy theProsecution ha d to prove the violent policy of the Co ngress Alliance.It al so had to pro ve the adherenceof each accuse d to the conspiracy,It was conceded by the prosecutionthat if it fa iled to pro ve the treasonable conspi rac y there was no caseagainst the accused.Because of the view taken by thejudges on the evidence it was notnecess ary to deal with the De fencearguments on the two witness rule,or on the lega l natur e of the overtacts alleged to have been committedby the accuse d .seated."He the n proceed ed to analys e theCr own case in the light of the indiotmen t.The Prosecution had charge d tha ,tthe first ove rt act of treason was aco nspira cy to overthr ow the stateby violence ; and against ea ch accused fu rt her overt acts were laid .The case fo r the Prosecution wasnot th at the accused came togetherand en tered into a treas ona bleagr eement , but that from October1952 to December 1956 a numberreplace the p resent form of statewith a radica lly different sta te basedon the dema nds of the Free domform of state pictured in th e FreeCha rter .dom Charter is a Communist sta te.th;'All ianc e tried to obtain t he demandsof the people which were presentedto the Congress of the Peopl e ax'which formed the basis of the Fre 5. After the adop tion of thedom Charter.Fre edom Char ter the Tra nsvaa l exe3. As part of its campai gn to 0 - cutive of the African N atio nal Con tain the dem and s of the people ant gress advocate d the repla cement oft

IT IS nrsr PLAIN COMMONSENSE. THE VERWOERD R OAD IS THE ROAD TO DISGRACE AND RUIN. THE FREEDOM CHARTER, BASED ON EQUAL RIGHTS FOR ALL, PROVIDES THE ONLY GUARANTEE OF PEACE AND HARMONY AMONGST ALL SECl10NS OF OUR PEOPLE. Where DoOur . from tOe