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General Marking Principles for National 5 English: Critical ReadingThis information is provided to help you understand the general principles you must apply whenmarking candidate responses to questions in this Paper. These principles must be read in conjunctionwith the detailed marking instructions, which identify the key features required in candidateresponses.(a)Marks for each candidate response must always be assigned in line with these General MarkingPrinciples and the Detailed Marking Instructions for this assessment.(b)Marking should always be positive. This means that, for each candidate response, marks areaccumulated for the demonstration of relevant skills, knowledge and understanding: they are notdeducted from a maximum on the basis of errors or omissions.The Marking Instructions indicate the essential idea that a candidate should provide for each answer.Page eleven

Marking Instructions for each questionSCOTTISH TEXT DRAMAQuestionExpected Answer(s)1.Candidates should show how theword choice and/or sentencestructure create the impressionthat Marie’s daily life is demanding.Max Additional GuidanceMark4 Examples of word choice include:(The volume/range of work she hasto do and the general lack ofresources is likely to be commentedupon.)One mark for selection of relevantquotation about word choice (1)One mark for appropriate comment(1)One mark for selection of relevantreference to sentence structure(1)One mark for appropriate comment(1)NB: Some candidates may chooseto comment on two examples fromeither word choice or sentencestructure. 4 marks can still beachieved in this way provided twoclear references to the text aremade and two clear separatecomments.use of plural on “irons” and “boards”(1) suggests volume of work (1)“piles” (1) suggests the scale of thework to be undertaken (1)“waiting to be smoothed” (1)(personification) suggests demandingnature of house work (1)Description of toys in different statesof repair (1) suggests the neverending cycle of pace of life (1)“swallowed up the year’s savings”(1)suggests money is tight(1)“pots and pans and steam ” (1)suggests the multiplicity of the tasksto be done (1)“always hot” (1) suggests therelentlessness of the chores (1)“furniture bald with age” (1) suggestslack of money (1)“gleaming clean” (1) suggests howhard Marie works/house proud (1)“never deserted” (1) suggests littlepeace (1)“too stuffed” (1) suggests it iscramped (1)“clutter of housework” (1) suggestsshe never gets to the end of her work(1)“picture of the virgin” (1) suggestsshe is religious (1)“blown-up photo” (1) suggestssentimentality (1)Page twelve

QuestionExpected Answer(s)Max Additional GuidanceMarkExamples of sentence structureinclude:repeated use of “It’s” (1) suggestsimmediacy of domestic life (1)use of complex sentences (1) suggeststhe scale of the work she does (1)use of semi-colons for expansion ofdetail (1) intensifies demandingnature of Marie’s remit (1)2.Deirdre’s words and actions createa bleak mood/atmosphere.Candidates should demonstrateunderstanding of this throughreference to and comment uponone aspect of the stage directionsand one aspect of her dialogue.4One mark for selection of relevantquotation about stage directions(1)One mark for appropriate comment(1)One mark for selection of relevantquotation about dialogue (1)One mark for appropriate comment(1)Examples of stage directionsinclude:“not in this room” (1) suggests she isan outsider (not part of community)(1)“crouching on all fours” (1) suggestsshe is afraid/or in a hostileenvironment (1)“darkness” (1) suggests bleakness (1)“only her face is visible” (1) suggestsmystery/concealment (1)“wary” (1) suggests suspicion/danger(1)“black-out” at the end of her speech(1) suggests she is an outsider/buildstension (1)Examples of dialogue include:“sun going down” (1) suggestsliterally lack of light/metaphoricallylack of hope (1)“sky is grey” (1) suggests bleakness/dullness/lack of interest (1)“hills green” (1) suggests acontrasting brighter setting (1)“I can’t hardly see them ” (1)suggests she is cut off from (more)appealing setting (1)“stones” (1) suggests coldness/harshness (1)Page thirteen

QuestionExpected Answer(s)Max Additional GuidanceMarkrepetition of “grey” (1) suggestsdrabness/hopelessness (1)“Somewhere a bird is singing” (1)suggests her environment lacksnatural beauty/suggests she knowsthere is something better elsewhere.(1)“ice cream van” (1) suggests anostalgia for the past (1)“helicopter overhead” (1) suggestsmilitary action/urban policing/crime(1)“I hear the ice cream van and thehelicopter overhead” (1) suggests thecontrast between daily life andextreme circumstances (1)3.(a)Candidates must identify Marie’sattitude, eg. she treats him kindly(1) OR is willing to discipline him(1).2Candidates might provide anexample of her kindness (1)an example of discipline (1)Quotation is not essential (but islikely). Two marks can still beachieved for identification ofMarie’s kindness and disciplinetowards Mickey.Examples of kindness include:asks him about the flavour of thecrisps he wanted (1)tells him he can swap them (1)deals with him immediately (“hurlsthe bag”) (1)she explains her decisions to him (1)Examples of discipline include:she restricts the intake of his food (1)she tells him to pick up the crisps (1)she tells him not to be “so bold” (1)Page fourteen

Question(b)Expected Answer(s)One mark for identification of/comment on Marie’s attitude – eg.she accepts that she has a lot ofwork to do/tries to do all herchores speedily/successfully.Max Additional GuidanceMark2 Examples of Marie’s efficiencyinclude:“starts two jobs simultaneously” (1)suggests competence/skill (1)Candidates should quote andcomment on any one aspect ofMarie’s efficiency.“First then” (1) suggests a logicalapproach to her tasks/running order(1)One mark for identification/comment(1)“needs ironing and what doesn’t” (1)suggests an economy ofeffort/doesn’t do needless jobs (1)One mark for relevant quotation (1)“sorts a few items then starts peelingpotatoes” (1) suggests the range oftasks to be undertaken (1)ORRelevant summary of Marie’sattitude (without quotation)towards her daily routine – up totwo marks.4.Candidates should identify areas ofdifficulty in the characters’ livesfrom this extract and elsewhere inthe play.Possible areas for comment are:the setting of the play is bleak andthere is the constant threat ofviolencethe women do not have a lot ofmoney and struggle to make endsmeetthe women do not have a malefigure at home to help them withfamily lifethe community in which they live isintrusive and there is a lack ofprivacythe women have committedimmoral acts which they hide fromothers“all her movements have a freneticefficiency” (1) suggests hercompetence in all respects (1)8Candidates may choose to answer inbullet points in this final question, orwrite a number of linked statements.There is no requirement to write a‘mini essay’.Up to 2 marks can be achieved foridentifying elements of commonalityas identified in the question.A further 2 marks can be achieved forreference to the extract given.4 additional marks can be awardedfor similar references to at least oneother part of the text by the writer.In practice this means:Identification of commonality (2)(eg: theme, central relationship,importance of setting, use ofimagery, development incharacterisation, use of personalexperience, use of narrative style, orany other key element )from the extract:the women have dreams andaspirations beyond what they cansecurePage fifteen1 x relevant reference to technique(1)1 x appropriate comment (1)OR

QuestionExpected Answer(s)Max Additional GuidanceMark1 x relevant reference to idea (1)1 x appropriate comment (1)OR1 x relevant reference to feature (1)1 x appropriate comment (1)OR1 x relevant reference to text (1)1 x appropriate comment (1)(maximum of 2 marks only fordiscussion of extract)from at least one other part of thetext:as above (x 2) for up to 4 marksPage sixteen

QuestionExpected Answer(s)5.Any two key pointsMaxMark2Additional GuidancePossible answers include: 1 mark for each oneCandidates are expected to usetheir own words 6.(a)Candidates should identify orcomment on an appropriate feeling(1)2This feeling should be supported byan appropriate quotation orreference (1)NB. ‘language’ may be wordchoice, sentence structure,punctuation, tone Page seventeenDavie comes home drunk (1)Alec is worried (1)Alec is annoyed (1)Alec complains about the stateof the house (1)Davie tries to defend the waythings are (1)Alec becomes frustrated thathis father will not move on withhis life and challenges him (1)Davie will not admit his interestin the woman he has met in thepub (1)Davie slaps Alec for hisrudeness/directness (1)Alec is left reflecting on theway his relationship with hisfather has changed/brokendown (1)Alec is trying to remembersomething but is unsure what itis (1)Possible answers include:Alec is feeling angry/frustrated/letdown (1)Evidence might include: Alec criticises the untidy/unclean house – “Look at thestate ae us”/“livin like bloodySteptoe and Son”/ “Place islike a midden”/ “When did welast gie it a good clean?”/“Needs gutted” (1) Alec is annoyed that theelectricity has been cut off –“Nae light” (1) Alec criticises Davie for goingto the pub instead of takingresponsibility – “ye go an getbevvied” (1) Alec is frustrated that Davieseems to like women but won’tcommit to a relationship –“That was no lady, that was areally nice person” (1) Alec’s sarcastic tone conveyshis frustration – stage direction(1)

QuestionExpected Answer(s)MaxMarkAdditional Guidance (b)Candidates should identify at leasttwo appropriate feelings4Evidence might include: Defends his lack of cleaning –“It’s hard son”/“It’s no easy onyer own” (1) Defensive with Alec when hementions going to the pub –“Ye’d think ah came in steaminevery night” (1) Feels he is entitled to a nightout – “Nae harm in it” (1) Emphasises that by repeating itin lines 7 and 15 (1) Cheerful when he remembersthe evening and the singing –“Wee sing song”/“That lassie’sa rare singer” (1) Angry with Alec at the end(perhaps because Alec’schallenge is uncomfortable forhim) – stage directions – “slapshim, exits” (1)Appropriate comment about feeling(1 mark)Alec’s state of mind should bejustified with reference to anexample of word-choice (1) Appropriate comment (1)Possible answers include:Davie is feeling upset/resigned/defensive/fleetingly positive orcheerful/ultimately angry (1) 1 mark can be awarded for onequotation or reference to languagetechnique7.Alec’s question reflects hisfrustration – “Why don’t ye justadmit that ye fancy her?” (1)4ANDAlec’s state of mind should bejustified with identification of afeature of sentence structure (1) Appropriate comment (1)Both word-choice and sentencestructure should be justified forfull marks.Page eighteenPossible answers include:Alec is confused/regretful (1) Word-choice: repetition of “somethin”/“something” (1) vaguenesssuggest he is confused/seekinganswers (1) “sometimes” (1) again suggestslack of pattern in his life/confusion (1) “lost” / “looking for” (1)suggests he is confused /seeking answers (1) language is mostly English (1) –he has moved on/changed anddoesn’t understand this/thinkshe no longer belongs (1)

QuestionExpected Answer(s)MaxMarkAdditional GuidanceSentence Structure: 3 questions (1) suggests he islooking for answers (1) Use of ellipsis (1) struggling tofind the words to finish thesentence (1) Short/abrupt sentence - “Godknows” (1) suggests he cannotwork out what has gone wrong(1) Series of short sentences/questions (1) thoughts are notflowing well/confused ideas (1)8.Candidates should identify the wayin which Alec has changed withreference to this extract and toelsewhere in the play.Both sides of the change (eg.working class to middle class/ usingScots to English/school touniversity) should be identified for1 mark.8Supporting evidence / comment foreach side can be rewarded with 1mark each. Alec has become more(openly) critical of hisfather/has lost respect forhim.He becomes increasinglymore responsible and mature.Alec becomes more distantfrom his father and more of acontrast to himUltimately, the roles reverseand Alec becomes more likethe father in the relationshipHowever, Alec still feelssomething is missing in his lifeExtract: Alec is critical of hisfatherElsewhere:At start of play Alec shows a lot ofrespect and admiration for hisfather especially in hisconversations with Ian in Act 1where he boasts of his dad’ssailmaking skills and shows off hisPage nineteenCandidates may choose to answer inbullet points in this final question, orwrite a number of linked statements.There is no requirement to write a‘mini essay’.Up to 2 marks can be achieved foridentifying elements of commonalityas identified in the question.A further 2 marks can be achieved forreference to the extract given.4 additional marks can be awardedfor similar references to at least oneother part of the text by the writer.In practice this means:Identification of commonality (2)(eg: theme, central relationship,importance of setting, use ofimagery, development incharacterisation, use of personalexperience, use of narrative style, orany other key element )from the extract:1x(1)1xOR1x1xOR1x1xOR1x1xrelevant reference to techniqueappropriate comment (1)relevant reference to idea (1)appropriate comment (1)relevant reference to feature (1)appropriate comment (1)relevant reference to text (1)appropriate comment (1)

QuestionExpected Answer(s)MaxMarkdad’s tools. He also has faith in hisfather that he will fix the yachtthat he also shows to Ian.Extract: Alec criticises his father’sdrinkingAdditional Guidance(maximum of 2 marks only fordiscussion of extract)from at least one other part of thetext:as above (x 2) for up to 4 marksElsewhere:Earlier in Act 1 Alec says to Davie‘You’ve been drinkin. I can smellit.’ But that is all he says – hesimply makes a statement; he doesnot criticise or antagonise Daviefurther about it.Extract: relationship is at itslowest point as Alec is very criticaland Davie ends up slapping himElsewhere:Earlier in Act 2 – Alec criticises hisdad’s cooking so there are signs ofthis side of Alec before nowEnd of play – Alec finally questionsDavie about why he gambles whichhe always just accepted beforeEnd of play – Alec tells Davie heplans to move outPrior to this event in the extract,Alec tells of a time Davie teasedhim about a girl to the extent Alecwas so angry he hit his father; thecomplete opposite of what hashappened here highlighting the rolereversalExtract: it is Alec who criticisesthe state of the houseElsewhere:Twice in Act 1 – at start and lateron – it is Davie who comments onthe state of the house – not Alecand Alec never responds showinghe had no interest/this wasn’t hisconcern beforeAlec also shows his maturity andsense of responsibility when heoffers Davie the money for theelectricity bill.It is also Alec who suggests burningthe furniture at the end of the playto keep warm, showing his abilityto present solutions to problemsPage twenty

QuestionExpected Answer(s)MaxMarkExtract: Alec still questions whathe has lost, what is missing fromhis lifeElsewhere:Earlier, Alec has similar thoughtsafter the argument with Davieabout his cookingAlso, earlier in the play, Alec turnsto religion to try to fill a gap in hislife and has doubts about hisreasons for his interest in thechurchPage twenty-oneAdditional Guidance

QuestionExpected Answer(s)9.Candidates should identify astereotype (1) then explain how it isshown to be false (1)(a)MaxMark4Additional Guidance x2 (b)Identification of reaction (1)Explanation/justification (1)2Rosinella says Italian men arewilling to work hard/no oneworks as hard as them (1)But Hughie is shown to beworking hard/Hughie isdescribed as “working like atrojan” (1)Rosinella says that “Nobodyloves their families like theItalians” (1)But Hughie is shown to love hismum by going home to sit withher (1) OR Bridget is willing tohelp her brother out with hiswedding preparations becausehis mum can’t (1)Rosinella criticises Hughie’sbrother (and in effect allScottish men) for drinking (1)But then Massimo reaches forthe wine (1) OR Hughie refusesa drink (1)Think it is funny (1)Think it is ironic (1)Think Rosinella is stupid/prejudiced for saying it (1)They might be angry (1)Any other appropriate audiencereaction accepted.Plus explanation (1)Page twenty-two

Question10. (a)Expected Answer(s)MaxMarkIdentify two examples of Rosinella’s2kindness/caringAdditional Guidance (b)Identify two examples of Rosinella’sunkindness/ unpleasantness2Offers Hughie food (1)Knows Rigatoni is Hughie’sfavourite (1)Gives Hughie money for apresent for his brother (1)Is interested in/asks aboutHughie’s family (1)Calls Hughie “son” (1)Suggests Hughie’s brother has gothis fiancée pregnant (1)Assumes Bridget is going out to seea man (1) but calls it ‘winching’ tocheapen it (1)Lucia is too scared to ask hersomething (to go to the wedding)(1)Suggests that Bridget will never getmarried (1)Suggests that Hughie’s brother willbe out drinking days after hiswedding (1)Doesn’t realise that neither Massimoor Lucia are interested in herconversation (1)Keeps insisting that she is ‘right’ inthe things she is saying (1)Rosinella makes prejudicedstatements (1)Page twenty-three

QuestionExpected Answer(s)11.Candidates are asked to identifytwo examplesMaxMark2Additional Guidance‘wee bit’/‘up the road’/‘winching’/‘up to �/‘son’/‘mammy’/‘give’s a hand’/‘Hang ona minute’/‘Help them out’/‘shooshes’Any two for 1 mark each12.Candidates should discuss howracism is explored in this extractand elsewhere in the play.8Possible answers may include:Rosinella’s comments fromelsewhere about Italians (alwayspositive) eg makes you special,makes you more attractive, etcRosinella’s comments fromelsewhere about Scots (usuallynegative) eg can’t look after theirchildren properly, allow their girlsto go out unsupervised, have loosermoral standards, etcRosinella’s racism towards Bridgetwhen she is dating FrancoRosinella’s racism towards Hughiewhen he is in love with LuciaThe treatment of Massimo by thepublic at the outbreak of war/whenhis shop is attackedThe treatment of the Italian peoplewho were taken during the warRosinella’s refusal to let go of whathappened to them during the warLucia’s mimicry of the schoolteacher showing the racism she hassufferedThere may be valid comments aboutthe war itself as an example ofNationalism becoming racismCandidates may choose to answer inbullet points in this final question,or write a number of linkedstatements. There is norequirement to write a ‘miniessay’.Up to 2 marks can be achieved foridentifying elements ofcommonality as identified in thequestion.A further 2 marks can be achie

the books we could read” (1) Page four Question Expected Answer(s) Max Mark . “helicopter parents” or “hover” suggests excessive proximity/involvement . undergoing training/goin