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DesignBends at the base of stacksSanitary pipework designBends at the base of vertical stacks should be of long radius and have aminimum centre line radius of 200mm on a 110mm nominal size stack.Two 45 radius bends may also be used as an alternative to provide thechange of direction and connection to the building drain. The samedesign principle should also be adopted where offsets occur in stacks ofone or more storey height.All sanitary pipework systems should be designed to satisfy the following regulations and standards where applicable. The Building Regulations 2010: Approved Document H, Section 1. The Building Standards Technical Handbook (Scotland) 2010: Part M. The Building Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2000, Technical Handbook N. BS EN 12056: 2000, Parts 1 to 5.Regular consultation is essential between Architects and Plumbing Engineers throughout the building design stage as the careful arrangement ofkitchen and bathroom appliances will simplify the final sanitary pipework layout. This will help to ensure that an efficient sanitary pipework systemis installed at minimum cost.min 200mmradiusWhere pipework is suspended in a ceiling void or car park, it isrecommended that two 45 solvent weld bends are used with a shortpiece of pipe between to ensure the radius exceeds that required.long radius bendUBL488The design information provided in this catalogue is endorsed in the above publications and while every effort has been made to ensure accuracy,no responsibility can be accepted for errors or omissions. For detailed guidance please consult the relevant documents referred to above.Methods of jointingWhile the principal method of jointing 82, 110 and 160mm PVCu pipes and fittings is push-fit, manycomponents in the PCVu range are also available with sockets that allow for solvent weld jointing.This particular technique is widely used on smaller diameter waste and overflow pipework althoughexpansion and copper adaptor couplings include a push-fit joint to allow for thermal movement.SWS415/41boss pipeBranches at the base of stackssolventweld jointAs polypropylene cannot be solvent welded, the push-fit method of jointing is used throughoutthe system.push-fitjointMarley dBlue is a push-fit acoustic drainage systemHDPE can be jointed using one of the following methods: Electrofusion; Butt welding; Plug in,expansion or flange joints.For single dwellings up to three storeys high, the distance between thecentre line of the lowest branch connection and the invert of the drainshould be at least 450mm. For multi-storey systems up to five storeyshigh, the minimum distance should be 740mm and for systems higherthan five floors no connections are permissible at ground floor level.Where this occurs a separate stub stack should be provided to serve theground floor or individual appliances should have their own separateconnection to the building drain.UBL488 or2 – UB455 bendsLThermal movementThe coefficient of linear expansion for PVCu is 0.06mm/m/ C. As a result a 3m length ofpipe will increase in length by approximately 3.6mm when subjected to a 20 C temperaturevariation. Therefore, it is important to ensure that any movement is controlled and push-fitjoints are installed to accommodate any expansion that may occur due to increases in ambienttemperature or hot water discharges.L 450mm up to three storeys highL 740mm up to five storeys highL one storey height, over five storeysSizing of soil stacksMaterial and manufactureIt is recommended that the guidance given within BS EN 12056, part 2 be adopted when sizing soilstacks. Marley Technical Services Department offer design and installation advice, including the sizingof soil stacks, for customers who use or specify Marley Plumbing & Drainage products.Marley Plumbing & Drainage pipes and fittings for domestic sanitarypipework systems are manufactured from different plastics materialsincluding PVCu, PVCc, ABS and Polypropylene.Soil stack capacityThe table right details the important dimensions and weights of eachof the systems together with the relevant British and European Standard.All pipes are manufactured using a continuous extrusion process andfittings are produced by high-pressure injection moulding.The capacity of a soil stack can be increased by the installation of a secondary ventilated stack. Thefollowing information is taken from tables 11 & 12 of BS EN 12056-2: 2000 which illustrates this increase.Chemical and temperature resistancePrimary ventilated stackStack size(mm)Maximum capacity (l/s)Swept entries82Secondary ventilated stackStack size(mm)Secondary vent Maximum capacity (l/s)(mm)Swept ondary ventilated stack8 MARLEY Soil & Waste SystemsAll documentation is available to download from marley.co.uk Technical hotline: 01622 852695Dimensions and weightsPipeMaterialStandardBS nominalsize (mm/inch)MinMaxWallthickness(mm) MinWeightkg/metreSoil PVCuBS 45148282.482.83.201.30BS EN 0.35Polypropylene34/1¼34.4034.801.800.21BS EN .11Most plastics used for sanitary pipework are highly resistant to thosechemicals normally found in domestic waste water and sewerage systems.For applications where chemical discharges are likely to occur, the MarleyAkatherm HDPE drainage range may be more suitable.BS EN 1566Generally the maximum working temperature of Marley PVCu, dBlue& HDPE soil and waste systems when subjected to continuous flow is70 C and 75 C respectively. Higher intermittent discharges of up to95 C may be accommodated by PVCu, dBlue & HDPE provided theperiod of discharge does not exceed one minute duration.WasteAlternatively, reference can be made to ISO publications TR10358& TR7620 which provide comprehensive information on chemicaland temperature resistance of plastics and rubber materials.BS EN 806-4BS EN 1455-1OverflowPVCuMARLEY Soil & Waste Systems 9

DesignStub stacksOffsets in the wet portion of a discharge stackshould be avoided wherever possible butwhere they have to be fitted a large radius ortwo 45 bends should be used to create eachchange of direction. Offsets in lightly loadedstacks up to three storeys high do not requireoffset venting but on multi-storey buildings thismay be necessary depending on the loadingof the stack and the numbers of floors abovethe offset. The principles previously describedfor bends and branches at the base of a stackshould also be applied.An unventilated stub stack terminated with anaccess fitting may be used to connect a groupof ground floor appliances to the building drainprovided the vertical drop to the invert levelof the drain does not exceed 1.5m from a WCand 2.5m from a waste appliance. Where oneor more stub stacks are connected to the samedrain, the head of the run should be ventilatedto atmosphere or air admittance valves fitted toeach stub stack arrangement.SE40access capThis technique is often used to connect isolatedground floor waste appliances such as basins,baths, shower trays and sinks to eliminate exposedpipework or low level ducting. The 110mmunventilated PVCu drain is terminated at finishedfloor level with a reducer and boss adaptor to suitthe size of waste from the appliance.SA411/421/42032mm/40mmor 50mmboss connectorSRM402eccentric reducerThe gradient of a branch pipe should beuniform and adequate to drain the pipe andappliance efficiently. A minimum gradient of18mm/metre should be adopted for 32, 40 and50mm nominal size pipes but larger diameter82, 110 and 160mm branch runs may be laidflatter at 9mm/metre fall where the dischargeflow rate exceeds 2.5litres/second.SY401 Equal BranchTop & side wasteconnectionsfor maximumflexibility, evenin tight spaces.Design preventsany danger ofcross-flow.Branch pipe lengthsHole cutter locatorSWS415/41boss pipeStub wasteBranch pipe gradients8-way collar bossFactory fitted, airtested joint ensuringlong term integrity.61mmThe following information is taken from Table 8of BS EN 12056: 2: 2000 and provides generalguidance on the recommended lengths ofunventilated branch pipes for a variety ofsanitary appliances.No need for pipe to be cuton site, saving installationtime. Comes completewith pre-chamfered spigottail for easy jointing.SY401branchSCBL41 – 350mmLong spigot tail,accommodating virtuallyall floor thicknesses.long radiusbend UBL488Dia (mm)Min.trap sealdepth (mm)Max. lengthof pipe (m)Washbasin or bidet32751.72.200Washbasin or bidet40753.01.8 to 4.420AppliancesSFC44 fire collar,SFW44 pipe wrap canbe used within thefloor slab.2.5mmax1.5mmaxCrescent flush actuation plate, Multikwik Sanitary SystemsOffsets in stacksSC41 clip fittedaround socket.UB411bendPipe gradient (%)Max. bends (No.)Max. drop H (m)Bath or shower4050No limit1.8 to 9.0No limit1.5Bowl urinal40753.01.8 to 9.0No limit1.5Trough urinal50753.01.8 to 9.0No limit1.5Kitchen sink4075No limit1.8 to 9.0No limit1.5Dishwasher or washingmachine40753.01.8 to 4.4No limit1.5WC11050No limit1.8 minNo limit1.5The maximum lengths given above may be increased where the branch pipe is ventilated or an air admittance valve is used. For further details refer tothe above standard.Prevention of cross-flowWhere small diameter branch waste pipesconnect to a discharge stack they must bearranged to eliminate the risk of cross-flow fromone branch to the other. A branch creates ano entry zone for opposing waste connections,which varies depending on the stack diameter.No connections should be made within therestricted zone although entry is permissibleon the centre line of the boundary directlyopposite or at right angles.Stack size(mm)82110160Height of zone 'H'(mm)90110250To prevent cross-flow from a large diameterbranch to a smaller waste connection, the lattershould be made to the stack at or above thecentre line of the largerbranch, at right angles orat least 200mm below therestricted zone. Entry ispermissible on the boundarycentre line directly oppositeor at right angles.SWS40boss pipeThe Marley Collar Boss was specifically designed to overcome installation problems imposedby the 200mm restricted zone and to allow multiple low level bath or shower waste pipes to beconnected to the stack above floor level. Cross-flow is prevented as the circular annular chamberprotects the small diameter waste connections from the WC discharge allowing waste water toflow freely and merge below the critical zone.Different combinations of 110mm branches can be used with the collar boss to accommodatevarious WC positions which may be up to 3 metres from the vertical stack.SY401branchHHSA421boss adaptorSY405branchSCB41collar bossSA421boss connector‘H’ 200mm irrespective of stack diameter10 MARLEY Soil & Waste SystemsMARLEY Soil & Waste Systems 11

DesignCombined branch wasteA combined branch waste is often used toconnect a bath and/or shower and basin to thedischarge stack as this allows waste pipeworkto be neatly concealed in a low level duct.Where this technique is adopted a 45 entry teemust be used to ensure the basin discharge isswept in the direction of flow towards the stack.The minimum distance between the bath orshower and basin connection should not be lessthan 500mm and it is recommended that ananti-syphon bottle trap is fitted to the basin ora vent provided to protect the appliance fromself-syphonage.It is recommended that the distance of thecombined waste does not exceed 3 metres,however, experience has shown that longer runsusing 40 or 50mm pipework has proved successfulprovided adequate fall can be obtained to ensureself-cleansing velocity is maintainedWC manifold systemWaste trapsGenerally appliances such as sinks, baths andshowers do not suffer from self-syphonageas the trap seal is replenished at the endof the discharge due to the flat bottomdesign of the appliance. Tubular traps arerecommended for such appliances as theyensure unrestricted discharge and reduce therisk of blockage and prevent the accumulationof sediment. C ompression jointed polypropylene trapscan be taken apart to remove a blockageor gain access to the waste system R ange includes P-traps, S-traps, bottletraps, bath & shower traps and differentconfigurations for washing machines,dishwashers, 1½ or 2 bowl sinks White with multiple seal depthsThe Multikwik anti-vac bottle trap, B032V/ B040V, was specially developed to preventself-syphonage from basins, which can occurparticularly where the waste pipe dropsvertically from the appliance before falling atan even gradient to the discharge stack.The trap also eliminates the need for asecondary vent pipe where basins are locatedfurther than the recommended 3m maximumfrom the stack. Non-mechanical, the trapoperates as air is drawn in through a by-passtube to eliminate any syphonic action andensure the trap seal is maintained.Developed for use in sanitary pipework systemsin schools, hospitals, public and commercialbuildings, the manifold system allows rangesof toilets to be connected to a horizontal floatabove floor level and eliminate the need forspecially fabricated fittings.The components are suitable for installation ina duct, or for fitting on the surface of the walldirectly behind the pan. Where the manifoldis fitted directly behind the range of toilets,The P1940 low level shallow trap has a

Marley Plumbing and Drainage system solutions is available to download from marleypd.co.uk or via the literature hotline 01622 852585. BS EN ISO 9001:2008 BS EN ISO 14001:2004. 4 PVCu soil & waste systems 5 Commercial applications 6 Key components. Design. 8 Stack design 11 Design of waste systems 12 Waste traps 12 WC manifold system