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MACE:Medication AideCertification ExamLinda WhitentonMarty Walker

MACE Exam Cram: Medication Aide Certification ExamCopyright 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved. No part of this book shall be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of theinformation contained herein. Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of thisbook, the publisher and author assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. Nor is any liabilityassumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.ISBN-13: 978-0-7897-4960-4ISBN-10: 0-7897-4960-2Associate PublisherDave DusthimerAcquisitions EditorBetsy BrownDevelopment EditorEleanor C. BruManaging EditorSandra SchroederLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is on file.Printed in the United States of AmericaFirst Printing: January 2013TrademarksAll terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have beenappropriately capitalized. Pearson IT Certification cannot attest to the accuracy of this information.Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark orservice mark.Warning and DisclaimerEvery effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurate as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied. The information provided is on an “as is” basis. The authors and thepublisher shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to anyloss or damages arising from the information contained in this book or from the use of the CD orprograms accompanying it.Project EditorMandie FrankCopy EditorKeith ClineIndexerKen JohnsonProofreaderSarah KearnsTechnical EditorsSteve PicrayPat ReinhartBulk SalesPearson IT Certification offers excellent discounts on this book when ordered in quantity for bulkpurchases or special sales. For more information, please contactU.S. Corporate and Government or sales outside of the U.S., please contactInternational Salesinternational@pearsoned.comPublishing CoordinatorVanessa EvansMedia ProducerTony PalleschiBook DesignerAlan ClementsCompositorTrina Wurst

Contents at a GlanceIntroduction1Part I: Orientation and Basic ConceptsCHAPTER 1:What You Need to Know to Prepare for the Medication Aide CertificationExamination (MACE)13Part II: Authorized DutiesCHAPTER 2:The Roles and Responsibilities of the Medication Aide31Part III: Medication Administration, Observation, and ReportingCHAPTER 3:Pharmacology Review51CHAPTER 4:Drug Orders, Forms, Measurements, and Handling61Part IV: Administering MedicationsCHAPTER 5:Administering Medication Safely77CHAPTER 6:Medication Administration Procedures and Techniques93Part V: Medication Effects on Body Systems: Implications for CareCHAPTER 7:Medications Affecting the Cardiovascular System117CHAPTER 8:Medications Affecting the Respiratory System143CHAPTER 9:Medications Affecting the Digestive System157CHAPTER 10:Antibiotics and Other Anti-Infective Agents175CHAPTER 11:Medications Affecting the Urinary System193CHAPTER 12:Medications Affecting the Musculoskeletal System209CHAPTER 13:Medications Affecting the Central Nervous System223CHAPTER 14:Medications Affecting the Endocrine System251CHAPTER 15:Medications for the Eye and Ear263CHAPTER 16:Medications Used in the Treatment of Cancer275CHAPTER 17:Medications Used to Treat Mental Health Disorders287

Part VI: Practice ExamsPractice Exam I301Practice Exam I Rationales311Practice Exam II317Practice Exam II Rationales327Part VII: AppendixesAPPENDIX A: Medication Administration Skills Performance Checklist333APPENDIX B: Arithmetic Review: Weights and Measures337APPENDIX C: Herbals, Vitamins, and Minerals341APPENDIX D: To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health System343Glossary351Index375

Table of ContentsIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1NCSBN: Test Plan / Content Outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Sample Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Correct Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Sample Notes from VA: Pretest Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Sample Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Examination Content Outline and Reference Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Content Outline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Applying for Registration and Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Exam Cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10How to Use This Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Contact the Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Part I: Orientation and Basic ConceptsChapter 1:What You Need to Know to Prepare for the Medication Aide CertificationExamination (MACE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Testing Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Answering the Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Self-Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Exam-Prep Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Rationales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Part II: Authorized DutiesChapter 2:The Roles and Responsibilities of the Medication Aide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Your Roles and Responsibilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Roles and Responsibilities of Other Nursing Team Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33The Role of UAPs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Exclusions to the MA-C Role (Legal Limitations) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Accepting Delegated Duties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Medication Administration Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Medical Error Prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Effective Communication Regarding Medication Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Verbal Communication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Written Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Specific Ethical and Legal Issues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Residents’ Rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Ethics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Exam-Prep Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Rationales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Part III: Medication Administration, Observation, and ReportingChapter 3:Pharmacology Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Drug Classifications and Drug Names. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Drug Actions and Implications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Drug Metabolism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Factors Influencing Drug Effectiveness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Drug Interactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Drug Side Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Selected Drug Information Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Exam-Prep Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Rationales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60Chapter 4:Drug Orders, Forms, Measurements, and Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Drug Orders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Common Medical Terminology, Dosages, and Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Drug Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Drug Packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Drug Storage and Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Drug Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Drug Forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Solids and Semisolids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Liquids and Semiliquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69