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ANARCHISM MOVEMENT AS DEPICTED IN ERIN GRUWELL’STHE FREEDOM WRITERS DIARYSubmitted to the Department of Language Studies, InPartial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree ofMaster of EducationGraduate School of Universitas Muhammadiyah SurakartaBy:Luqman HakimS 200 140 079DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE STUDIESGRADUATE SCHOOLUNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA2016

NOTE OF ADVISOR IDr. M. Thoyibi, M.S.The lecturer of the Graduate Program of Language StudiesUniversitas Muhammadiyah SurakartaOfficial Note on This Student’s ThesisDearThe Director of the Graduate Program of Universitas Muhammadiyah SurakartaAssalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh,Having read, examined, corrected and necessarily revised the thesis of:Name: Luqman HakimNIM: S200140079Focus: LiteratureTitle: “ANACHISM MOVEMENT AS DEPICTED IN ERINGRUWELL’S THE FREEDOM WRITERS DIARY”I access that this thesis is approved to be examined by the board of examiners inthe Graduate Program of Language Studies, Universitas MuhammadiyahSurakarta.Wassalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi WabarakatuhSurakarta, December 22th, 2016Advisor IDr. M. Thoyibi, MS.ii

NOTE OF ADVISOR IIDr. Abdillah Nugroho, M. HumThe lecturer of the Graduate Program of Language StudiesUniversitas Muhammadiyah SurakartaOfficial Note on This Student’s ThesisDearThe Director of the Graduate Program of Universitas Muhammadiyah SurakartaAssalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh,Having read, examined, corrected and necessarily revised the thesis of:Name: Luqman HakimNIM: S200140079Focus: LiteratureTitle: “ANACHISM MOVEMENT AS DEPICTED IN ERINGRUWELL’S THE FREEDOM WRITERS DIARY”I access that this thesis is approved to be examined by the board of examiners inthe Graduate Program of Language Studies, Universitas MuhammadiyahSurakarta.Wassalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi WabarakatuhSurakarta, December 22th, 2016Advisor IIDr. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Humiii

A THESISANARCHISM MOVEMENT AS DEPICTED IN ERINGRUWELL’S THE FREEDOM WRITERS DIARYBy:Luqman HakimS200140079Approved to be examined byFirst ConsultantSecond ConsultantDr. M. Thoyibi, MS.Dr. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum.iv

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STATEMENT OF AUTHENTICITYName: Luqman HakimNIM: S200140079Faculty: Post Graduate ProgramDepartment: English Language StudyFocus: LiteratureThesis Title: “ANARCHISM MOVEMENT AS DEPICTED IN ERINGRUWELL’S THE FREEDOM WRITERS DIARY”Herewith I state and declare that this thesis is my original work. Every word orstatement taken from the references is treated as quotation and excerpt in whichthe name of the authors and the publishers are stated. I am completely responsiblefor its content. If there are any other writer’s opinions for findings included in thisthesis, and is indicated as plagiarism; I will accept the full consequences,including degree cancellation given by Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.Surakarta, December 22th, 2016vi

MOTTO“To endure short-lived difficulties that are followed by long lasting ease, is betterthan hurrying for a short-lived ease that is followed by ever-lasting hardship.”(Al-Hasan Al-Basree: Al-Hilyah, 2/134)“The effect of learning in early age is like engraving on a stone.”(Imam Al-Hasan Al-Basree: Bahjat Al-Majaalis, 1/109)“There is no goodness in people who don’t give advice, and there is no goodnessin people who don’t like to be advised.”(Umar Ibn Al-Khattaab radiyAllahu'anhu: Risaalat Al-Mustarshideen, 71)“The Messenger ( )ﷺ did not even leave a bird flapping its wings in the skyexcept that he gave us knowledge regarding it.”(Abu Dharr radiyAllahu'anhu: At-Tabarani in 'Mu'jam al-Kabir')vii

DEDICATIONI dedicate this thesis whole heartedly to:o My Beloved WIFE, APRILIA FITRI FOR YOUR RESTLESS SUPPORT;MY BEAUTIFUL DAUGHTER, SARAH ABIDAH FOR YOUR SMILETHAT ENCOURAGES ME TO KEEP WORKING ON THIS THESISo My Beloved PARENTS, MUHAMMAD FARUQ AND ROFIQOHWHO GIVE SUPPORT AND PRAY FOR mE.o My Beloved college mates ESPECIALLY FOR THOSE WHOFIGHT ON THE SAME BATTLEFIELDviii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTAlhamdulillahirobbil’alamin, first and foremost, I bend my knees to praisemy Lord, Allah jalla wa ‘alla for giving me blessing, health, power, inspiration,and leading me to the completion of this thesis.There were many parties who were involved in this research. In thisopportunity, I would like to express my gratitude to all parties who have helpedme in finishing this research.1. Prof. Dr. Bambang Setiaji., the rector of Universitas MuhammadiyahSurakarta,2. Prof. Dr. H. Khuzaifah Dimyati., the director of the Graduate Program ofUniversitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta,3. Prof. Dr. Markhamah., the head of the Graduate Program of LanguageStudies of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta,4. Dr. M. Thoyibi, M.S., the first advisor, and Dr. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum,the second advisor, and also the third examiner who gave their time forguidance and assistance in completing this thesis,5. All lecturers of the Graduate Program of the English Language Studies ofUniversitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta who cannot be mentioned one by one6. My beloved parents, Muhammad Faruq and Rofiqoh; and my wife; ApriliaFitri Efnurita and my daughter; Sarah Abidah who always give me love,support, and pray for me,ix

7. My beloved workmates in Imam Bukhari Boarding School of Surakarta,especially for the Lajnah Kesetaraan Crew (Ustadz Fatullah, Didik, AbdulHadi, and Ammar Sholeh) and also my principle, ustadz Agus Santoso8. All of my friends from Class A of English Language Studies of UniversitasMuhammadiyah Surakarta 2015, Pak Pitoyo, Mbak Nurma, Pak Ali, MakNing, Bu Roma, Bu Tyas, Bu Lely, Bu Hajah, Mbak Ani, UstadzunaSyehrudin, Mas Popo, Mas Duo AN (Anugerah and Anang), Mas Darmantoand Mbak Azizah who share their joy, wisdom and lend me a hand during thefight.9. And everyone who cannot be mentioned one by one for their help andcontribution in finishing this long hard work.Hopefully, God gives hisblessing to them. Amin.I hope that the current study can give additional information for furtherresearchers who are interested in conducting a research concerning withtranslation studies field.Surakarta, December 22,2016Luqman Hakimx

ABSTRACTLuqman Hakim. (2016). “ANARCHISM MOVEMENT IN ERIN GRUWELL’STHE FREEDOM WRITERS DIARY”. Thesis. Graduate Program of LanguageStudies. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.Erin Gruwell’s The Freedom Writers Diary is a book which highlights theproblem that occurs in American education. It does not just shows the reader howthe education is run, but it presents the social condition of the education itself. Itrelates with some notable issues namely inequality, racial tension and classstruggle which then were explored with Anarchism perspective. Therefore thisresearch investigates what characteristics and indicators of Anarchism aredescribed in the Freedom Writers Diary, how the depiction of Anarchism isdescribed, and how the effect of the Freedom Writers Diary to the larger society isrevealed. In conducting this research, this research applied descriptive qualitativeresearch. The data of this research was taken from the dialogues and statements inthe book and from other sources. The instrument of this research is the researcherhimself who collects, analyzes, and presents the data findings of the research thendraws the conclusions. The result of the analysis shows: (1) The anarchismcharacteristics in the Freedom Writers Diary are Liberty, Equality and Solidarity.(2) There are eight indicators of characteristics of Anarchism. (3) The Anarchismis depicted in the Freedom Writers Diary through the plot, character andcharacterization and the author’s style. (4) The release of the Freedom WritersDiary gives some effect to the larger society, it encourages the rise of tolerance andawareness of disadvantaged students.Keywords: Anarchism, Education, Freedom Writersxi

INTISARILuqman Hakim. (2016). “ANARCHISM MOVEMENT IN ERIN GRUWELL’STHE FREEDOM WRITERS DIARY”. Tesis. Program Pascasarjana MagisterPengkajian Bahasa Inggris. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.The Freedom Writers Diary adalah sebuah karya non-fiksi yang ditulis olehthe Freedom Writers, sekelompok siswa dari Woodrow Wilson SMA di LongBeach, California, dan guru mereka Erin Gruwell. The Freedom Writers Diarymerupakan sebuah buku yang terdiri dari kumpulan jurnal berisi masalah dari masalalu mereka, sekarang dan masa depan. Sumber data primer adalah the FreedomWriters Diary itu sendiri sedangkan data sekunder adalah berbagai data daninformasi, buku atau penelitian – penelitian sebelumnya terhadap buku tersebut.Berbagai data baik dari data primer maupun sekunder di kumpulkan dalam bentukdokumen sebagai bagian pembuktian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hal – halsebagai berikut; (1) 3 karakteristik anarkisme di the Freedom Writers Diary. (2)Ada 8 indikator yang menunjukkan karakteristik Anarkisme dalam buku harian ini.(3) Penggambaran Anarkisme yang dapat ditemukan di the Freedom WritersDiary. (4) Efek dari rilisnya the Freedom Writers Diary bagi masyarakat.Kata Kunci:Anarchism, Education, Freedom Writersxii

TABLE OF CONTENTSTITLE .iNOTE OF ADVISOR I .iiNOTE OF ADVISOR II .iiiAPPROVAL SHEET .ivAPPROVAL OF THESIS SUBMISSION .vSTATEMENT OF AUTHENTICITY .viMOTTO .viiDEDICATION .viiiACKNOWLEDGMENTS . ixABSTRACT .xiINTISARI .xiiTABLE OF CONTENTS .xiiiCHAPTER I INTRODUCTION .1A. Background of the Study .1B. Limitation of the Study.5C. Problem Statements .5D. Objectives of the Study. . .6E. Benefits of the Study. .6F. Previous Studies .7CHAPTER II LITERARY REVIEW .11A. Anarchism .11xiii

1. Anarchism and Human Nature .142. The Characteristics of Anarchism .15a. Liberty .16b. Equality .18c. Solidarity .203. Authority.22B. Theoretical Framework .23CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD .24A. Type of the Study.24B. Object of the Study.24C. Type of the Data and the Data Source .25D. Technique of the Data Collection .25E. Technique of the Data Analysis .26CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION .27A. The Characteristics of Anarchism.271. Liberty .292. Equality .333. Solidarity .41B. The Depiction of Anarchism .481. Plot .492. Character and Characterization .533. Style .60a. Diction .60xiv

b. Sentence Structure and Syntax .62c. Figurative Language .63C. The Effect of the Freedom Writers to Larger Society .641. The application of Freedom Writers Methodology in USA652. The Rise of Tolerance among Students across USA .673. The Rise of Awareness for At Risk Student .69CHAPTER V CONCLUSION .72A. Conclusion .72B. Pedagogical Implication .73C. Suggestion .73BIBLIOGRAPHIES .75APPENDIXES78. .xv

The Freedom Writers Diary adalah sebuah karya non-fiksi yang ditulis oleh the Freedom Writers, sekelompok siswa dari Woodrow Wilson SMA di Long Beach, California, dan guru mereka Erin Gruwell. The Freedom Writers Diary merupakan sebuah buku yang terdiri dari kumpulan jurnal beris