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Rigpa Tibetan and Sanskrit GlossarygelonggelugpagenyengeshéGeshé ChekhawaGeshé LangriTangpagetsulgetsulmagewé shenyengokpaGolokgompagompa gyatsochokshyakgön khanggong dzokgong tergongpagönpogowaGuhyagarbha (Skt)GunaprabhaGuru RinpochegutorGyalsé ShenpenThayéVersion 2Adam Pearceyfully ordained monkone of the four major schools of TibetanBuddhismTibetan for upasaka, lay practitioner (notethe female form is genyenma)holder of the highest award in buddhistphilosophygreat Tibetan master of 12th century whotaught tonglenauthor of Eight Verses of Training the Mind“novice” monk“novice” nuna spiritual friendcessationa region of Eastern TibetmonasteryMeditation, like the ocean, leave it as it isprotectors temple“fulfilment of vision” after the death of agreat mastermind termaenlightened vision, wisdom mind(i) lord, protector; (ii) Mahakala(theoretical) understanding“Secret Essence”, name of a major tantragreat Indian master, one of the so-called “sixornaments”Guru Padmasambhavaday for averting negativity before the newyear(1740-1800?) great master connected withDzogchen Monastery and author of acommentary on Riwo Sangchö10February 2004

Rigpa Tibetan and Sanskrit Glossarygyalwa ka yi lamaGyalwangKarmapagyenGyü LamaGyuma Ngalsogyuma ringpogyun kyongGyü SangwéNyingpoGyütölama of the buddhas’ teachings, one of thefour kinds of lamahead of the kagyü schoolliterally “ornament” or “adornment”Tibetan for Uttaratantra Shastra, a text byMaitreya/Asanga on buddha nature“Finding Comfort and Ease in Illusion” byLongchenpaliterally “long intestine/sausage”, slowworkermaintain the continuityTibetan for the Guhyagarbha tantramonastery famous for its chanting styleHHaribhadraHayagrivahedewaheruka (Skt)Hevajrahinayana (Skt)name of a great eighth century Indian mastername of a wrathful deitywonderment, transfixed in wonderwrathful deitytantra of the anuttarayoga classthe basic or fundamental vehicleIIndrabhutiKing of OddiyanaJja lüja lü phowa chenpoJambudvipa (Skt)Jamgön KongtrulVersion 2Adam Pearceyrainbow bodygreat transference into rainbow body“rose-apple continent”, our continentaccording to Buddhist cosmology(1813-1899) great Tibetan master, compiler of11February 2004

Rigpa Tibetan and Sanskrit GlossaryLodrö TayéJampal ShenyenJampal TsenjöJamyang KhyentseChökyi LodröJamyang KhyentseWangpojataka (Skt., Pali)jé nangJé RinpocheJikmé KhyentseRinpocheJikmé LingpaJikmé Trinlé Özerjinsekjñana (Skt)jñanasattva (Skt)Jñanasutrajok gomJonangpajönpoJowo Rinpochefive treasuresTibetan name for MañjushrimitraTibetan for Mañjushri-nama-sangiti,“Reciting the Names of Mañjushri”(1896-1959) root teacher of Sogyal Rinpochegreat Tibetan master (1820-1892)accounts of the Buddha’s previous livesauthorisation, a simple form ofempowermentrespectful name for Tsongkhapa (1357-1419)contemporary Tibetan master based inFrance(1729-1798) revealer of the LongchenNyingtik(1745-1821) great Tibetan master, FirstDodrupchenfire puja, ritual practice of offering into fire(primordial) wisdom“wisdom being”, pure form of a deity that isinvoked and merges with the samayasattvadisciple of Shri Singhasettling or placement meditationschool of Tibetan Buddhismcapablestatue of buddha Shakyamuni in LhasaKkaka chökadakKadampakagyéVersion 2Adam Pearceyword of the Buddhathe teachingsprimordial purityschool of Tibetan Buddhism founded byAtisha and his disciple Dromtönpa“eight logos” deities12February 2004

Rigpa Tibetan and Sanskrit GlossaryKagyüone of the four major schools of TibetanBuddhismKalachakra“Wheel of Time” tantrakalpa (Skt)aeonKalu Rinpochegreat Tibetan master of recent timesKalzang Gompamonastery associated with Tertön Sogyalkamateachings of the Nyingma passed down in along transmission, distinct from termaKamalashilagreat eighth century Indian scholar anddisciple of Shantarakshitakanglingsmall trumpetKangyurcollection of the word of the Buddha inTibetan translationKangyur Rinpoche great Tibetan master (1897-1975)kapala (Skt)bowl made from the top of a skullkarchakindex to a textKarma Lingpagreat Tibetan master, revealer of TibetanBook of the DeadKarmapahead lama of the Kagyü schoolkatakwhite (ceremonial) scarf used for greetingKathokNyingma monasteryKatyayanadisciple of Buddha Shakyamuniké chik dren dzok“complete the moment you think of it”KhamEastern TibetKhamtrul Rinpoche contemporary Tibetan masterKhandro NyingtikDzogchen teachings taught byPadmasambhavaKhandro Tseringspiritual wife of Jamyang Khyentse ChökyiChödrönLodrö, Sogyal Rinpoche’s auntkhatvanga (Skt)tridentkhenchengreat khenpoKhenpo Apéone of Sogyal Rinpoche’s tutorsKhenpo JikphunKhenpo Jikmé Phuntsok, incarnation ofTertön Sogyal based in Larung Gar, TibetVersion 2Adam Pearcey13February 2004

Rigpa Tibetan and Sanskrit GlossaryKhenpo KunpalKhenpo NamdrolKhenpoNgakchungKhenpo PetséKhenpo Shyengakhordé rushenkhordé yermékhorwakhyen tsé nü sumkhyenpé yeshéKollegalKön Chok Jé Drenkön chok sumkriya yoga (Skt)kshatriya (Skt)kukub jipokun longkun shyikundzopVersion 2Adam Pearceygreat Tibetan master, student of PatrulRinpoche and author of a famouscommentary on the Bodhicharyavataraconemporary Tibetan teacher, author of bookon Vajrakilaya(1879-1941) great Tibetan master, student ofNyoshul Lungtokgreat khenpo of recent times, associated withDzogchen monastery, aka Khenchen PemaTsewang(1871-1927) great Tibetan master famous forhis commentaries on the Thirteen GreatTexts“separating samsara and nirvana”, aDzogchen preliminary practice“indivisibility of samsara and nirvana”, aterm used mainly in the Sakya traditionsamsarawisdom/knowledge, love andpower/strengthwisdom that knowstown near Dzogchen Monastery in IndiaSutra on the Recollection of the Buddha,Dharma and Sangha“the three rare and supreme ones”, i.e. theBuddha, Dharma and Sanghafirst vehicle of outer tantra, fourth of the nineyanas“warrior” caste, to which SiddharthaGautama belongedenlightened body“heavy bum”, i.e. lazymotivation, literally “that which gives rise toeverything”alaya, ground of allrelative14February 2004

Rigpa Tibetan and Sanskrit Glossarykundzop denpakunkhyenkuntakpé ma rigpaKuntuzangpoKunu Lama TenzinGyaltsenKunzang Lama’iShelungkyabjékyangmakyérimKyi Duk LamKhyerkyil khorrelative truthomnisicientimputing ignoranceSamantabhadra, the primordial buddhaa teacher of the Dalai LamaWords of My Perfect Teacher by PatrulRinpoche“lord of refuge”, a honorific used as a prefixbefore the names of great mastersleft channelgeneration phase, development stageTurning Suffering and Happiness intoEnlightenmentmandalaLlabpa sumlabrangladawaLakar TsangLama ChokdenLama GongdüLama NorlhaLama Tsetenlama’i gongpalama’i naljorLamdréVersion 2Adam Pearceythree (higher) trainingslama’s residence within a monasteryliterally “traversing the mountain pass”, aDzogchen term meaning to reach a finaldecisionSogyal Rinpoche’s familyJamyang Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö’s assistantand master of ceremoniesterma revealed by Sangye Lingpa (13401396) and a section of Tendrel NyeselGuru Rinpoche of wealthdisciple of Jamyang Khyentse Chökyi Lodrövision or wisdom mind of the lamaguru yogaPath With its Result, the highest teachings inthe Sakya school15February 2004

Rigpa Tibetan and Sanskrit GlossaryLamrim YeshéNyingpoLangdarmaLarung Garlé loLe’u DünmalhaLha Bab Düchenlhak tonglhakhanglhakmaLhasaLhatsün NamkhaJikmélhen chik kyepé marigpalhen chik kyepéyeshélhöpolhundrupLing RinpocheLingtsangGyalgenmaloLodi GyariRinpochelojongloka (Skt)Version 2Adam Pearceyteaching by Guru Rinpoche revealedby Chokgyur LingpaKing of Tibet during the 9th century, whosuppressed Buddhism until he wasassassinatedcentre of Khenpo Jikphun in TibetlazinessPrayer in Seven Chaptersgod, deity“Festival of the Descent from Heaven”,anniversary of the Buddha’s return from theheaven of Indra, where he went to teach hismotherTibetan for vipashyana, literally“extraordinary seeing”templeremainder offeringcapital of Tibetmaster who composed the Riwo Sangchöanddiscovered the hidden land of Sikkimco-emergent ignoranceco-emergent wisdomrelaxed and spaciousspontaneous perfectionsenior tutor of the Dalai LamaThe Old King of Ling, a tertön and previousincarnation of Sogyal Rinpoche(conceptual) mindDalai Lama’s envoy based in Washingtonmind trainingworld or world-system16February 2004

Rigpa Tibetan and Sanskrit Glossarylong déLongchen NyingtikLongchen RabjamlosarlotsawalüLumbinilunglung gi chölung tacategory of space, one of three categories ofAtiyogaHeart Essence of the Vast Expanse, revealedby Jikmé Lingpa(1308-1363) great Dzogchen masterTibetan new yeargreat translatorbody, “that which is left behind”birthplace of Buddha, found in modernNepal(i) oral transmission; (ii) subtle wind-energyDharma of scripture(i) “windhorse” energy; (ii) prayer flagMma chöpama dzinpama rigpama yeng ma gomma yengpaMachik LapdrönMadhyamaka (Skt)Madhyamika (Skt)MahakalaMahakashyapamahamudra (Skt)mahasandhi (Skt)mahasiddha (Skt)mahasukha (Skt)mahayana (Skt)mahayoga (Skt)MaitreyaMaitripaVersion 2Adam Pearceyunalteredwithout graspingignoranceundistracted non-meditationundistractedgreat Tibetan female masterMiddle Way beyond any extremesMiddle Way philosophy and its followersname of a protective deitysenior disciple of Buddha Shakyamuni, thefirst patriarch“Great Seal”, highest teachings in the KagyütraditionSkt equivalent of Dzogpachenpogreat buddhist saintgreat blissgreat vehicleseventh of the nine yanasthe future buddhaIndian siddha, teacher of Marpa17February 2004

Rigpa Tibetan and Sanskrit ri-namasangitiMaraMaratikaMarmé MönlamMarpaMatam RudraMaudgalyayanaMayadevimé nang tong zukmelongmenmendrupmengakmengak démengak nyengyüchenmomengak nyongtrichenpomikpamikpa mépaMilarepaMindrolingMingyur RinpocheMinling TrichenRinpocheMipham RinpocheVersion 2Adam Pearceyconsort of Guru Rinpochebodhisattva of wisdomdisciple of Garab Dorje“Reciting the Names of Mañjushri”demonic force, evil influencesacred cave of Guru Rinpoche in Nepalassociated with long-life practiceA practice of aspiration combined with theoffering of butter lampsTeacher of Milarepademon of egodisciple of Buddha, famed for his miraculousabilitiesmother of Buddha Shakyamuniempty forms of non-existing presencemirrorliterally “medicine”, another name for düdtsispiritual medicine, see düdtsipith instructioncategory of pith instructions, one of threecategories of Atiyogagreat aural lineage of pith instructionsgreat experiential teachings through pithinstruction, teaching according to thestudent’s experiencefocus, reference, visualizationreferencelessnessTibet’s famous yogi-saintNyingma monastery in Central Tibetcontemporary Tibetan mastercontemporary Tibetan master based in India(1846-1912) Great Tibetan master of theNyingma school18February 2004

Rigpa Tibetan and Sanskrit Glossarymiyowamö gümönlamMönlam Chenmomudra (Skt)muni (Skt)unmovingdevotionprayer of aspirationGreat Prayer Festivalliterally “seal”, symbolic hand gesturesageNnadi (Skt)naga (Skt)NagarjunaNalandaNamdrolingNamgyal DratsangNamkhai NorbuRinpochenampa salwanamtharnamtokNanam DorjeDudjomNangchennangpaNangsi Zilnönnangwanangwa da yi lamaNarak KongshakNaropanéné lukNechungVersion 2Adam Pearceysubtle channelsclass of serpent-like beings who live in watergreat Indian mastergreat Indian monastic universityMonastery of Penor Rinpoche in South IndiaDalai Lama’s personal monasterycontemporary Tibetan master based in Italyclear appearance (in kyerim practice)spiritual biography, “life and liberation”discursive thoughtsdisciple of Guru Rinpoche, previousincarnation of Sogyal Rinpochea region of Tibetliterally “insider”, buddhist“Prevailing Over All that Appears andExists”, a form of Guru Rinpocheappearance, perception, experiencesymbolic lama of appearances, one of fourkind of lamaa practice of confession and fulfilmentgreat eleventh century Indian master,teacher of Marpacrucial instruction, key pointnature, natural condition, “way of abiding”monastery, home of the state oracle19February 2004

Rigpa Tibetan and Sanskrit Glossaryngagyal tenpaNgagyur NyingmaNgalso Kor SumNgari Panchenngé jungngé tsikngo tsangö shyingön shéngöndroNgorngowongowo tongpanirmanakaya (Skt)nirvana (Skt)Nubchen SangyéYeshéNyala PemaDüddulnyamnyam lennyé gyünyen gyünyenpanyen drup lé sumnyépa sumnyingjéNyingmaVersion 2Adam Pearceystable confidence or pride of the deity (inkyerim)Nyingma School of Ancient TranslationsTrilogy of “Finding Comfort and Ease” byLongchenpa(1487-1542) a great Nyingma masterrenunciationetymology, literal definitionself-control, sense of shamemain partsupernormal perceptions, such asclairvoyancepreliminary practicesub-school with in the Sakyaessenceempty essence“emanation body”, form of a buddha thatappears in various forms to ordinary beingsenlightenment or “passing beyondsuffering”, the opposite of samsaraone of 25 disciples of Guru Rinpoche(1816-1872) great Tibetan master and tertönwho attained rainbow body, teacher ofTertön Sogyalmeditative experiencepractice, “taking to heart” (nyam su lenpa)short or direct lineageaural or hearing lineageapproachthree stages of approach, accomplishmentand activitythree ways to please the master(i) compassion; (ii) “Oh, how sad!”one of the four major schools of TibetanBuddhism20February 2004

Rigpa Tibetan and Sanskrit GlossaryNyingma GyübumnyingpoNyingtik Yabshyinyön dripnyön mongNyoshul KhenpoNyoshul LungtokTenpé Nyimanyung néCollection of Nyingma Tantrasheart-essenceFour Parts of the Nyingtik: Vima Nyingtik,Lama Yangtik, Khandro Nyingtik andKhandro Yangtikemotional obscurationdisturbing emotions(1932-1999) teacher of Sogyal Rinpoche(1829-1901/2) principal student of PatrulRinpocheritual practice that involves fastingOOddiyanaOrgyenOrgyen TobgyalRinpocheösalbirthplace of Guru Rinpoche, sometimeswritten UddiyanaTibetan for Oddiyana, sometimes writtenUrgyencontemporary Tibetan master based in Bir,Indiaclear light, n Lamapandita (Skt)paramita (Skt)parinirvana (Skt)Paro TaktsangVersion 2Adam Pearcey(i) another name of Padmasambhava; (ii)Tibetan translation group based inDordogne, France“Lotus Born”Tibetan for arya, noble oneimportant Nyingma monasterysecond highest incarnation in Tibetscholar, one who is learned in the five majorsciencestranscendent perfectionfinal nirvana“Tiger’s Nest”, sacred place in Bhutan21February 2004

Rigpa Tibetan and Sanskrit GlossaryPatrul RinpochepechaPemajungnépen nö mepédrolwaPenor RinpochePharpingphurbaphowapitaka (Skt)prajña (Skt)prajñaparamita(Skt)pramana (Skt)prana (Skt)Prasangika (Skt)pratimoksha a (Skt)pungpo(1808-1887) author of Words of My PerfectTeacherTibetan textTibetan for Padmakara, an alternative namefor Padmasambhavaliberation beyond benefit and harmcontemporary Tibetan master based in SouthIndiasacred place in Nepal with caves in whichGuru Rinpoche meditatedritual daggertransference of consciousness“basket”, section of teachingswisdom, knowledge, intelligencetranscendent perfection of wisdomvalid cognition, buddhist logicsubtle wind-energya Madhyamika school of buddhistphilosophyvows of “individual liberation”interdependent origination“solitary realizer”hungry ghostsTibetan for skandha, aggregateRRahulaRahulabhadrarakta (Skt)Version 2Adam Pearceyname of Buddha’s sonIndian master who composed praise toMother Prajñaparamitaliterally “blood”, red-coloured ritualsubstance kept in kapala22February 2004

Rigpa Tibetan and Sanskrit Glossaryrang drolrang gyürang gyüparang rigrang salrangshyinrangshyin salwarangshyin shyiwachenporangtongRatnasambhavaré dokRechungparichörigdzinRigdzin Düparigparigpa dön gyi lamarigpa’i tsal wangrikRimérimpaRinchen TerdzöRinchen ZangpoVersion 2Adam Pearceyself-liberationone’s basic beingSvatantrika, one of two streams within theMadhyamika school(i) self-awareness; (ii) one’s very own rigpaself-cognizancenaturecognizant naturenatural great peace“self-empty” or intrinsic emptinessphilosophybuddha of the Southhope and feardisciple of Milarepa(i) “mountain Dharma”, a form of text thatincludes advice for retreat; (ii) sometimesused in Rigpa to refer specifically to a richötext by Dudjom RinpocheTibetan for vidyadharalama practice from Longchen Nyingtikpure awareness, intelligenceone’s own rigpa, the actual lama; one of fourkinds of lamathe empowerment of rigpa, in which thenature of mind is introducedbuddha family; enlightened potentialnon-sectarian movement which began inEast Tibet in the 19th centurystage, levelTreasury of Precious Terma Revelations, amajor collection of terma sadhanas andempowerments, one of the five treasures ofJamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Tayé(958-1055) famous Tibetan translator23February 2004

Rigpa Tibetan and Sanskrit Glossaryring gyüringselRingu TulkuRiwo Sangchörolmorolparomarupakaya (Skt)long or indirect lineagepearl-like relics often found after thecremation of great masterscontemporary Tibetan master based inSikkimMountain Incense Offering, a practicelarge Tibetan cymbals (with large raisedcentre)radianceright channel“form kayas”, i.e. nirmanakaya andsambhogakayaSsasa dangpo rabtugawasa tersabchéSachen KungaNyingposadhanabhumi, stage of realizationfirst bhumi, the Joyousearth termacontents, main points of a texta great Sakyapa masterVajrayana practice for accomplishing a deityor mandala of deitiessaga dawafourth Tibetan month, in which theanniversary of the Buddha’s birth,enlightenment and parinirvana all fallSakya Pandita(1182-1252) a great Tibetan masterSakya Trizincontemporary Tibetan master, head of theSakya schoolSalgacontemporary Tibetan artistsamadhi (Skt)meditative concentrationsamadhisattva (Skt) form of a deity appearing at the heart ofanother deityVersion 2Adam Pearcey24February 2004

Rigpa Tibetan and Sanskrit GlossarySamantabhadrasamaya (Skt)samayasattva (Skt)sambhogakaya(Skt)SamkhyaSampaLhundrupmasampa zangposamtenSamten atthana (Pali)Sautrantikasemsem déVersion 2Adam Pearcey(i) primordial buddha; (ii) name of abodhisattva renowned for making infiniteofferings to the buddhasvajrayana commitmentvisualized form of the deity“enlightened body of perfect enjoyment”,pure form of a buddha which appears tobodhisattvasnon-buddhist school of Indian philosophyPrayer for the Spontaneous Fulfilment of AllWishesgood, kind or noble heartTibetan for dhyana, meditation“Finding Comfort and Ease in Meditation”, atext by LongchenpaTibet’s first monastery, founded by GuruRinpoche and Shantarakshitacommunity of buddhist practitionersbuddha, literally one who has “awakened(from the sleep of ignorance) and developed(all positive qualities)”name of an Indian mahasiddha famous forhis songs of realizationgoddess of wisdom“new” schools of Tibetan Buddhism, asopposed to the Nyingma, the “ancient ones”foundations of mindfulnessliterally “Followers of the Sutras”, one of thetwo philosophical schools of the hinayana(ordinary) mindcategory of mind, one of three categories ofAtiyoga25February 2004

Rigpa Tibetan and Sanskrit Glossarysem la sem ma chitésem kyi rangshyinni ösal wa’osem nyiSem Nyi Ngal SoSenge Dongm

Amitabha Buddha of Inifinite Light, buddha of the West Amitayus Buddha of Inifinite Life . clear.” D dadar long-life arrow dak self, ego, I, myself . gelugpa one of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism genyen