Transcription
OFFICE OF INSTITUTIONAL PLANNING, ASSESSMENT, & EFFECTIVENESS
GRAMBLING STATE UNIVERSITYeFACT BOOK2011-2012Foreword and Acknowledgement .iiiI.INSTITUTIONAL PROFILECurrent Board Members & Grambling State Administration 2University of Louisiana System Board of Supervisors . . 3Grambling State University Current Administration . 4Organizational Chart . . 5Accrediting Agencies . 6Historical Notes . 7Peer Institutions . . 8Comparison of Grambling State University to Peers-Crime Statistics . 9-10II.STUDENT PROFILEA.First-Time FreshmenApplicants, Admits, and Enrollees 12-13Admission Test Scores . . 14B.Enrollment InformationHeadcount Enrollment Trend by Level . 15Headcount Enrollment Trend by Ethnicity . 16Headcount Enrollment by Gender . 17Headcount Enrollment by Classification and Gender 18Headcount Enrollment by Status 19Headcount Enrollment by Age, Level, and Gender-Fall 2011 . 20Enrollment by Country . . 21Enrollment by State . 22Headcount Enrollment by Louisiana Parish .23-24Headcount Enrollment Trend by Student Residency 25Headcount Enrollment Trend Comparison of FTE . 26C.Progression and GraduationFirst-to-Second Year Retention Rates . 27Six-Year Graduation Rates . . 28Degrees Awarded by Level and Gender . 29i
Degrees Awarded by Level of Degree and Race . 30Trends of Degrees Awarded by Level and Program 31-34III.RESOURCESA.EmployeesFull-Time Staff by Ethnicity and Gender . . 36Full-Time Instructional Faculty Trend by Gender and Rank . 37Full-Time Instructional Faculty Trend by Rank . 38Average Salary Trend of Full-Time Faculty by Rank 39Trend in Percentage of Full-time Instructional Faculty . 40B.FinancesTrend of Tuition and Fees for In-state and Out-of-state students 41Revenues by Source of Funds Fiscal Year Ending June, 2012 42Expenditures by Function . . . 43C.FacilitiesFall 2011 Assignable Area by Room Use . . 44ii
FOREWORD AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTThis is the sixth edition of the Grambling State University eFact Bookdeveloped by the Office of Institutional Planning, Assessment, and Effectiveness(formerly the Office of Planning and Institutional Research-PAIR).Thisdocument provides five-year statistical trend information presented in tables andgraphs, as well as other information provided for the most current year available.The Office of Institutional Planning collects, compiles, and disseminatesinformation on all facets of the University on a continuous basis. This publicationprovides a wealth of information about Grambling State University and isdesigned to give University constituents and external reporting agencies easyaccess to statistical data pertaining to the institution.The concerted effort of the Office of Institutional Planning, Assessment,and Effectiveness staff is to make this publication a useful resource for retrievingUniversity information by utilizing an online medium. The staff wishes to thank allof the offices and individual persons on campus who contributed information andsuggestions.Special thanks and appreciation goes to Mr. Bruce Morgan,Grambling State University’s Web Administrator, for his contributions.iii
GSUSection IINSTITUTIONAL PROFILE
University of Louisiana SystemBoard of Supervisors OfficersWayne Parker . ChairRussell Mosely . Vice ChairPaul Aucoin . ParliamentarianBoard MembersAndre CoudrainEdward J. Crawford, IIIWilliam DearmonJimmy R. Faircloth, Jr.David GuidryE. Gerald HerbertLouis J. LambertRenee LapeyrolerieJohn O. LeTardJimmy Long, Sr.Jimmie “Beau” Martin, Jr. Carl ShetlerWinfred SibilleGrambling State UniversityCurrent AdministrationPresident . Dr. Frank PogueProvost and Vice President for Academic Affairs . Dr. Connie WaltonInterim Dean, College of Arts & Science . Dr. Evelyn WinnDean, College of Business . Dr. Carl WrightDean, College of Education . Dr. Larnell FlannaganActing Dean, College of Professional Studies . Dr. Rama TunuguntlaAssociate Vice President for Researchand Dean of the Graduate School . Dr. Janet GuydenVice President for Student Affairs . Dr. Stacey DuhonVice President for Finance . Mr. Leon Sanders2
Wayne ParkerChairAndre CourdrainEdward J. Crawford, IIIE. Gerald HebertJimmy Long, Sr.Russell MoselyVice ChairWilliam DearmonLouis J. LambertJimmie “Beau” Martin, Jr.Paul AucoinParliamentarianJimmy R. Faircloth, Jr.David GuidryRenee LapeyrolerieJohn O. LeTardCarl ShetlerWinfred Sibille
Dr. Frank G. PoguePresidentDr. Stacey DuhonVice President forStudent AffairsMr. Leon SandersVice President ofFinanceDr. Connie WaltonProvost and Vice President ofAcademic Affairs
ULS Board of SupervisorsOrganizational Chart*Dual responsibilityRev. 10/2/12President**Second in CommandDr. Frank G. Pogue Air Force Available through LA TechExecutive Associate VPCenter for International ProgramsMr. Mahmoud LamadanieExec Assistant to the PresidentDr. Ellen SmileyPublic Relations & Media CommunicationsMr. William Sutton, Acting DirectorAthletics DirectorDr. Percy CaldwellInternal AuditMrs. Donna Hill-ToddInstitutional Planning, Assessment andEffectivenessMs. Nettie Daniels, AVP** Provost/V.P. for Academic AffairsDr. Connie WaltonAssociate Vice Presidentfor Academic AffairsDr. Anthony JohnsonCollege of Arts &SciencesDr. Evelyn WynnInterimCollege of BusinessDr. Carl WrightDeanCollege of EducationDr. Larnell FlannaganDeanCollege of ProfessionalStudiesDr. Rama TunuguntlaInterim DeanSchool of GraduateStudies and ResearchDr. Janet GuydenAVP and DeanUniversity LibraryDr. Cecila IwalaInterim DirectorAcademic AssessmentMs. Francheska JonesDirectorAsst. Athletic Director for ComplianceMr. Phillippe CarterTitle III ProgramsMrs. Beverly Hill-Hercules, Exec. Dir.V.P. for Student AffairsDr. Stacey DuhonAssociate Vice Presidentfor Enrollment ManagementDr. Albert TezenoDistance LearningMr. Eldrie HamiltonDirectorFinancial Aid &Scholarships/Financial ManagementDr. Albert TezenoHonors College/NSEDr. Ellen SmileyDirectorAdmissions &RecruitmentMs. Annie MossMilitary Science/ ArmyROTC Lieutenant ColonelLaDaryl FranklinOffice of the RegistrarMrs. Patricia HutchersonMarching BandDr. Larry PannellDirectorEEO Officer*Mrs. Monica BradleyOffice of Retention &High AbilityMrs. Carolyn CollierInterimV.P. for Institutional AdvancementVacantDean of Student ActivitiesMr. David PontonStudent UnionStudent Gov. Assoc.Student Clubs & OrganizationsMrs. Charlette FavorsIntramural Sports and RecreationMr. Terry Lilly, Dir/Spirit Coord.Judicial AffairsMrs. Beverly Crawford, DirectorUnited Campus MinistryReverend Connie Breaux, DirectorStudent Counseling ServicesDr. Coleen Speed, DirectorStudent SuccessQuality Enhancement PlanMrs. Shakira HardisonInterim DirectorService LearningDr. Rory BedfordDirectorSponsored ProgramsDr. Kenneth KoromaAssociate Vice PresidentMs. Kathy LathonCoordinatorCareer ServicesMr. Johnny Patterson, DirectorStudent Support ServicesFoster-Johnson Health CenterMrs. Patrice Outley, DirectorMrs. Sharon ReedDirectorAlumni AffairsMs. Debra JohnsonDirectorDevelopmentTBAV.P. for Finance & AdministrationMr. Leon SandersAVP Finance & AdminMr. Ante BrittenAramark, Barnes & Noble,Campus Card, & MailroomBudget and PlanningR. Parker/J. CreditControllerMr. Raymond AbrahamFacilitiesMr. Lavoyd Ray DudleyGrants AdministrationMrs. Moroline WashingtonHuman Resources/EEO*Mrs. Monica Bradley, AVPInformation TechnologyMr. Winfred Jones, AVPNetwork ServicesMr. Craig Jones, DirectorOrchesis Dance TroupeMrs. Dianne Maroney-Grigsby, DirectorProperty and ReceivingMrs. Johnnie F. Williams,DirectorResidential Life/Living and LearningMr. James Payne, DirectorPurchasing/ContractsMs. Connie Hampton,DirectorUniversity PoliceMr. Michael Storr, Chief
GRAMBLING STATE UNIVERSITYis accredited by, approved by, or holds membership in the following associations.College/School/DepartmentAccrediting AgenciesCOLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCESArtApplied Music-PerformanceChemistryComputer ScienceDrafting Design TechnologyElectronics Engineering TechnologyTheatreNational Association of Schools of Art and Design (membership only)National Association of Schools of Music (NASM)American Chemical Society (ACS)Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET)Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET)Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET)National Association of Schools of Theatre (NAST)COLLEGE OF BUSINESSAccountingComputer Information SB:AACSB:AACSB:COLLEGE OF EDUCATIONCurriculum and InstructionDevelopmental EducationEarly Childhood EducationElementary EducationEducational LeadershipLeisure Studies (Kinesiology)Middle School Education-English & MathematicsSpecial Education/Special Education (Mild/Moderate)Teacher Education ProgramsNational Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE)National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE)National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE)National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE)National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE)National Recreation and Park Association (NRPA)National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE)National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE)National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE)COLLEGE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIESMass CommunicationPublic AdministrationSchool of NursingSchool of Social WorkAccrediting Council on Education in Journalism and Mass Communication (ACEJMC)National Association of Schools of Public Affairs and Administration (NASPAA)National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission, Inc. (NLNAC)Council on Social Work Educaton (CSWE)UNIVERSITYSouthern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS)The International Association for Management EducationThe International Association for Management EducationThe International Association for Management EducationThe International Association for Management EducationThe International Association for Management Education
HISTORICAL NOTESPresidentsCharles P. AdamsRalph W.E. JonesDr. Joseph B. JohnsonDr. Harold W. LundyDr. Raymond H. HicksDr. Leonard L. Haynes (Interim)Dr. Steve A. FavorsDr. Neari F. Warner (Acting)Dr. Horace A. JudsonDr. Frank G. ghlights1901Founded by Charles P. Adams who became the first President; the Institution was first known as TheColored Industrial and Agricultural School and was supported by private donations1912Became a Quasi-Public School1918Name changed to Lincoln Parish Training School under the direction of Lincoln Parish School Board1928Became a state junior college; name changed to Louisiana Negro Normal and Industrial Institute1939A three-year professional certificate was awarded1940A four-year degree program was inaugurated1944First Bachelor of Science degree in Elementary Education was granted1946Name changed to Grambling College of Louisiana1953Received initial accreditation from the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS)1958Liberal Arts Program was inaugurated; obtained full membership in SACS1974Name changed to Grambling State University; Graduate School was inaugurated1997Eddie Robinson, Sr. earned the title of “Winningest Collegiate Football Coach” with 324 victories in1985, ended his career with 408 wins.2000Ranked first among the nation’s colleges and universities in awarding four-year degrees in computerscience to African American students2003Achieved 100% accreditation of the State’s mandatory degree programs2010Eddie G. Robinson Museum officially opened on GSU campusAccreditations by Southern Association Colleges and Schools reaffirmed2011Achieved 100% accredited programs eligible for accreditation2012Obtained GSU West Campus through Legislative Act 236, granting 157 acres and 47 buildings
Grambling State University'sPeer InstitutionsUNIVERSITYAlbany State UniversityAlcorn State UniversityAngelo State UniversityDelaware State UniversityDelta State UniversityFayetteville State UniversityMcNeese State UniversityNorfolk State UniversityTexas Southern UniversityVirginia State .tsu.eduhttp://www.vsu.edu
CRIME STATISTICS BY OFFENSEComparison of Grambling State University to PeersAs Reported in 2010 or 2011PEER INSTITUTIONSStudentEnrollmentMurder & NonNegligentForcible/NonNegligentManslaughter Forcible torVehicleTheftArsonTotalCriminalOffensesAlbany State University4,663001034109Alcorn State University4,01800113170729Angelo State University7,084000014106Delaware State University4,15400136140024Delta State University4,62400001180019Fayetteville State University5,93000321258140Grambling State University5,20700037290039McNeese State University8,7840000082010Norfolk State University7,09100342323347Texas Southern University9,73000023585775Virginia State University5,8900013304011Source: http://www.fbi.gov - The official site of the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation.
CRIME STATISTICS BY OFFENSEComparison of Grambling State Universityto All Public 4-Year Institutions in LouisianaAs Reported for 2010 or 2011Comparison to All Public 4-YearInstitutionsin LouisianaLouisiana State University and A&m collegeUniversity of Louisiana at LafayetteSoutheastern Louisiana UniversityLouisiana Tech UniversityUniversity of New OrleansNorthwestern State UniversityMcNeese State UniversityUniversity of Louisiana at MonroeSouthern University and A&M CollegeNicholls State UniversityGrambling State UniversityLouisiana State University- ShreveportSouthern University at New OrleansLouisiana State University-AlexandriaStudentEnrollmentMurder & aughterRobberyAggravatedAssaultMotorBurglary 00000000Source: http://www.fbi.gov - The official site of the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation.
GSUSection IISTUDENT PROFILEA. First-Time FreshmenB. Enrollment InformationC. Progression and Graduation
Number of Students Applying, Admitted and EnrolledFirst-time Freshmen and First-time TransfersFall 2010First - Time TransfersFall 2010First - Time lied05001,0000First-time TransfersApplied, Admitted, EnrolledSemesterAppliedFall 20118022144,000First-time FreshmenApplied, Admitted, EnrolledYield ofAdmitted Enrolled Admitted toEnrolled4052,00052.8%Source: GSU Office of Admissions and Statewide Student Profile SystemSemesterAppliedFall 20113,379Admitted Enrolled1,926706Yield ofAdmitted toEnrolled36.7%
Number of Students Applying, Admitted and EnrolledFirst-time Freshmen and First-time TransfersFirst-time FreshmenApplied, Admitted, EnrolledSemesterAppliedAdmittedEnrolledYield ofAdmitted toEnrolledFall 20075,9571,7931,21067.5%Fall 20086,0752,0001,21560.8%Fall 20094,4191,38193167.4%Fall 20104,2531,32273755.7%Fall 20113,3791,92670636.7%Yield of Admitted to Enrolled80.0%70.0%60.0%50.0%40.0%Source: GSU Office of Admissions and Statewide Student Profile System30.0%20.0%First-time TransfersApplied, Admitted, EnrolledSemesterAppliedAdmittedEnrolledYield ofAdmitted toEnrolledFall 200793238321556.1%Fall 200868925219577.4%Fall 200972426916260.2%Fall 201051832521867.1%Fall 201180240521452.8%Source: GSU Office of Admissions and Statewide Student Profile System10.0%0.0%2007200820092010First-time FreshmenTransfers2011
SAT Scores for First-Time FreshmenACT Scores for First-Time 11Average ACT and SAT Scores forFirst time Full Time FreshmenSemesterFall 2007Fall 2008Fall 2009Fall 2010Fall 895.0Sources: ACT Profiles and University data systemFall2008Fall2009Fall2010Fall2011
Headcount EnrollmentHeadcount Enrollmentby Student 49Fall 2007Fall 20084,5384,4054,460454589747Fall 2010Fall 20114,0003,0002,0001,0000Fall 2009Headcount Enrollment Trend by eFall 20074,7544075,16192.1%Fall 20084,8044495,25391.5%Fall 20094,5384544,99290.9%Fall 20104,4055895,99488.2%Fall 20114,4607475,20785.7%Source: Statewide Student Profile System
Headcount EnrollmentPercentage for Headcount Enrollment by Ethnicity per Fall Semester83%Fall 20112%80%Fall 20102%14%17%Fall 200987%3%10%Fall 200886%3%10%Fall 100%OtherHeadcount Enrollment by EthnicitySemesterFall 2007Fall 2008Fall 2009Fall 2010Fall 2011NonResidentAlien338497447424384Black, /AlaskanNative9111278Asian orPacificIslanderHispanic24161589Source: Statewide Student Profile SystemNote: Fall 2010 reflects implementation of new Federally mandated racial/ethnicity codes1716175054NativeWhite, Non- Two or more Hawaiian orHispanicracesother 1114364273Total5,1615,2534,9924,9945,207
Headcount EnrollmentHeadcount Enrollment by 42,1181,8811,9421,9973,0002,0001,0000Fall 2007Fall 2008Fall 2009MaleFall 2010Fall 2011FemaleHeadcount Enrollment by GenderMaleFemaleTotal% MaleFall 20072,1543,0075,16142%Fall 20082,1183,1355,25340%Fall 20091,8813,1114,99238%Fall 20101,9423,0524,99439%Fall 20111,9973,2105,20738%Source: Statewide Student Profile System
Headcount EnrollmentHeadcount Enrollment by Classification2011 191,3748048561,4072010 08 ,000JuniorSeniorGraduateHeadcount Enrollment by anGraduateTotalSource: Statewide Student Profile System
Headcount EnrollmentHeadcount Enrollment by Full- and Part-timeStudent 082009201020110Headcount Enrollment by StatusFallSemesterFall 2007Fall 2008Fall 2009Fall 2010Fall 515645034825296355,1615,2534,9924,9945,207Source: Statewide Student Profile SystemPercent Parttime10.9%9.6%9.7%10.6%12.2%
Headcount EnrollmentNumber EnrolledHeadcount Enrollment by Age for Fall unt Enrollment by Age, Level and GenderFall 2011Age maleSubtotalTotalUnder 527713240-497667315718615950 & 207Source: Statewide Student Profile System
mbodiaSri LankaChinaCameroonColumbiaDominicaDominican oldovaMaltaMaliNigeriaNepalRwandaSaudi ArabiaSt. LuciaTogoTurkeyTurkmenistanUgandaUnknownEnrollment by CountryFall Foreign TotalsOut-of-State TotalsLouisiana TotalsInstitution Totals1756801,1421,997CountrySource: Statewide Student Profile 119131113428316129421623841,6873,1365,207
Enrollment by StateFall oradoConnecticutDistrict of nnisotaMissouriMississippiNorth CarolinaNorth DakotaNebraskaNew HampshireNew JerseyNew MexicoNevadaNew YorkOhioOaklahomaOregonPennsylvaniaSouth inWest VirginiaOut-of-State TotalsLouisiana TotalsForeign TotalsInstitution TotalsSource: Statewide Student Profile 93,2101,6873,1363845,207
Headcount Enrollment by atahoulaClaiborneConcordiaDe SotoEast Baton RougeEast CarrollEast ksonJeffersonJefferson DavisLafayetteLafourcheLa OrleansOuachitaPlaqueminesPonte CoupeeRapidesRed RiverRichlandSabineSt. BernardFall 1127256411688718134474326214952Fall 10254353107911321111444618053873Fall 25090788420108385517532962Fall 3589079932196384527933352Fall 37300849520106411557474553
Headcount Enrollment by ParishParishSt. CharlesSt. HelenaSt. JamesSt. JohnSt. LandrySt. MartinSt. MarySt. rnonWashingtonWebsterWest Baton RougeWest CarrollWest FelicianaWinnLOUISIANA TOTALOUT-OF-STATE TOTALFOREIGN TOTALTOTAL STUDENTSFall Source: Statewide Student Profile SystemFall 53Fall all 4Fall 207
Headcount EnrollmentHeadcount Enrollmentby Student 6001,200800505338400020072008In-State Students20092010Out-of-State2011International StudentsHeadcount Enrollment by Residency20072008200920102011In-State 1,8371,8041,7201,687International ,207Source: Statewide Student Profile System
Enrollment Trends by LevelComparison of FTE and FTE2010-112011-12HeadcountFull-time Equivalent Enrollment (FTE)by LevelLEVELFall .94,448.3Graduate330.8377.3395.5512.5631.6Total e2007Source: Statewide Student Profile System
First-to-Second Year Retention 102010-11First-to-Second Year Retention RatesSemesterFirst-time Full-timeNumber ReturningFreshmen EnteringRetention RateFall 2006 to Fall 2007112266359.1%Fall 2007 to Fall 2008118469458.6%Fall 2008 to Fall 2009120366855.5%Fall 2009 to Fall 201091059265.1%Fall 2010 to Fall 201170647967.8%Source: Board of Regents Retention Data
GRADUATION RATESSix-Year Graduation 10%201020115%0%20072008200920102011Six-Year Graduation RatesEntering Term20012002200320042005First-time Full-timeCohort8868511,0271,1691,131Source: Board of Regents Graduation 5.33%35.72%29.89%27.29%27.85%
DEGREES AWARDEDTotal Degrees 2008-092009-102010-112011-12Degrees Awarded by Level and 321907Source: IPEDS Completers
DEGREES AWARDED by RACEDegrees Awarded by 09-10White2010-112011-12OtherDegrees Awarded by 2890667324210907Source: Statewide Student Profile System
Degrees Awarded by Level & elorsBachelorsDESCRIPTIONParalegal StudiesTotal Certificate Degrees AwardedChild DevelopmentCriminal JusticeParalegal StudiesTotal Associate Degrees AwardedAccountingApplied Music - PerformanceArtArt EducationAutomotive Engineering TechnologyBiologyBiology Teacher EducationBusiness and Office EducationChemistryCommunication and Theatre EducationComputer Information SystemsComputer ScienceConstruction Engineering TechnologyCriminial JusticeDrafting Design TechnologyEarly Childhood Ed GR PK-3EconomicsElectronic Enginering 50007029901115678
Degrees Awarded by Level & BachelorsElementary Education GR 1-6Engineering Technology, GeneralEnglish EducationEnglish, GeneralFrenchHistoryHome Economics EducationHotel/Restaurant ManagementJr. High/Middle School Ed & TeachingKinesiology (Health and Phys. Ed)Leisure StudiesManagementManufacturing Engineering Tech.MarketingMass CommunicationMathematicsMathematics Teacher EducationMusic EducationNursingParalegal StudiesPhysicsPolitical SciencePolitical Science (Pre-Law)Psychology, GeneralPublic AdministrationSecondary Ed. - Science & 3050113025660293441010352882400
Degrees Awarded by Level & SCRIPTIONSocial Science EducationSocial Studies Education GR 6-12Social WorkSociologySpecial EducationSpanishSpeech PathologyTheatreTotal Bachelor Degrees AwardedCriminal JusticeCurriculum and InstructionDevelopmental EducationEducational LeadershipEducation Multilevels K-12Elementary Education, GeneralElementary/Early Childhood EducationLiberal ArtsMass CommunicationNatural Sciences EducationNursing-Family Nurse PractionerNursing-Nurse EducatorPediatric NursingRegistered NursePublic AdministrationSocial Science 0000100171011111
Degrees Awarded by Level & al WorkSpecial EducationSports AdministrationTotal Masters Degrees AwardedPost-Masters CertificateNursing, Family Nurse PractitionerTotal Post-Masters Degrees AwardedDoctoralDoctoralDoctoralCurriculum & InstructionEducational LeadershipDevelopmental EducationTotal Doctoral Degrees AwardedUniversity TotalSource: Statewide Student Profile 10236701089711040021054268859069070
GSUSection IIIRESOURCESA. EmployeesB. FinancialC. Facilities
Percentage Male Full-time Instructional 2008200920102011Full-time Instructional Faculty by GenderFall 130119249134125259135107242126112238116113229% Male52%52%52%53%51%Source:University Data System
Faculty Count by ructor10395Assistant Professor89Associate 11Professor500Full-time Instructional Faculty by Rank2007Fall ate Professor5649484343Assistant sorAssistantProfessorIFSource: University Data SystemrageYeabyRankrsofnstructor
Average Salaries of Full-Time Faculty for
School of Nursing: National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission, Inc. (NLNAC) School of Social Work: Council on Social Work Educaton (CSWE) UNIVERSITY: Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) COLLEGE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES: COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
