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French Grammar in ContextFOURTH EDITIONFrench Grammar in Context presents a unique and exciting approach to learninggrammar.Authentic texts from a rich variety of sources, literary and journalistic, are used asthe starting point for the illustration and explanation of key areas of Frenchgrammar. Each point is consolidated with a wide range of written and spokenexercises. Grammar is presented not as an end in itself, but as a tool essential toenjoying French, understanding native speakers and communicating effectivelywith them.Literary texts and poems are taken from renowned French authors such as AlbertCamus, Zola, André Malraux, Alain Robbe-Grillet, Stendhal and Jacques Prévert.News sources include Libération, Le Point, Marianne, and Le Monde Diplomatique,in addition to articles from regional papers such as Ouest-France and La Voix duNord. Lifestyle articles are included from magazines such as Elle.This fourth edition has been updated to include new extracts from writers such asChristiane Rochefort, Raymond Queneau and Roch Carrier. In addition to extraexercises within the book, this new edition is supported by a companion websitethat offers a wealth of additional interactive exercises to practise and reinforce thematerial covered.French Grammar in Context is aimed at intermediate and advanced students and isideal for both independent and class-based study.Margaret Jubb is Senior Lecturer in French at the University of Aberdeen.Annie Rouxeville was previously Senior Lecturer in French and Tutor at TILL,University of Sheffield.

LANGUAGES IN CONTEXTThe Languages in Context series presents students with an engaging way of learninggrammar while also acquiring cultural and topical knowledge. Each book in theseries uses authentic texts, drawn from a generous variety of sources, as the startingpoint for the explanation of key areas of grammar. Grammar points are thenconsolidated with a wide range of exercises to test students’ understanding.Aimed at intermediate to advanced students, The Languages in Context series issuitable for both class use and independent study.The following books are available in this series:French Grammar in ContextSpanish Grammar in ContextGerman Grammar in Context

French Grammar in ContextFOURTH EDITIONMARGARET JUBBandANNIE ROUXEVILLE

Dedicated to the memory of Geneviève WilkinsonFourth edition published in 2014 by Routledge2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RNSimultaneously published in the USA and Canadaby Routledge711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business 1998, 2003, 2008 and 2014 Margaret Jubb and Annie RouxevilleThe right of Margaret Jubb and Annie Rouxeville to be identified as authors of this work has been asserted by them inaccordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic,mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in anyinformation storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only foridentification and explanation without intent to infringe.First published in Great Britain in 1998, Second Edition published in 2003, Third Edition published in 2008 by HodderEducation, part of Hachette UK, 338 Euston Road, London NW1 3BHBritish Library Cataloguing in Publication DataA catalogue record for this book is available from the British LibraryLibrary of Congress Cataloging in Publication DataA catalog record for this book has been requestedISBN: 978-0-415-70669-8 (hbk)ISBN: 978-0-415-70668-1 (pbk)ISBN: 978-1-315-87992-5 (ebk)Typeset in 10/14pt Minion byServis Filmsetting Ltd, Stockport, Cheshire

ContentsAcknowledgementsviiPreface to the first editionixPreface to the second editionxiPreface to the third editionxiiPreface to the fourth editionxiii1The present tense12The passé composé63The imperfect124The pluperfect175The past historic and past anterior206The future and future perfect287The conditional (present and past)368The negative429Interrogatives4810Personal pronouns5511Relative pronouns6512Nouns7113Articles and jectives10017Adverbs and adverbial phrases10818Comparatives and superlatives11619The imperative12320Pronominal verbs12821The passive133

viFrench Grammar in Context22The infinitive and present participle14023Verbs with à and de15024Devoir, pouvoir, vouloir, savoir15625Impersonal verbs16326The subjunctive (present and perfect)16927The subjunctive (imperfect and Word order20131Highlighting and emphasis209Revision text 1216Revision text 2218Revision text 3221Revision text 4223Revision text 5226Revision text 6230Keys233Bibliography259Index260

AcknowledgementsThis book developed from collaborative work undertaken some years ago under the auspices ofthe Association for French Language Studies Grammar Initiative. We gratefully acknowledge theimpetus and support given to our work by AFLS. We are also grateful to Lesley Riddle of EdwardArnold for helping us to refocus and extend our earlier work with a view to publication, and toan unidentified reader selected by Edward Arnold for commenting on a first draft of the presentwork. In producing the original three AFLS Brochures Grammaire, we worked with twocolleagues, Carol Chapman of the University of Liverpool, and the late Geneviève Wilkinson ofthe University of Hull.Every effort has been made to trace and acknowledge the owners of copyright. The publisherswill be glad to make suitable arrangements with any copyright holders whom it has not beenpossible to contact.The authors and publisher would like to thank the following for permission to use copyrightmaterial in this book:Label France : Corinne Tonarelli, ‘La Provence, terre de lumière’, no. 24, June 1996 and MélinaGazsi, ‘Cent ans de laïcité à la française’, no. 60, 2005; Éditions Gallimard Albert Camus,L’Étranger, ‘J’ai retourné ma chaise’, 1957, André Malraux, La Condition Humaine, ‘L’auto deChang-Kaï-shek’, 1946, Jacques Prévert, ‘Le Dromadaire mécontent’, ‘Contes pour les enfants passages’ in Histoires et autres histoires, 1963, and Simone de Beauvoir, Mémoires d’une jeune fillerangée, ‘La plupart des garçons que je connaissais’, Collection Folio, 1958, Raymond Queneau,Exercises de style, 1947, www.gallimard.fr; Société Nouvelle des Éditions Pauvert: Jehanne JeanCharles, Les plumes du corbeau, ‘Cet après-midi, j’ai poussé’, 1962; Methuen Educational Ltd:R. Vailland, Un jeune homme seul, ‘Michel Favart, l’ingénieur’, 1985, Claire Etcherelli, Élise ou lavraie vie, ‘Je cherchai Arezki’, ed. J. Roach, 1985 and Paul Éluard, ‘Ma morte vivante’, AnthologieÉluard, ed. C. Scott, 1983; Libération: ‘Le temps aujourd’hui, région par région’, 28 October 1996,J.-C. Schmitt, ‘Un mythe composite’, 9 February 1994, Éric Jozsef, ‘Votre diplôme n’est pasvalable’, 11 March 2002, Marion Chaudru, Libération Voyages, 2 April 2013 and LibérationQuotidien, Kara Walker and Sean James Rose, ‘Le besoin cathartique de faire un retour en arrière’,31 July 2007; InfoMatin: ‘Enfant d’une secte’, 29–30 December 1995; Regards : Daniel Le Scornet,‘Aujourd’hui, une catégorie entière de la population française’, 22 December 1995; Service M:‘Donnez-moi un quart d’heure le soir’; Éditions de Minuit: Alain Robbe-Grillet, Djinn, ‘Denouveau, la méfiance’, ‘Ensuite Jean m’a offert’, ‘Mais non, se dit-il’, ‘Tout cela paraissait absurde’and ‘Comment t’appelles-tu?’, 1981; Le Monde : Thomas Ferenczi, ‘Faits divers’, 17 November 1984

viiiAcknowledgementsand Philippe Sollers, ‘Le Diable à Florence’, 27 September 1996; Institut de Formation auMarketing: ‘Après le patron’; Le Nouvel Observateur, M.O., ‘Ne lisez surtout pas’, February 1995,W. Legros, ‘Nous sommes tous polyglottes’, 8–14 September 1994, C. Brizard, ‘Pollution urbaine,les vrais dangers’, 11–17 May 1995, Claude Roy, ‘L’Observatoire de la planète Terre’, 2–8 March1995, Fabien Gruhier and Michel de Pracontal, ‘Le secret du cerveau de Mozart’, 9–15 February1995 and Marc Ferro, ‘Un bilan globalement négatif ’, 8 December 2005; Le Monde Diplomatique:Bernard Cassen, ‘Le mur de l’anglais’, May 1995; L’Entreprise: Jean Boissonnat, ‘Tour du monde’,October 1989; Le Point: E. Saint-Martin, ‘Championnat d’échecs – Un Grand Maître de 14 ans’,29 March 1997, Marie-Sandrine Sgherri, ‘Ces escrocs qui s’attaquent aux vieux’, 3 May 2002 andGilles Pudlowski, ‘Nice, baie des arts’, 29 March 1997; Ouest-France: ‘Un cimetière marin au largede Tunis’, 1 August 1997 and Julien Redon, ‘Sous tension’, 23 July 2002; Elle: Sylvie Tardrow, ‘Tiebde Daurade’, 4 November 1996 and ‘News Beauté’, 4 November 1996; Éditions Atlas: ‘Toulouse’,Atlas Air France, 1989; La Voix du Nord: Denis Sénié, ‘Tintin au pays des pixels’, 12 November1996; La Lettre du Gouvernement: ‘Préserver l’air, c’est protéger notre santé’, 24 April 1996; LeMonde de l’Éducation: Caroline Helfter, ‘Vers le bilinguisme’, July–August 1996 and Macha Séry,‘La langue de Molière au secours de la langue de bois’, July–August 1996; L’Événement du Jeudi:Nicolas Domenach, ‘Ces réseaux qui gouvernent la France’, 25–31 July 1996; Actualquarto:‘Biosphère II, la Terre bis’, no. 3, 1990–91; Okapi: ‘Le Tabloïd’, 11–24 March 1995, ‘Les grandsdébats’ and ‘Les aventuriers sous la mer’, 1–15 September 1994; Éditions Bernard Grasset: Colette,La Chatte, 1933, ‘Il aimait ses songes’, Christiane Rochefort, Les Petits Enfants du siècle, 1961; BienDire: ‘Sur les quais’, no. 2, Winter 1997; Le Figaro: Anne Muratori-Philip, ‘Napoléon: le testamentque l’on croyait perdu’, 2 May 1996; Sciences et Avenir: B.A., ‘Quand les cathédrales étaientpeintes’, 26 July 2002; Présence Africaine: Joseph Zobel, La Rue Cases-Nègres, 1974; ÉditionsCaribéennes: Joseph Zobel, Et si la mer n’était pas bleue . . ., ‘Le Retour de Mamzelle Annette’,1982; Ça m’intéresse, F. Karpyta, ‘Pourquoi les filles parlent plus tôt que les garçons’, no. 295,September 2005 and Vincent Nouyrigat, ‘Ces poussières qui font le tour du monde’ no. 318,August 2007; La Pèlerine, ‘Randonnées accompagnées, l’hébergement’, 2007; Willy et Colette,Claudine à l’école, Livre de Poche, 1961, with the kind permission of Éditions Albin Michel; FrantzFanon, Peau noire, Masques blancs, Éditions du Seuil, 1952, Collection Points Essais, 1971 andAhmadou Kourouma, Les Soleils des Indépendances, Éditions du Seuil, 1970, Collection Points,1995; Marianne, Pierre Feydel et Erwan Seznec, ‘Les Parasites, les Profiteurs’, no. 536, July 2007;Éditions Stanké, Roch Carrier, Les Enfants du bonhomme dans la Lune, 1979

Preface to the first editionThis book is intended for intermediate and more advanced students of French, both thoseapproaching the end of high-school or secondary education and those in their first or secondyear at university, who need to consolidate and extend their knowledge of French grammar andto develop their ability to use this knowledge in speech and writing. Unlike a reference grammar,it does not aim to be exhaustive in its coverage. Instead, it focuses on key areas of grammar,selected both for their perceived usefulness and for the difficulties which they often cause theAnglophone student.The starting point is always an authentic text, chosen for its intrinsic interest no less than forits richness as a source of examples of grammar in context. In the analysis which follows the text,the function and form of the relevant grammar topic are first explored as seen in the text, beforea development section headed ‘Discover more about X’ amplifies the coverage with illustratedcommentary on further important points, including any significant divergences of practicebetween different registers both in writing and in speech. Page references to the relevant sectionsof five standard reference grammars are provided, so that students may seek further informationas they require. Cross-references are also made to relevant sections of other grammar unitswithin the book itself. It is essential that both sections of analysis, ‘X in the text’ and ‘Discovermore about X’, should be studied before the student attempts any of the exercises which follow.The exercises continue the emphasis on grammar in context by including a considerableproportion of text-based exercises and also some communicative activities and translationexercises. A key is provided to all the exercises, except for the more open-ended communicativeones, so that students may use the book for private study. However, there is ample scope for thebook to be used also in class. For example, each text naturally contains examples of othergrammar points apart from the main point which it has been chosen to illustrate. Accordingly, adetailed listing of the further grammatical features of each text is provided as guidance forteachers, so that they may exploit the material in different ways.The revision texts at the end of the book provide students with an opportunity to integrate thework which they have done in the preceding units. First, a series of analysis questions exploits thefact that each text contains examples of many different grammatical features. Students arerequired to demonstrate their understanding by providing their own commentary on highlightedfeatures. A key with cross-references back to the analysis sections in the various units enablesthem to check their work. Finally, in order to ensure that passive knowledge and understandinghave been translated into an ability to make active use of language, and that language observedhas been internalized, a series of gap-filling exercises based on the texts is provided.In the revision section, as in the rest of the book, the emphasis is on grammar in context andon grammar

The following books are available in this series: French Grammar in Context Spanish Grammar in Context German Grammar in Context. French Grammar in Context FOURTH EDITION MARGARET JUBB and ANNIE ROUXEVILLE. Fourth edition published in 2014 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 711 File Size: 1MBPage Count: 282