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ANSUAWS A2.4-98An American National Standard Standard Symbolsfor Welding,Brazing, andNondestructiveExamination

Key WOrds-ANSVAWS A2.4-98An American National StandardWeld symbola, welding symbols.brazing symbols., nondcstmctiveuuninadon symbolsApproved byAmerican Natlonal Standards InstituteNovember 8.1997Standard Symbols forWelding, Brazing, andNondestructive ExaminationSupersedes ANSYAWS A2.4-93mpnrrd byAWS Committee on Definitions and SymbolsUnder the D i i o n ofAWS Technical Activities CommitteeApproved byAWS Board of DirectorsAbstractThis standard establishes a method of specifying certnin welding, brazing. and nondestructive exmination informationby means of symbols. Detailed information and txamdes are provided for the construction and interpret-ation of thesesymbols. 'Illis-sysbm provides a m n a of specifying k l d i n g or brazing operations and nondcsttuniv examination. aswell ss the examination method, frequency, and extent.AmerlcaaWeldlngSocm550 N.W. kJeune Road, Miami. Florida 33126CopyrlgM bythe American Weldlng Soclety IncTue Dec 15 11:U:51 1088

Statemnt on Uls of AWS StandardsAll s t d u d s (codes, specifications, recommended practices, mathodn, classifications, and guides) of the AmericanWelding Society an voluntary consensus standuda that have been developed in accordance with the mles of the American National Standards Institute. When AWS standards an either incorporated in. or made pPt of, documenrP that anincludcd in federal or state laws and guluions.or the regulations of othcr governmental bodies, their provMons canythe full legal authority of the mute. In such -8,any changes in those AWS standards must be approved by the govcmmcntal body having atacurory jurisdiction b e f m they can koome a psrt of those laws md rrgulntions. In all cam,these rtrndards carry the Pull legal authority of the contra% or other document that invokes the AWS standards. Whmthis conuamal relationship exists, ehsogcs in or deviations from requirements of an AWS standard must be by agreement between the conh'acting parties.Intmational Stsndard Book Number: 047171-524-4Ammican Welding Society. 550 N.W.Weune Road. Miami. FL 331260 1998 by American Welding Society. All rights rCgCNedPrinted in the United States of AmericaNote: The pdmfy purpose of AWS is to w e and benefit its membm. To this end, AWS provides a forum for the exchange, considartion. and discussion of ideas md proposals that an relevant to the welding industry and tbe consensusof which f a m s the basis fathese standards. By providing such a forum. AWS does not assume any duties to which awetof thew, standards m y be q u i n d to adhere. By publishing this standard. (hc American Welding Society docs notinrw anyone usln# the i n f o r m a h it contnins against any liability arising from fhat use. Publication of a stsndsrd bythe American Welding Society das not C U I with it any right to make, use, or sell any patented items. Usen of the informdon in this standard ahwld makc an independent, substantiating investigation of the validity of that infomultonfor their paieular use and the patent Matus of any item r d c d to h i n .With regard to technical inquiries nude concerning AWS rtand.rdr, ornl opinions on AWS r t a n d d s may be d d .However, wch opinions rsprracnt only hpersonal opinions of the paRiculu individuals giving them. lhae individualsdo not rpuk oa behalf of AWS. nor do tw ornl opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or intupmations ofAWS. In addition, onl opinions an informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interprrtation.'IW madud is subject to revis'bn u any bms by the AWS CommitW on Deftnitions MIISymbols. It must be m*wedevay five yun and if not mid, il must be e i k reapproved or wilhdrawn. Comments (recommendations, additions.a dclctbol) and any patincnt data thr m y be of usc &improving this sundud am rcqunted md should be addrcsacdto AWS H d u . n m . Such comments will meive carui lconsidcnlion bv tbe AWS Committee on Definitions andSymbol and &a author of the comments will be informed of the ommitt&'s csponw,to the comments. Guests areinvited to Urcad dl meetings of the AWS C4mmittw on Definitions and Symbols to expmss heircommcw v d y .Fmdum fa.ppalof an d v m dscisian concerning all such comments are povided in the Rules of Opention ofthelbchDid Activltics Committee. A copy of these Ruler can be obtained from tbe American Welding Society. 550 N.W.Womm Rod M i . FL 33126.Authoridon to photocopy items for intcnul. penonal, or educational cktsmom use only, or the intanrl. personal, arQutiolul clsuman un only of ticclients, is granted by tbe h c c Welding Society (AWS) pwidod tht therppropciuc fee is paid to the Copyright h t e l n m Center. 222 Rosnwwd Drive. Danvcrs. MA 01923. Tcl: 508-750-84m oaline: htlpJlmvw.copyright.comCopyright by the Amerlcan Weldlng Soclely IncTue Dec 15 11:U:OZ 1998

PersonnelAWS Committee on Dellnitions and SymbolsR. L Holdren. ChairmanA. J. Kafhrens, 1st Vicc ChainnanJ. E. Greer: 2nd Vicr ChairmanC. B. Pollock, SecrefaiyL J. BarleyH. B. CaryJ. f? Christcin*G. B. CoafesC. K. Ford*K. W FordyceW L GnenB. B. GrimmenM. J. Grycko, JEI. G. GumfherE. A. Hanvari*M.J. HoulcR. D. McGuire*D. H. OnsL 1. Siy1. J. SfancuakJ. I. k8iEdison Welding InstituteCanadian Welding BureauMorraine Valley Community CollegeAmerican Welding SocietyITW Welding Pmducts CompanyConsultantNewporr News ShipbuildingGeneral Dynamics Armament SystemsHoban InstituteElliott CompanyOhio State UniversityAshland Chemical CompanyPacker EngineeringDean Lally L PConsultantWelding Engineering ServicesNational Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel InspectorsConsultantCompositools, IncorporatedSteel Dctailers and DesignersJ. J. Vagi ConsultantAWS Subcommitlee on SymbolsCanadian Welding BureaulNational Board of Boiler & Ressurc V e s InspecIorsAmerican Welding SociayITW Welding Products CompanyNewport News ShipbuildingGeneral Dynamics Armament SystemsHobart InstituteOhio State UniversityDean b l l y L PConsultantCompositools. IncorporatedSteel Dctailers &DesignersA. J. Kathrens, ChalrmanR. D. McGuin. 1st Vicc ChairmanC. B. Pollock. Secretary*LJ. BarleyJ. P. ChristcinW . B. CaatuC. K. FordW.L GncnJ. G. GuenfherE. A. HanvartL J. SiyJ. J. S f a n diiiCopyright by the American Welding Society InCTue Dec 15 11:45:09 1098

Foreword(This Foreword is not a part of ANSUAWS A2.4-98. Stcuuhnl Symbolsfor Welding, Brazing, and Nondestrucrive Exmination, but is included for information purposes only).Welding cannot take its proper place as a fabricating loo1 unless means are provided for conveying the information fromthe designer to the welding personnel. Statements such as "to be welded throughout" or 'to be completely welded." in effect.transfer the design responsibility from the designer to the welder, who cannot be expected to know design requirements.These symbols provide the means for placing welding, brazing, and examination information on drawings. The system for symbolic representation of welds on engineering drawings used in this standard is consistent with the %irdangle" method of projection. This is the method predominately used in the United States. In practice, many companieswill need only a few of the symbols and, if they desire, can select only the parts of the system that fit their needs.In the past, the use of the words. "far side" and 'hear side" in the interpretation of welding symbols has led to confusion because when joints are shown in section, all welds ace equally distant from the reader and the words "near" and"far" are meaningless. In the present system, the joint is the basis of reference. Any welded joint indicated by a symbolwill always have an "mow side" and an "other side." Accordingly, the terms arrow side, other side, and both sides areused herein to locate the weld with respect to the joint.The tail of the symbol is used for designating the welding and cutting processes, as well as the welding specifications,procedures, or the supplementary information to be used in making the weld. When only the size and type of weld arespecified, the information necessary for making that weld is limited. The process, identification of filler metal that is tobe used whether peening. root gouging. or other operations are required, and other pertinent data, should be known. Thenotation to be placed in thc tail of the symbol indicating these data will usually be established by each user.Symbols in this publication are intended to be used to facilitate communications among designer, shop. and fabrication personnel. The usual limitations included in specifications and codes are beyond the scope of this standard.IUustmtionc included with the tcrt are intended to show how correct applications of symbols may be used toconvey weldlug o r e m i n a t l o n information and a m not Intended to m p m e n t recommended welding o r designpnctlcc.Pan B, Brazing-Symbols,uses the same symbols for brazing.- that arc used for welding.Pan C, Nondestructive Examination Symbda. establishes symbols to be used on drawings to specify nondestructiveexamination for determining the soundness of materials. Thc nondestructive examination symbols included in the standard represent nondestructive examination methods as discussed in the latest edition of AWS publication B1.lO, Guidefor the ondestructiveInspection of Welds. Definitions and details for use of the various nondestructive examinationmethods are found in AWS B1.10.AWS A2.4 came into existwce in 1976 as the mult of combining and supmeding two earlier documents A2.0. Stanh r d Wcldinm Svnbols. and A2.2. Nondcsrructive Testinn Svmbols. Both of the earlier documents had their orieins inwork done j%ly by tihe mericanWelding Society and Sectional Committee Y32.A2.0 was first published in1947 and revised in 1958 and 1968; A2.2 first appeared in 1958 and was revised in 1%9.AWS A2.4-76. Symbolsfor Welding and Nondestructive Testing, was the first version of the combined documents andwas prsp.nd by the AWS Committee on Definitions and Symbols. It was revised in 1979 as A2.4-79, Symbolsfor Welding and Nondestmfiw Tcsting, Including Bmzing and revised again in 1986 with the title, Standard Symbolsfor Welding, Brazing, and Nondestructive Examination. ANSVAWS A2.4-98 is the second revision of the 1986 document andhas the same title.OEcial interpretations of any of the technical requirements of this standard may be obtained by sending a request, inwriting, to the Managing Director. Technical Services, American Welding Society. A formal reply will be issued after ithas been reviewed by the appropriate personnel following established procedures. Users of this standard arc invited tosuggest additional symbols or revisions for consideration by the committee. These suggestions should be addressed tothe Secretary, Committee on Definitions and Symbols. American Welding Society. 550 N.W. W e u n e Road, Miami,Florida 33126.-.Copyright by the American Welding Society IncTue Dec 15 11:4:14 1008

Table of Contents.Personnel .111Fonword .iv.List of Tables .VIII.List of Figuns . v i i P a n A- Welding Symbols .11 Basic Symbols.I1.1 Distinction Between Weld Symbol and Welding Symbol .I1.2 Weld Symbols .11.3 Welding Symbols . I1.4 Supplementary Symbols .I1.5 Placement of Welding Symbol . I1.6 lllustmtions .I2.Basic Types of Joints .4.General Provisions . 43.1 Location Significance of A m w43.2 Location of Weld with Respect to Joint .43.3 Orientation of Specific Weld Symbols . 53.4 Break in A m w . 53.5 Combined Weld Symbols . 53.6 Multiple A m w L

AWS A2.4-76. Symbolsfor Welding and Nondestructive Testing, was the first version of the combined documents and was prsp.nd by the AWS Committee on Definitions and Symbols. It was revised in 1979 as A2.4-79, Symbols for Weld- ing and Nondestmfiw Tcsting, Including Bmzing and revised again in 1986 with the title, Standard Symbols for Weld-File Size: 2MBPage Count: 118