Manual: Flow Test Data Book And Flow Handbook For 405 .

Transcription

Reference Manual00821-0100-4810, Rev EAMay 2014Flow Test Data Book and Flow Handbook for405 Compact Orifice Series and 1595Conditioning Orifice Plate

Title PageReference ManualMay 201400821-0100-4810, Rev EA405 Compact Orifice Series and 1595Conditioning Orifice Plate Flow TestData BookNOTICERead this manual before working with the product. For personal and system safety, and foroptimum product performance, make sure to thoroughly understand the contents beforeinstalling, using, or maintaining this product.Customer Central1-800-999-9307 (7:00 a.m. to 7:00 P.M. CST)National Response Center1-800-654-7768 (24 hours a day)Equipment service needsInternational1-(952) 906-8888The products described in this document are NOT designed for nuclear-qualifiedapplications.Using non-nuclear qualified products in applications that require nuclear-qualifiedhardware or products may cause inaccurate readings.For information on Rosemount nuclear-qualified products, contact an Emerson ProcessManagement Sales Representative.Emerson Process Management satisfies all obligations coming from legislation toharmonize product requirements in the European Union.iii

Title PageMay 2014ivReference Manual00821-0100-4810, Rev EA

Reference ManualTable of Contents00821-0100-4810, Rev EAMay 2014Contents1Section 1: 405 Compact Orifice Series and 1595 ConditioningOrifice Plate1.1 Product features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2.1 Structural testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.2.2 In-house performance testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.2.3 Independent testing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.3 Product specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Section 2: Theory of Operation2.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.2 Technical detail. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.3 Compact orifice plate technology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.4 Conditioning orifice plate technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Section 3: Test Facilities and Flow Tests3.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.2 Testing laboratories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.3 Gravimetric procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.4 Flow tests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.4.1 Run to run repeatability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.4.2 Meter installed 2D downstream of the following fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.5 Run to run repeatability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103.6 Single elbow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .253.7 Double elbows in plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .283.8 Double elbows out of plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .333.9 Swirl generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .383.10 8 x 6-in. reduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .463.11 Butterfly valve at 75% open. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .493.12 Gate valve. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52Table of Contentsv

Reference ManualTable of Contents00821-0100-4810, Rev EAMay 20144Section 4: Flow Calculations4.1 Rosemount 405C and 1595 Conditioning Orifice Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .554.1.1 Calculated values and variables designations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .554.1.2 Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .564.2 Rosemount 405P Compact Orifice Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .594.2.1 Calculated values and variables designations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .594.2.2 Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .604.3 Flow calculation tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62viTable of Contents

Section 1: 405 Compact Orifice Series and1595 Conditioning Orifice PlateReference Manual00821-0100-4810, Rev EAMay 2014Section 1405 Compact Orifice Series and1595 Conditioning Orifice PlateProduct features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 1Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 1Product specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 31.1Product featuresThe Rosemount 405 Compact Orifice Series (standard and condition plate options) and 1595Conditioning Orifice Plate primary flow elements maintain the traditional strengths of orificeplate technology with improved features / performance.The strengths of the 405 include: More economical than a traditional orifice plate installation Accurate and repeatable Short Straight Run Requirements (405C - 2D Upstream and 2D Downstream) Self centering mechanism Based on ASME/ISO Corner Tap DesignThe strengths of the 1595 include: Based on the most common primary element in the world with established standardsfor manufacture and installation. Easy to use, prove, and troubleshoot Accurate and repeatable Short Straight Run Requirements (2D Upstream and 2D Downstream) Based on ASME/ISO/AGA standardsThe Rosemount 405 and 1595 primary flow elements are sized using Rosemount's InstrumentToolkit sizing program. This program provides accurate flow calculations using installationdetails and fluid properties for the flowmeter and presents this on a calculation data sheet orspecification sheet.1.2TestingTests performed on the 405/1595 primary flow elements are divided into three majorcategories: Mechanical and structural testing In-house performance testing Independent laboratory testing1

Section 1: 405 Compact Orifice Series and1595 Conditioning Orifice PlateReference Manual00821-0100-4810, Rev EAMay 2014All categories are on going and continue to be a part of the current Rosemount test program forthe 405/1595 primary flow elements.1.2.1Structural testingRosemount performed integrity testing for: Allowable stress limits Hydrostatic pressure Thermal effects VibrationAt the following labs:1.2.2 Hauser Laboratories, Boulder, CO Rosemount Vibration Laboratory, Eden Prairie, MNIn-house performance testingExtensive in-house testing was conducted on Rosemount 1595, Rosemount 405C, andRosemount 405P orifice plate primary elements to verify performance standards. Flow testswere performed in the Rosemount flow laboratory in 2 to 10-in. (50.8 to 254 mm) pipeline,using independently certified magnetic flowmeters or the laboratory's gravimetric system asprimary reference.In-house performance tests performed: Straight run requirements Run to run repeatability (with and without disassembly/re-assembly) Pipe adjustment factors Sensitivity to centeringTesting was also performed to determine minimum straight run requirements after thefollowing upstream disturbances: Single elbow Double elbows in plane Double elbows out of plane Reduction Expansion Butterfly valvePerformance was also evaluated with up to 20 degrees of induced swirl.2

Reference ManualSection 1: 405 Compact Orifice Series and1595 Conditioning Orifice Plate00821-0100-4810, Rev EAMay 20141.2.3Independent testingRosemount 405 and 1595 primary flow element models were tested at four independentlaboratories. Colorado Engineering Experiment Station, Inc. (CEESI) Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) Foxboro Co. Flow Lab Daniel Flow LabCertified flow-data sheets were supplied from each of these facilities. Representative samples oftests conducted at Rosemount and independent laboratories are in Section 3: Test Facilities andFlow Tests.1.3Product specificationsThe above testing has enabled Rosemount to provide product which conforms to the followingspecifications:Table 1-1. Rosemount 405 Compact Orifice FlowmeterTypeBetaDischarge coefficient uncertaintyConditioning0.4 0.50%Conditioning0.50 1.00%Conditioning0.65 1.00%Standard (1/2 to 11/2-in. line size)(1)0.4 1.75%Standard (1/2 to 11/2-in. line size)(1)0.50 1.75%0.65 1.75%Standard (2 to 8-in. line size)0.4 1.25%Standard (2 to 8-in. line size)0.50 1.25%Standard (2 to 8-in. line size)0.65 1.25%11Standard ( /2 to 1 /2-in. line size)(1)(1) Discharge Coefficient Uncertainty for 1/2-in. units with Beta 0.65 is 2.25% (2.5% of flow).Table 1-2. Rosemount 1595 Conditioning Orifice PlateBeta ratioDischarge coefficient uncertainty 0.40 0.50% 0.50 1.00% 0.65 1.00%Straight pipe requirementUse the appropriate lengths of straight pipe upstream and downstream of the 405 to minimizethe effects of moderate flow disturbances in the pipe. Table 1-4 lists recommended lengths ofstraight pipe per ISO 5167.3

Reference ManualSection 1: 405 Compact Orifice Series and1595 Conditioning Orifice Plate00821-0100-4810, Rev EAMay 2014Table 1-3. 405C / 1595 Straight Pipe Requirements(1)Upstream (inlet)Beta(1)0.400.500.65Reducer (1 line size)222Single 90 bend or tee222Two or more 90 bends in the same plane222Two or more 90 bends in different plane222Up to 10 of swirl222Butterfly valve (75% to 100% open)2N/AN/ADownstream (outlet) side of primary2220.400.500.65Reducer5812Single 90 bend or tee162244Two or more 90 bends in the same plane101844Two or more 90 bends in different plane507560Expander122028Ball / Gate valve fully open121218Downstream (outlet) side of primary667Consult an Emerson Process Management representative if disturbance is not listed.Table 1-4. 405P Straight Pipe Requirements(1)(2)(3)Upstream (inlet)Beta(1)(2)(3)4Consult an Emerson Process Management representative if disturbance is not listed.Recommended lengths represented in pipe diameters per ISO 5167.Refer to ISO 5167 for recommended lengths when using flow straighteners.

Section 2: Theory of OperationReference ManualMay 201400821-0100-4810, Rev EASection 2Theory of OperationOverview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 5Technical detail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 5Compact orifice plate technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 6Conditioning orifice plate technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 62.1OverviewThe Rosemount 405 and 1595, based on orifice plate technology, are devices used to measurethe flow of a liquid, gas, or steam fluid that flows through a pipe. It enables flow measurement bycreating a differential pressure (DP) that is proportional to the square of the velocity of the fluidin the pipe, in accordance with Bernoulli's theorem. This DP is measured and converted into aflow rate using a secondary device, such as a DP pressure transmitter.The flow is related to DP through the following relationship.Equation 1DPQ K -------- where:Q Flow rateK Units conversion factor, discharge coefficient, and other factorsDP Differential pressure DensityFor a more complete discussion on the flow equation, refer to Section 4: Flow Calculations.2.2Technical detailAs stated previously, traditional orifice plate flowmeters are based on Bernoulli's theorem, whichstates that along any one streamline in a moving fluid, the total energy per unit mass is constant,being made up of the potential energy (the pressure energy), and the kinetic energy of the fluid.Where:2211P 1 --- 1 V 1 P 2 --- 2 V 222where:P1 Upstream pressureP2 Downstream pressure 1 Upstream density 2 Downstream densityV1 Upstream velocityV2 Downstream velocityWhen fluid passes through the orifice the velocity of the fluid through the orifice increases. Thisincrease in fluid velocity causes the kinetic energy of the fluid immediately downstream of theorifice plate to increase, while simultaneously decreasing the static pressure energy of the fluid5

Reference ManualSection 2: Theory of Operation00821-0100-4810, Rev EAMay 2014at that same point. By sensing the static pressure on the upstream and downstream sides of theorifice plate, the fluid velocity can be determined.Some assumptions were made in deriving the theoretical equation, which in practice are notvalid: a) Energy is conserved in the flow stream. b) Pressure taps are at ideal locatio

Flow Test Data Book and Flow Handbook for 405 Compact Orifice Series and 1595 Conditioning Orifice Plate . Reference Manual 00821-0100-4810, Rev EA Title Page May 2014 iii 405 Compact Orifice Series and 1595 Conditioning Orifice Plate Flow Test Data Book Emerson Process Management satisfies all obligations coming from legislation to harmonize product requirements in the European