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KEITH BARKER CCIE No. 6783KEVIN WALLACE CCIE No. 7945MICHAEL D. TAYLORCert GuideLearn, prepare, and practice for exam successSave 10%on ExamVoucherN10-006See InsideIncludes a free copy ofthe CompTIA Network N10-006 Hands-on LabSimulator!

CompTIA Network N10-006 Cert GuideDeluxe Edition Book Authors:Keith Barker, CCIE No. 6783Kevin Wallace, CCIE No. 7945Network Hands-On Lab Simulator Software Author:Michael D. Taylor800 East 96th StreetIndianapolis, Indiana 46240 USAdeluxe.indb i1/27/15 8:43 PM

CompTIA Network N10-006 Cert Guide, Deluxe EditionCopyright 2015 by Pearson CertificationAll rights reserved. No part of this book shall be reproduced, stored ina retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical,photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission fromthe publisher. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of theinformation contained herein. Although every precaution has been taken inthe preparation of this book, the publisher and author assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. Nor is any liability assumed for damagesresulting from the use of the information contained herein.ISBN-13: 9780789754738ISBN-10: 0789754738Library of Congress Control Number: 2015930209Printed in the United States on AmericaFirst Printing: February 2015TrademarksAll terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. Pearson cannot attest tothe accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book should not beregarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark.Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.Warning and DisclaimerEvery effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurateas possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied. The informationprovided is on an “as is” basis. The author and the publisher shall haveneither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect toany loss or damages arising from the information contained in this bookor from the use of the DVD or programs accompanying it.Special SalesFor information about buying this title in bulk quantities, or for specialsales opportunities (which may include electronic versions; custom coverdesigns; and content particular to your business, training goals, marketingfocus, or branding interests), please contact our corporate sales departmentat corpsales@pearsoned.com or (800) 382-3419.Associate PublisherDave DusthimerExecutive EditorBrett BartowSenior DevelopmentEditorChristopher ClevelandManaging EditorSandra SchroederProject EditorSeth KerneyCopy EditorKeith ClineIndexerTim WrightProofreaderGill Editorial ServicesTechnical EditorsMichelle PlumbAnthony SequeriaPublishing CoordinatorVanessa EvansMultimedia DeveloperLisa MatthewsBook DesignerMark ShirarCompositionTrina WurstFor government sales inquiries, please contactgovernmentsales@pearsoned.com.For questions about sales outside the U.S., please contactinternational@pearsoned.com.deluxe.indb ii1/27/15 8:43 PM

Contents at a GlanceIntroduction xxvCHAPTER 1Computer Network FundamentalsCHAPTER 2The OSI Reference ModelCHAPTER 3Network Components 60CHAPTER 4Ethernet Technology 112CHAPTER 5IPv4 and IPv6 AddressesCHAPTER 6Routing IP PacketsCHAPTER 7Wide-Area Networks 230CHAPTER 8Wireless LANs 266CHAPTER 9Network Optimization 296CHAPTER 10Command-Line ToolsCHAPTER 11Network ManagementCHAPTER 12Network SecurityCHAPTER 13Network TroubleshootingCHAPTER 14Final PreparationAPPENDIX AAnswers to Review QuestionsAPPENDIX BNetwork N10-006 Exam UpdatesAPPENDIX CExam 490494506533ON THE DVD:deluxe.indb iiiAPPENDIX DMemory TablesAPPENDIX EMemory Table Answer KeyAPPENDIX FStudy Planner1/27/15 8:43 PM

ivCompTIA Network N10-006 Cert Guide, Deluxe EditionTable of ContentsIntroductionChapter 1xxvComputer Network Fundamentals 2Foundation Topics 4Defining a Network 4The Purpose of Networks 4Overview of Network Components 5Networks Defined by Geography 7LANWAN78Other Categories of Networks 8CAN8MAN8PAN9Networks Defined by Topology 9Physical Versus Logical Topology 9Bus Topology 11Ring Topology 13Star Topology 14Hub-and-Spoke Topology 15Full-Mesh Topology 17Partial-Mesh Topology 18Networks Defined by Resource Location 19Client/Server Networks 19Peer-to-Peer Networks 21Real-World Case Study 22Summary23Exam Preparation Tasks 23Review Questions 25Chapter 2The OSI Reference Model 28Foundation Topics 30The Purpose of Reference Models 30The OSI Model 31Layer 1: The Physical Layer 33Layer 2: The Data Link Layer 37deluxe.indb iv1/27/15 8:43 PM

ContentsvMedia Access Control 37Logical Link Control 38Layer 3: The Network Layer 40Layer 4: The Transport Layer 42Layer 5: The Session Layer 44Layer 6: The Presentation Layer 46Layer 7: The Application Layer 47The TCP/IP Stack 48Layers of the TCP/IP Stack 48Common Application Protocols in the TCP/IP Stack 51Real-World Case Study 55Summary56Exam Preparation Tasks 56Review Questions 58Chapter 3Network Components 60Foundation Topics 62Media62Coaxial Cable 62Twisted-Pair Cable 64Shielded Twisted Pair 64Unshielded Twisted Pair 65Plenum Versus Nonplenum Cable 68Fiber-Optic Cable 69Multimode Fiber 69Single-Mode Fiber 71Fiber Connector Polishing Styles 73Media Converters 74Cable Distribution 74Wireless Technologies 76Network Infrastructure Devices 77Hubs77BridgesSwitches7980Multilayer Switches 87Routers88Infrastructure Device Summary 89deluxe.indb v1/27/15 8:43 PM

viCompTIA Network N10-006 Cert Guide, Deluxe EditionSpecialized Network Devices 90VPN Concentrators 90Firewalls91DNS Servers 92DHCP Servers 94Proxy Servers 96Content Engines 97Content Switches 98Virtual Network Devices 99Virtual Servers 99Virtual Routers and Firewalls 100Virtual Switches 101Virtual Desktops 102Other Virtualization Solutions 102Cloud Computing 103Software-Defined Networking 104Voice over IP Protocols and Components 104Real-World Case Study 105Summary106Exam Preparation Tasks 107Review Questions 109Chapter 4Ethernet Technology 112Foundation Topics 114Principles of Ethernet 114Ethernet Origins 114Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detect 116Distance and Speed Limitations 120Ethernet Switch Features 122Virtual LANs 122Switch Configuration for an Access Port 124Trunks125Switch Configuration for a Trunk Port 127Spanning Tree Protocol 127Corruption of a Switch’s MAC Address Table 128Broadcast Storms 129STP Operation 130deluxe.indb vi1/27/15 8:43 PM

ContentsviiLink Aggregation 133LACP Configuration 134Power over Ethernet 135Port Monitoring 136Port Mirroring Configuration 138User Authentication 138Management Access and Authentication 140First-Hop Redundancy 141Other Switch Features 142Real-World Case Study 143Summary144Exam Preparation Tasks 144Review Questions 146Chapter 5IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses 148Foundation Topics 150Binary Numbering 150Principles of Binary Numbering 150Converting a Binary Number to a Decimal Number 151Converting a Decimal Number to a Binary Number 151Binary Numbering Practice 153Binary Conversion Exercise 1 153Binary Conversion Exercise 1: Solution 154Binary Conversion Exercise 2 154Binary Conversion Exercise 2: Solution 154Binary Conversion Exercise 3 154Binary Conversion Exercise 3: Solution 155Binary Conversion Exercise 4 155Binary Conversion Exercise 4: Solution 156IPv4 Addressing 157IPv4 Address Structure 157Classes of Addresses 159Types of Addresses 161Unicast161Broadcast 161Multicast 162deluxe.indb vii1/27/15 8:43 PM

viiiCompTIA Network N10-006 Cert Guide, Deluxe EditionAssigning IPv4 Addresses 163IP Addressing Components 163Static Configuration 164Dynamic Configuration 169BOOTPDHCP169169Automatic Private IP Addressing 171Subnetting172Purpose of Subnetting 172Subnet Mask Notation 173Subnet Notation: Practice Exercise 1 174Subnet Notation: Practice Exercise 1 Solution 174Subnet Notation: Practice Exercise 2 175Subnet Notation: Practice Exercise 2 Solution 175Extending a Classful Mask 175Borrowed Bits 175Calculating the Number of Created Subnets 176Calculating the Number of Available Hosts 176Basic Subnetting Practice: Exercise 1 177Basic Subnetting Practice: Exercise 1 Solution 177Basic Subnetting Practice: Exercise 2 178Basic Subnetting Practice: Exercise 2 Solution 178Calculating New IP Address Ranges 179Advanced Subnetting Practice: Exercise 1 182Advanced Subnetting Practice: Exercise 1 Solution 182Advanced Subnetting Practice: Exercise 2 183Advanced Subnetting Practice: Exercise 2 Solution 184Additional Practice 185Classless Interdomain Routing 186IP Version 6 187Need for IPv6 187IPv6 Address Structure 188IPv6 Address Types 189IPv6 Data Flows 189Unicast189Multicast 190Anycastdeluxe.indb viii1911/27/15 8:43 PM

ContentsixReal-World Case Study 192Summary192Exam Preparation Tasks 193Review Questions 194Chapter 6Routing IP Packets 198Foundation Topics 200Basic Routing Processes 200Sources of Routing Information 203Directly Connected Routes 203Static Routes 204Dynamic Routing Protocols 205Routing Protocol Characteristics 207Believability of a Route 208Metrics208Interior Versus Exterior Gateway Protocols 209Route Advertisement Method 210Distance Vector 210Link State 212Routing Protocol Examples 212Address Translation 214NATPAT214217Multicast Routing 218IGMPPIM218220PIM-DM221PIM-SM223Real-World Case Study 224Summary225Exam Preparation Tasks 226Review Questions 227Chapter 7Wide-Area Networks 230Foundation Topics 232WAN Properties 232WAN Connection Types 232WAN Data Rates 234deluxe.indb ix1/27/15 8:43 PM

xCompTIA Network N10-006 Cert Guide, Deluxe EditionWAN Media Types 235Physical Media 235Wireless Media 236WAN Technologies 237Dedicated Leased Line 237T1 238E1239T3 239E3239CSU/DSU239Metro Ethernet 240Point-to-Point Protocol 241Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet 242Microsoft RRAS 243Digital Subscriber Line 244Cable Modem 246Synchronous Optical Network 247Satellite249Plain Old Telephone Service 251Integrated Services Digital Network 253Frame Relay 255Asynchronous Transfer Mode 256Multiprotocol Label Switching 259Overlay Networks 260Real-World Case Study 261Summary261Exam Preparation Tasks 262Review Questions 263Chapter 8Wireless LANs 266Foundation Topics 268Introducing Wireless LANs 268WLAN Concepts and Components 268Wireless Routers 268Wireless Access Point 269Antennas270Frequencies and Channels 273deluxe.indb x1/27/15 8:43 PM

ContentsCSMA/CAxi275Transmission Methods 276WLAN Standards c278802.11x Standard Summary 278Deploying Wireless LANs 279Types of WLANs 279IBSS279BSS 280ESS280Mesh Topology 281Sources of Interference 281Wireless AP Placement 283Securing Wireless LANs 284Security Issues 284Approaches to WLAN Security 286Security Standards 288WEP288WPA289WPA2289Additional Wireless Options 290Real-World Case Study 290Summary291Exam Preparation Tasks 291Review Questions 293Chapter 9Network Optimization 296Foundation Topics 298High Availability 298High-Availability Measurement 298Fault-Tolerant Network Design 298Hardware Redundancy 300deluxe.indb xi1/27/15 8:43 PM

xiiCompTIA Network N10-006 Cert Guide, Deluxe EditionLayer 3 Redundancy 300Design Considerations for High-Availability Networks301High-Availability Best Practices 302Content Caching 302Load Balancing 303QoS Technologies 304Introduction to QoS 304QoS Configuration Steps 305QoS Components 306QoS Mechanisms 307Classification 308Marking308Congestion Management 309Congestion Avoidance 309Policing and Shaping 310Link Efficiency 312Case Study: SOHO Network Design 313Case Study Scenario 313Suggested Solution 315IP Addressing 315Layer 1 Media 317Layer 2 Devices 317Layer 3 Devices 318Wireless Design 318Environmental Factors 319Cost Savings Versus Performance 320Topology320Real-World Case Study 320Summary321Exam Preparation Tasks 322Review Questions 323Chapter 10Command-Line Tools 326Foundation Topics 328Windows Commands 328arp328ipconfig 330nbtstat 333deluxe.indb xii1/27/15 8:43 PM