Transcription
Current Topics forNetworking ResearchWashington University in Saint LouisSaint Louis, MO 63130Jain@cse.wustl.eduKeynote Speech at International Conference on Advanced Computing,Networking, and Security (ADCONS) 2011Mangalore, India, December 17, 2011These slides are available on-line at:http://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htmhttp://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm1 2011 Raj Jain
Overview1. Security2. Mobile Networking3. Energy and Networking4. Data Center Networking5. Software defined Networking6. Next Generation Internethttp://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm2 2011 Raj Jain
2012: Where are we now? At the knee of Mobile Internet age (paradigm shift) Computing (IBM 360) Mini-computing (PDP11) Personal Computing (Desktop, PC MAC) Laptops Netbooks Smart Phones TabletsMost valued companies in the stock market are generally thosethat lead the paradigm shift Automotive (General Motors) Electrical (GE, EdisonElectric) Networking (Cisco 3Com in 80’s) Internet(Netscape Yahoo in 90’s) Mobile Internet (Apple MS Google, 2010’s)Note: Apple PC (MAC) company (mobile device company) Google search engine (mobile device company)Also Social Networking (Facebook), Internet Retail (Amazon)http://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm3 2011 Raj Jain
5 Future Predictors1.2.3.4.5. Miniaturization: Campus Datacenter Desktop Laptop Pocket Multi-functional Pocket deviceMobility: Static Mobile (1 km/hr) Mobile (100 km/hr) Mobile (600 km/hr)Distance: PAN (5m) LAN (500 m) MAN (50 km) WAN (500 km)Applications: Defense Industry PersonalSocial Needs: Energy, Environment, Health, SecurityBroadening and Aggregation: Research Many Solutions One Standard General Public adoption, e.g., EthernetNon-Linearity: Progress is not linear. It isexponential and bursty.Most predictions are linear underestimates.http://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm4 2011 Raj Jain
Issues in Networking ResearchList based on our interests and projects:1. Security2. Mobile Networking3. Energy and Networking4. Data Center Networking5. Software defined Networking6. Next Generation InternetShort term Medium Term Long Term Research Investmenthttp://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm5 2011 Raj Jain
1. Security Hackers: Individuals Organizations CountriesCyber Warfare: Nation States arepenetrating other nations computers 5th domain of warfare (after land,sea, air, space)USA UK, China, Russia, Israel, NorthKorea have cyber command centersCloud computing new cloud securityissues: Application service providers(ASPs), Cloud Service Providers(CSPs), Internet Service Providers(ISPs), and Users trust domains.Mobile devices (Android) Trojanshttp://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm6In Nov 2010, hackerscalling themselves“Indian Cyber Army”attacked PakistaniWebsites. In Dec2010, “Pakistan CyberArmy” attacked IndianCentral Bureau ofIntelligence. 2011 Raj Jain
2. Wireless and Mobile Networking700 MHz Long distance, rural areas Can partly handle device mobility Can’t handle inter-device mobility Watching a movie on a mobile,continue it on a laptop Moving from 4” to 17” to 40” screen Translation Vehicular networking Mobile Ad-hoc networking http://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm7 2011 Raj Jain
Aeronautical Datalinks (WUSTL) Unmanned Aircrafts: Border patrol, DronesVery long distances: Wi-Fi covers 100m. WiMAX covers 5km Aeronautical links need to cover 360 km Limited Power High bit error rateVery High Mobility: WiMAX/LTE is designed for 60-120 km/hr Aeronautical links need to cover 600 nm/hr (1080 km/hr)http://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm8 2011 Raj Jain
3. Energy Efficient Networking Original Internet design assumed allhosts are up all the timeComputer Industry produces as muchgreen house gases as the airlines industryEnergy Efficient EthernetDelay-Tolerant Networking:Routers store data if the next hop is downMobile phones are already energy efficient Can benefit from energy efficient backhaulSmart mobile devices can help in savings energy bylocation sensing and controlhttp://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm9 2011 Raj Jain
4. Datacenter Networking Cloud Computing: Applications throughInternet (Google Docs) Computing throughInternet (Amazon EC3) Storage and backup throughInternetIssues: Policy, Security, QoS issues(Multi-organizational ownership)Solution: Separation of Control and Data Planeshttp://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm10 2011 Raj Jain
Separation of Control and Data Planes Control Prepare forwardingtableData Plane: Forward using thetableForwarding table is prepared by acentral controllerProtocol between the controllerand the forwarding element:OpenFlowCentralized control of policiesSwitches are simple. Controllercan be complexLots of cheap switches Goodfor large rdingElementForwardingElementForwardingElementRef: [MCK08] OpenFlow: Enabling Innovation in Campus Networks," OpenFlow Whitepaper, March 2008http://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm11 2011 Raj Jain
5. Software Defined Networks Problem: Multiple tenants in the datacenterSolution: Use multiple controllers.Each tenant can enforce its policiesVLAN1Flow Table 1VLAN2Flow Table 2Other LANsOther trafficController 1Controller 2Significant industry interest Open Networking Foundation,https://www.opennetworking.org/Can be applied to Knowledge Network in Indiahttp://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm12 2011 Raj Jain
Problem: Complex Routers The routers are expensive because there is no standardimplementation.Every vendor has its own hardware, operating/ managementsystem, and proprietary protocol implementations.Similar to Mainframe era computers.No cross platform operating systems (e.g., Windows) or crossplatform applications (java programs).OSPF BGP DHCPNetwork Operating SystemCisco IOSJuniper JUNOSProprietaryfast forwarding hardwarehttp://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm13 2011 Raj Jain
Solution: Divide, Simplify and Standardize Computing became cheaper because of clear division ofhardware, operating system, and application boundaries withwell defined APIs between themVirtualization simple management multi-tenant isolationScientific Business BatchMSOffice OpenOfficeOS360 Operating SystemWindows OS X ChromeIBM 360 HW, Storage, Intel AMD ARMVM1 VM2 VM3HypervisorPhysical HWhttp://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm14 2011 Raj Jain
Multi-Tenant SDN ArchitectureEnterprise 1Enterprise 2Enterprise 3MulticastingMobilityApp1App2ApplicationsNetwork OS1Network OS2Network OS3Network OSNetwork VirtualizationForwarding HWVirtualizationForwarding HWForwardingForwarding HWForwarding HWhttp://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm15 2011 Raj Jain
6. Future Internet Projects In 2005 US National Science Foundation started a largeresearch and infrastructure program on next generation InternetQ: How would you design Internet today? Clean slate design.“Future Internet Design” (FIND): 48 projects Stanford, MIT, Berkeley, CMU, “An Architecture for Diversified Internet” at WUSTL“Global Environment for Networking Innovations” (GENI):29 projectsEuropean Union: 7th Framework programJapan: AKARI (A small light in the dark pointing to the future)China, Korea, Australia, 20 countriesRef: Jianli Pan, Subharthi Paul, and Raj Jain, "A Survey of Research on Future Internet Architectures," IEEEComm. Magazine, Vol. 49, No. 7, July 2011, pp. 26-36, http://www1.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/papers/internet.htmhttp://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm16 2011 Raj Jain
Trend: Moore’s LawComputing Hardware is cheap Memory is plenty Storage and computing (Intelligence) in the net EnergySpaceCommunicationin Space MatterTimeCommunicationin TimeRuralIndia Link Storage (USB, Caching, )Next Gen nets will use storage in networks, e.g., DTN, CCNhttp://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm17 2011 Raj Jain
Trend: Profusion of ServicesAlmost all top 50 Internet sites are services [Alexa] Smart Phones: iPhone, Android Apps New globally distributed services, Games, More clouds, Networks need to support efficient service setup and deliveryRef: Top 500 sites on the web, edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm18 2011 Raj Jain
Ten Key Features that Services NeedFacebook Eastcoast Facebook EuropeRackSpacePrivate Data Center, VAFacebook WestcoastPrivate Data Center, CAFacebook AsiaAmazon EC2InternetAccessISPAccessISPData VelocitySDNEnd User Hosts1. Replication: Multiple datacenters appear as one2. Fault Tolerance: Connect to B if A is downhttp://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm19 2011 Raj Jain
Key Features (Cont)3. Load Balancing: 50% to A, 50% to B4. Traffic Engineering: 80% on Path A, 20% on Path B5. Server Mobility: Move service between cloudsDynamic Setup Networking as a Service6. User Mobility: Gaming/Video/ should not stop as the usermoves7. Security: Provenance, Authentication, Privacy, .8. Service composition: Services using other services9. Customization: Every service has different needs10. Flow or Packet based forwarding: Movies, Storage Backup, ATMoMPLS, TDMoMPLS, FRoMPLS, EoMPLS, Packets in Access, Flows in Corehttp://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm20 2011 Raj Jain
Trend: Private Smart WANs Services totally avoid the Internet core Many private WANsGoogle WAN, Akamai Rules about how to connect usersGoogleData CenterGoogleData CenterGoogleData CenterGoogle’s WANInternetAccessISPAccessISPOpportunity for ISPs to offer these types of WAN serviceshttp://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm21 2011 Raj Jain
OpenADNHigh-Speed application delivery on a shared network Allows ASPs to quickly setup services icationB2openADNnodeInternetAccess ISPADN awareData centers and cloud platformsADN unawareEnd UserHostshttp://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm22 2011 Raj Jain
Key Features of openADN1. Edge devices only.Core network can be current TCP/IPbased or future SDN based2. Coexistence (Backward compatibility):Old on New. New on Old3. Incremental Deployment4. Economic Incentive for first adoptersMost versions of Ethernet followed these principles.Many versions of IP did not.http://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm23 2011 Raj Jain
Summary1. Peak of mobile internet paradigm shift2. Miniaturization, Mobility, Distance, Applications, Socialneeds help predict the future3. Key issues: Security, mobility, energy efficiency, cloudsupport4. Profusion of multi cloud-based applications on the Internet.Application services need replication, fault tolerance, trafficengineering, security, 5. OpenADN provides these features in a multi-cloudenvironment with backward compatibility, incrementaldeploymentApplication Delivery: Opportunity for ISP’shttp://www.cse.wustl.edu/ jain/talks/adcons.htm24 2011 Raj Jain
Energy Efficient Networking Original Internet design assumed all hosts are up all the time Computer Industry produces as much green house gases as the airlines industry Energy Efficient Ethernet Delay-Tolerant Networking: Routers store data if the next hop is down Mobile phones are already energy efficient Can benefit from energy efficient backhaul Smart mobile devices can help in savings .
