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If you have issues viewing or accessing this file, please contact us at NCJRS.gov.Investigative Case Management forMissing Children HomicidesChristine O. GregoireAttorney General of Washington&U.S. Department of JusticeOffice of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency PreventionCooperative Agreement93-MC-CX-K006byKenneth A. HanflandRobert D. KeppelJoseph G. Weis

Project StaffDr. Robert D. Keppel, Ph.D., Project DirectorDr. Keppel is Chief Criminal Investigator with the Washington State Attorney General's Office.He has over 23 years of homicide investigation experience. He received his Doctor ofPhilosophy Degree in Criminal Justice from the University of Washington in 1992. He foundedthe Homicide Investigation Tracking System (HITS) in Washington State.Dr. Joseph G. Weis, Ph.D., Research ManagerDr. Weis is the Director of the Center for Law and Justice and a Professor of Sociology at theUniversity of Washington. He was the past Editor of Criminology, the official journal of theAmerican Society of Criminology. His research interests include the etiology of juvenile crime,delinquency prevention, the measurement of crime, violent crime, and the measurement ofviolence. He has authored numerous articles in the field of criminology.Kenneth A. Hanfland, B.S., Project CoordinatorMr. Hanfland is Violent Crime Investigations Supervisor with Homicide Investigation andTracking System of the Criminal Justice Division of the Washington State Attorney General'sOffice. He was a Crime Analyst for 5 1/2 years at the FBI's National Center for the Analysis ofViolent Crime. He was a Police Officer for over 16 years, the last six years of which he workedas a Crime Analyst and supervisor.

Table of ContentsP r o j e c t S t a f f .iA c k n o w l e d g m e n t s .vI n t r o d u c t i o n .1M e t h o d o l o g y .3I d e n t i f y i n g P o t e n t i a l C a s e s .3C a s e C r i t e r i a .4D e s i g n o f the D a t a C o l l e c t i o n I n s t r u m e n t .4D a t a I n t e g r i t y .5T h e D a t a .6T h e V i c t i m s .7Initial P o l i c e I n v o l v e m e n t .8T h e V i c t i m o f C h i l d A b d u c t i o n M u r d e r .9G e n d e r .10A g e .10L i f e s t y l e o f V i c t i m s .11V i c t i m - K i l l e r R e l a t i o n s h i p .11T h e Killers .13K i l l e r A t t r i b u t e s .13M a r i t a l S t a t u s .14E m p l o y m e n t .14O c c u p a t i o n s .14R e s i d e n t i a l S t a t u s .15K i l l e r s ' L i f e s t y l e s .16K i l l e r s ' P r i o r C r i m e s .17K i l l e r s ' C u s t o d y S t a t u s .18T h e M . O . ( M o d u s O p e r a n d i ) a n d M o t i v a t i o n .18S e x u a l M o t i v a t i o n .19P o r n o g r a p h y .20C r i s e s a n d S t r e s s o r s .20C h o o s i n g a n d C o n t r o l l i n g the V i c t i m .20B i n d i n g o f the V i c t i m .21C a u s e o f D e a t h .22U n u s u a l A c t s .23B o d y D i s p o s a l .23P o s t - O f f e n s e B e h a v i o r .24

The Investigation .26Police Refusal to Accept A Missing or R u n a w a y Report .26Multiple Police Agencies .26U n k n o w i n g Witnesses .26N e i g h b o r h o o d Canvass .26Area Search .28W h o Discovered the B o d y of the V i c t i m ? .29Investigative Steps in the First 48 Hours .29Police " C o n t a c t " With The Killer .30Physical E v i d e n c e .30The Polygraph .31The N e w s M e d i a .32" O u t s i d e Forces" That Created Problems for the Investigation .33" R e d H e r r i n g s " . .33M u r d e r Incident Sites .34C o m p o n e n t s o f the M u r d e r Incident .34Separation of C o m p o n e n t s by T i m e and Distance .35B o d y R e c o v e r y Site .36M u r d e r Site .37Initial Victim-Killer Contact Site .38V i c t i m ' s Last K n o w n Location .39Series Cases .41Similarities Between Series A n d Non-Series Cases .41Victims' G e n d e r .41Victim-Killer Relationship .42Killers' Personal Problems .42Killers' Prior Crimes Against Children .43L i n k i n g Cases .43S u m m a r y and Conclusions .44iii

Index of TablesTable #1 - P e r c e n t a g e O f M i s s i n g C h i l d r e n R e p o r t s W i t h i n T i m e P e r i o d s . 82 - W h e n A b d u c t e d C h i l d W a s K i l l e d .93 - V i c t i m s ' R a c e .104 - V i c t i m s ' G e n d e r .105 - D i s t r i b u t i o n O f V i c t i m s ' A g e G r o u p s .106 - C h i l d V i c t i m - K i l l e r R e l a t i o n s h i p .117 - F e m a l e V i c t i m - K i l l e r R e l a t i o n s h i p , B y A g e G r o u p . 128 - M a l e V i c t i m - K i l l e r R e l a t i o n s h i p , B y A g e G r o u p . 129 - A g e G r o u p D i s t r i b u t i o n O f K i l l e r s .10 - K i l l e r s ' O c c u p a t i o n s .1315L i v i n g A r r a n g e m e n t s O f K i l l e r s .1512 - P e r c e i v e d L i f e s t y l e O f K i l l e r s .13 - P e r s o n a l P r o b l e m s O f T h e K i l l e r s .161711-14 - P r i o r C r i m e s A g a i n s t C h i l d r e n B y K i l l e r s . 1715 - M . O . S i m i l a r i t i e s B e t w e e n O t h e r C r i m e s A n d E x t a n t M u r d e r . 1916 - H o w T h e K i l l e r C h o s e H i s V i c t i m .2117 - C a u s e O f D e a t h .2218 - D i s p o s a l O f T h e V i c t i m ' s B o d y .2319 - P o s t O f f e n s e B e h a v i o r O f K i l l e r s .242 0 - W h o D i s c o v e r e d T h e B o d y ? .2921 - M a j o r I n v e s t i g a t i v e S t e p s In F i r s t 4 8 H o u r s . 2922 - P h y s i c a l E v i d e n c e . 3123 - R

Investigative Case Management for Missing Children Homicides Christine O. Gregoire Attorney General of Washington & U.S. Department of Justice Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Cooperative Agreement 93-MC-CX-K006 by Kenneth A. Hanfland Robert D. Keppel Joseph G. Weis