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Past, Present, and Future of the 3DPrinted WorldUnderstanding What They Are and HowThey WorkPaul and Paula Waak, 2014
Overview1. What is 3D Printing?2. Choosing the Right Printer3. Setting Up the Printer4. Getting More Information5. Questions
What Is 3D Printing?1. 3D Printing Technologya. Jargonb. Personal manufacturing, aka., 3D printingc. Types of filament2. Current Uses3. Social Impact4. Thinking about the Future
JargonComputer Aided Design (CAD)Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM)Computer Numerical Control (CNC)Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
Personal manufacturing,aka., 3D printingAdditive and subtractive manufacturingPhotopolymer based printingPowder based printingFilament based printing
Types of filamentABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) plastic Very stable and safe (Lego plastic) High melting temperature SturdyPLA (Polylactic acid) plastic Biodegradable Safer than ABS for food & body use Low melting temperature Somewhat fragile
Types of filamentPVA (Polyvinyl alcohol) plastic Dissolves in cold water Used for support in complex modelsWood plastic Darkens with higher extruder temperatureBrick plastic Has the texture of sandstone
Types of filamentTaulman 618 Nylon Very sturdy, flexible and stable Toxic fumes while printing; needs aventilation hood or equivalentTaulman T-Glase Very sturdy, similar to acrylic Translucent No fume issues
Types of filamentUrethane (Polyurethanes) Flexible rubber Toxic fumes while printing; needs aventilation hood or equivalentRecreus Filaflex Elastic plastic Suitable for printing shoes May require a special extruder
Types of filamentConductive ABS Blend of ABS and carbon fiber Can print both electric circuits andelectromagnetic shieldingFlame Retardant ABS Self extinguishes Suitable for appliance parts (like coffeemakers)
Established Uses Product prototypingSimple home repairToysJewelryHearing aidesStop motion animationModels for pre-surgery planningArchitectural modelsWorks of artDecor
New Uses Nike shoe cleat for the NFLTissue samples for drug testingPlastic bones for reconstructive surgery2,000 sq ft house frames in 24 hours for 5kProsthetic hands for 60Waterproof casts with better air circulationDIY cosmeticsOmnidirectional speakersFax 3D objectsDuplicating fossil records
Social Impact Education Do It Yourself and Fix It Yourself Home: Best Buy, MakertronicCommunity: Fayetteville, Sacramento, SaginawArt: Captured Dimensions, 900lbs of CreativeBusiness: PartSnap, The UPS Store
Thinking About the FutureRemember dot matrix printers and fax machinesin 1974? Computers and printers have come along way in 40 years, personal manufacturing isjust beginning.Plan to upgrade every 2 years to stay current orevery 5 years to stay functional.
Choosing the Right Printer1. Cost2. Features3. Software
How Much Do 3D Printers Cost? 400 - 2,500 Makerbot Replicator 2X 2,499Ultimaker 2 1,895.00 2,598Solidoodle 3rd Generation 799DIY 200
Cost of FilamentStandard Colors 25 - 45 per 1KgFluorescent & Metallic 31 - 55 per 1KgGlow in the Dark /Glittery / Specialty 35 - 90 per 1Kg
Getting a 3D Printer for Your Library1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.PriceSizeSoundPrint SpeedDetail QualityDIY or Pre-builtSoftware CompatibilityNumber of ExtrudersRead Customer Reviews* Makezine.com & 3ders.org
Types of SoftwareFree Computer Software Trimble Sketchup (architectural) Blender (visual art / animation) OpenSCAD (programming) Autodesk 123D (engineering)Purchasing Professional Computer Software Autodesk AutoCAD Professional Software Adobe Photoshop CS6 Extended
Setting Up the Printer1. Additional Equipment2. Placement
Additional EquipmentToothbrushLong TweezersDehumidifier (eg., DampRid)Sewing ScissorsPutty KnifeFoam Sanding PadsThin Rounded File (eg., a chainsaw file)
PlacementWell ventilated (most plastics emit fumes)Shielded from ventsSteady temperatureRoom for the printer, computer, recycle bin,supplies & tools
Getting More InformationGeneral 3ders.org Makezine.comLibrary-specific OCLC WebJunction (2012) ALA ACRL TechConnect (2012) Issues in Science and TechnologyLibrarianship (2013)
Questions?
Getting a 3D Printer for Your Library 1. Price 2. Size 3. Sound 4. Print Speed 5. Detail Quality 6. DIY or Pre-built 7. Software Compatibility 8. Number of Extruder
